A Hybrid Model for Achieving Universal Safe Drinking Water in the Medium-Sized City of Bangangté (Cameroon)

Providing everyone with safe drinking water is a moral imperative. Yet, sub-Saharan Africa seems unable to achieve “safe drinking water for all” by 2030. This sad situation calls for a closer examination of the water supply options for both rural and urban populations. Commonly, two main aspects are...

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Autores principales:	Esther Laurentine Nya, Roger Feumba, Pierre René Fotsing Kwetché, Willis Gwenzi, Chicgoua Noubactep
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	decentralized water supply hygiene and sanitation Sub-Saharan Africa waterborne disease zero-valent iron Hydraulic engineering TC1-978 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/3fd28466b70b49c0b648ea0f6fa9f31d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:3fd28466b70b49c0b648ea0f6fa9f31d2021-11-25T19:15:06ZA Hybrid Model for Achieving Universal Safe Drinking Water in the Medium-Sized City of Bangangté (Cameroon)10.3390/w132231772073-4441https://doaj.org/article/3fd28466b70b49c0b648ea0f6fa9f31d2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/13/22/3177https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4441Providing everyone with safe drinking water is a moral imperative. Yet, sub-Saharan Africa seems unable to achieve “safe drinking water for all” by 2030. This sad situation calls for a closer examination of the water supply options for both rural and urban populations. Commonly, two main aspects are considered: (1) behavioural responses to available or potential water supply options, and (2) socio-economic acceptability. These aspects determine the feasibility and the affordability of bringing safe drinking water as a basic good and human right to everyone. There is a broad consensus that achieving the UN Sustainable Development Goal 6.1 is mostly a financial issue, especially in low-income settings. This communication challenges this view as water is available everywhere and affordable treatment options are well-known. It considers the decentralized water supply model as a reference or standard approach in low-income settings rather than as an alternative. Here, the medium-sized city of Bangangté in the western region of Cameroon is used to demonstrate that universal safe drinking water will soon be possible. In fact, during the colonial period, the residences of the elite and the main institutions, including the administrative quarter, churches, and hospital, have been supplied with clean water from various local sources. All that is needed is to consider everyone as important or accept safe drinking water as human right. First, we present a historical background on water supply in the colonial period up to 1980. Second, the drinking water supply systems and water demand driven by population growth are discussed. Finally, a hybrid model for the achieving of universal access to clean drinking water, and preconditions for its successful implementation, are presented. Overall, this communication calls for a shift from safe drinking water supply approaches dominated by centralized systems, and presents a transferable hybrid model to achieve universal clean drinking water.Esther Laurentine NyaRoger FeumbaPierre René Fotsing KwetchéWillis GwenziChicgoua NoubactepMDPI AGarticledecentralized water supplyhygiene and sanitationSub-Saharan Africawaterborne diseasezero-valent ironHydraulic engineeringTC1-978Water supply for domestic and industrial purposesTD201-500ENWater, Vol 13, Iss 3177, p 3177 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	decentralized water supply hygiene and sanitation Sub-Saharan Africa waterborne disease zero-valent iron Hydraulic engineering TC1-978 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500
spellingShingle	decentralized water supply hygiene and sanitation Sub-Saharan Africa waterborne disease zero-valent iron Hydraulic engineering TC1-978 Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500 Esther Laurentine Nya Roger Feumba Pierre René Fotsing Kwetché Willis Gwenzi Chicgoua Noubactep A Hybrid Model for Achieving Universal Safe Drinking Water in the Medium-Sized City of Bangangté (Cameroon)
description	Providing everyone with safe drinking water is a moral imperative. Yet, sub-Saharan Africa seems unable to achieve “safe drinking water for all” by 2030. This sad situation calls for a closer examination of the water supply options for both rural and urban populations. Commonly, two main aspects are considered: (1) behavioural responses to available or potential water supply options, and (2) socio-economic acceptability. These aspects determine the feasibility and the affordability of bringing safe drinking water as a basic good and human right to everyone. There is a broad consensus that achieving the UN Sustainable Development Goal 6.1 is mostly a financial issue, especially in low-income settings. This communication challenges this view as water is available everywhere and affordable treatment options are well-known. It considers the decentralized water supply model as a reference or standard approach in low-income settings rather than as an alternative. Here, the medium-sized city of Bangangté in the western region of Cameroon is used to demonstrate that universal safe drinking water will soon be possible. In fact, during the colonial period, the residences of the elite and the main institutions, including the administrative quarter, churches, and hospital, have been supplied with clean water from various local sources. All that is needed is to consider everyone as important or accept safe drinking water as human right. First, we present a historical background on water supply in the colonial period up to 1980. Second, the drinking water supply systems and water demand driven by population growth are discussed. Finally, a hybrid model for the achieving of universal access to clean drinking water, and preconditions for its successful implementation, are presented. Overall, this communication calls for a shift from safe drinking water supply approaches dominated by centralized systems, and presents a transferable hybrid model to achieve universal clean drinking water.
format	article
author	Esther Laurentine Nya Roger Feumba Pierre René Fotsing Kwetché Willis Gwenzi Chicgoua Noubactep
author_facet	Esther Laurentine Nya Roger Feumba Pierre René Fotsing Kwetché Willis Gwenzi Chicgoua Noubactep
author_sort	Esther Laurentine Nya
title	A Hybrid Model for Achieving Universal Safe Drinking Water in the Medium-Sized City of Bangangté (Cameroon)
title_short	A Hybrid Model for Achieving Universal Safe Drinking Water in the Medium-Sized City of Bangangté (Cameroon)
title_full	A Hybrid Model for Achieving Universal Safe Drinking Water in the Medium-Sized City of Bangangté (Cameroon)
title_fullStr	A Hybrid Model for Achieving Universal Safe Drinking Water in the Medium-Sized City of Bangangté (Cameroon)
title_full_unstemmed	A Hybrid Model for Achieving Universal Safe Drinking Water in the Medium-Sized City of Bangangté (Cameroon)
title_sort	hybrid model for achieving universal safe drinking water in the medium-sized city of bangangté (cameroon)
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/3fd28466b70b49c0b648ea0f6fa9f31d
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A Hybrid Model for Achieving Universal Safe Drinking Water in the Medium-Sized City of Bangangté (Cameroon)

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