Graphene transistors for interfacing with cells: towards a deeper understanding of liquid gating and sensitivity

Abstract This work is focused on the fabrication and analysis of graphene-based, solution-gated field effect transistor arrays (GFETs) on a large scale for bioelectronic measurements. The GFETs fabricated on different substrates, with a variety of gate geometries (width/length) of the graphene chann...

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Autores principales:	Dmitry Kireev, Max Brambach, Silke Seyock, Vanessa Maybeck, Wangyang Fu, Bernhard Wolfrum, Andreas Offenhäusser
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/3ffa473086944f2b8f420a9248a5e2ac
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:3ffa473086944f2b8f420a9248a5e2ac2021-12-02T16:06:31ZGraphene transistors for interfacing with cells: towards a deeper understanding of liquid gating and sensitivity10.1038/s41598-017-06906-52045-2322https://doaj.org/article/3ffa473086944f2b8f420a9248a5e2ac2017-07-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-06906-5https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract This work is focused on the fabrication and analysis of graphene-based, solution-gated field effect transistor arrays (GFETs) on a large scale for bioelectronic measurements. The GFETs fabricated on different substrates, with a variety of gate geometries (width/length) of the graphene channel, reveal a linear relation between the transconductance and the width/length ratio. The area normalised electrolyte-gated transconductance is in the range of 1–2 mS·V−1·□ and does not strongly depend on the substrate. Influence of the ionic strength on the transistor performance is also investigated. Double contacts are found to decrease the effective resistance and the transfer length, but do not improve the transconductance. An electrochemical annealing/cleaning effect is investigated and proposed to originate from the out-of-plane gate leakage current. The devices are used as a proof-of-concept for bioelectronic sensors, recording external potentials from both: ex vivo heart tissue and in vitro cardiomyocyte-like HL-1 cells. The recordings show distinguishable action potentials with a signal to noise ratio over 14 from ex vivo tissue and over 6 from the cardiac-like cell line in vitro. Furthermore, in vitro neuronal signals are recorded by the graphene transistors with distinguishable bursting for the first time.Dmitry KireevMax BrambachSilke SeyockVanessa MaybeckWangyang FuBernhard WolfrumAndreas OffenhäusserNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Dmitry Kireev Max Brambach Silke Seyock Vanessa Maybeck Wangyang Fu Bernhard Wolfrum Andreas Offenhäusser Graphene transistors for interfacing with cells: towards a deeper understanding of liquid gating and sensitivity
description	Abstract This work is focused on the fabrication and analysis of graphene-based, solution-gated field effect transistor arrays (GFETs) on a large scale for bioelectronic measurements. The GFETs fabricated on different substrates, with a variety of gate geometries (width/length) of the graphene channel, reveal a linear relation between the transconductance and the width/length ratio. The area normalised electrolyte-gated transconductance is in the range of 1–2 mS·V−1·□ and does not strongly depend on the substrate. Influence of the ionic strength on the transistor performance is also investigated. Double contacts are found to decrease the effective resistance and the transfer length, but do not improve the transconductance. An electrochemical annealing/cleaning effect is investigated and proposed to originate from the out-of-plane gate leakage current. The devices are used as a proof-of-concept for bioelectronic sensors, recording external potentials from both: ex vivo heart tissue and in vitro cardiomyocyte-like HL-1 cells. The recordings show distinguishable action potentials with a signal to noise ratio over 14 from ex vivo tissue and over 6 from the cardiac-like cell line in vitro. Furthermore, in vitro neuronal signals are recorded by the graphene transistors with distinguishable bursting for the first time.
format	article
author	Dmitry Kireev Max Brambach Silke Seyock Vanessa Maybeck Wangyang Fu Bernhard Wolfrum Andreas Offenhäusser
author_facet	Dmitry Kireev Max Brambach Silke Seyock Vanessa Maybeck Wangyang Fu Bernhard Wolfrum Andreas Offenhäusser
author_sort	Dmitry Kireev
title	Graphene transistors for interfacing with cells: towards a deeper understanding of liquid gating and sensitivity
title_short	Graphene transistors for interfacing with cells: towards a deeper understanding of liquid gating and sensitivity
title_full	Graphene transistors for interfacing with cells: towards a deeper understanding of liquid gating and sensitivity
title_fullStr	Graphene transistors for interfacing with cells: towards a deeper understanding of liquid gating and sensitivity
title_full_unstemmed	Graphene transistors for interfacing with cells: towards a deeper understanding of liquid gating and sensitivity
title_sort	graphene transistors for interfacing with cells: towards a deeper understanding of liquid gating and sensitivity
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/3ffa473086944f2b8f420a9248a5e2ac
work_keys_str_mv	AT dmitrykireev graphenetransistorsforinterfacingwithcellstowardsadeeperunderstandingofliquidgatingandsensitivity AT maxbrambach graphenetransistorsforinterfacingwithcellstowardsadeeperunderstandingofliquidgatingandsensitivity AT silkeseyock graphenetransistorsforinterfacingwithcellstowardsadeeperunderstandingofliquidgatingandsensitivity AT vanessamaybeck graphenetransistorsforinterfacingwithcellstowardsadeeperunderstandingofliquidgatingandsensitivity AT wangyangfu graphenetransistorsforinterfacingwithcellstowardsadeeperunderstandingofliquidgatingandsensitivity AT bernhardwolfrum graphenetransistorsforinterfacingwithcellstowardsadeeperunderstandingofliquidgatingandsensitivity AT andreasoffenhausser graphenetransistorsforinterfacingwithcellstowardsadeeperunderstandingofliquidgatingandsensitivity
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Graphene transistors for interfacing with cells: towards a deeper understanding of liquid gating and sensitivity

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