A chelicerate Wnt gene expression atlas: novel insights into the complexity of arthropod Wnt-patterning

Abstract The Wnt genes represent a large family of secreted glycoprotein ligands that date back to early animal evolution. Multiple duplication events generated a set of 13 Wnt families of which 12 are preserved in protostomes. Embryonic Wnt expression patterns (Wnt-patterning) are complex, represen...

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Autores principales:	Ralf Janssen, Matthias Pechmann, Natascha Turetzek
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	BMC 2021
Materias:	Wnt Mygalomorpha Opiliones Spiders Appendage development Arthropod evolution Evolution QH359-425
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/4000c2d1cf0c4b488bee382341843178
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:4000c2d1cf0c4b488bee3823418431782021-11-14T12:08:09ZA chelicerate Wnt gene expression atlas: novel insights into the complexity of arthropod Wnt-patterning10.1186/s13227-021-00182-12041-9139https://doaj.org/article/4000c2d1cf0c4b488bee3823418431782021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s13227-021-00182-1https://doaj.org/toc/2041-9139Abstract The Wnt genes represent a large family of secreted glycoprotein ligands that date back to early animal evolution. Multiple duplication events generated a set of 13 Wnt families of which 12 are preserved in protostomes. Embryonic Wnt expression patterns (Wnt-patterning) are complex, representing the plentitude of functions these genes play during development. Here, we comprehensively investigated the embryonic expression patterns of Wnt genes from three species of spiders covering both main groups of true spiders, Haplogynae and Entelegynae, a mygalomorph species (tarantula), as well as a distantly related chelicerate outgroup species, the harvestman Phalangium opilio. All spiders possess the same ten classes of Wnt genes, but retained partially different sets of duplicated Wnt genes after whole genome duplication, some of which representing impressive examples of sub- and neo-functionalization. The harvestman, however, possesses a more complete set of 11 Wnt genes but with no duplicates. Our comprehensive data-analysis suggests a high degree of complexity and evolutionary flexibility of Wnt-patterning likely providing a firm network of mutational protection. We discuss the new data on Wnt gene expression in terms of their potential function in segmentation, posterior elongation, and appendage development and critically review previous research on these topics. We conclude that earlier research may have suffered from the absence of comprehensive gene expression data leading to partial misconceptions about the roles of Wnt genes in development and evolution.Ralf JanssenMatthias PechmannNatascha TuretzekBMCarticleWntMygalomorphaOpilionesSpidersAppendage developmentArthropod evolutionEvolutionQH359-425ENEvoDevo, Vol 12, Iss 1, Pp 1-27 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Wnt Mygalomorpha Opiliones Spiders Appendage development Arthropod evolution Evolution QH359-425
spellingShingle	Wnt Mygalomorpha Opiliones Spiders Appendage development Arthropod evolution Evolution QH359-425 Ralf Janssen Matthias Pechmann Natascha Turetzek A chelicerate Wnt gene expression atlas: novel insights into the complexity of arthropod Wnt-patterning
description	Abstract The Wnt genes represent a large family of secreted glycoprotein ligands that date back to early animal evolution. Multiple duplication events generated a set of 13 Wnt families of which 12 are preserved in protostomes. Embryonic Wnt expression patterns (Wnt-patterning) are complex, representing the plentitude of functions these genes play during development. Here, we comprehensively investigated the embryonic expression patterns of Wnt genes from three species of spiders covering both main groups of true spiders, Haplogynae and Entelegynae, a mygalomorph species (tarantula), as well as a distantly related chelicerate outgroup species, the harvestman Phalangium opilio. All spiders possess the same ten classes of Wnt genes, but retained partially different sets of duplicated Wnt genes after whole genome duplication, some of which representing impressive examples of sub- and neo-functionalization. The harvestman, however, possesses a more complete set of 11 Wnt genes but with no duplicates. Our comprehensive data-analysis suggests a high degree of complexity and evolutionary flexibility of Wnt-patterning likely providing a firm network of mutational protection. We discuss the new data on Wnt gene expression in terms of their potential function in segmentation, posterior elongation, and appendage development and critically review previous research on these topics. We conclude that earlier research may have suffered from the absence of comprehensive gene expression data leading to partial misconceptions about the roles of Wnt genes in development and evolution.
format	article
author	Ralf Janssen Matthias Pechmann Natascha Turetzek
author_facet	Ralf Janssen Matthias Pechmann Natascha Turetzek
author_sort	Ralf Janssen
title	A chelicerate Wnt gene expression atlas: novel insights into the complexity of arthropod Wnt-patterning
title_short	A chelicerate Wnt gene expression atlas: novel insights into the complexity of arthropod Wnt-patterning
title_full	A chelicerate Wnt gene expression atlas: novel insights into the complexity of arthropod Wnt-patterning
title_fullStr	A chelicerate Wnt gene expression atlas: novel insights into the complexity of arthropod Wnt-patterning
title_full_unstemmed	A chelicerate Wnt gene expression atlas: novel insights into the complexity of arthropod Wnt-patterning
title_sort	chelicerate wnt gene expression atlas: novel insights into the complexity of arthropod wnt-patterning
publisher	BMC
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/4000c2d1cf0c4b488bee382341843178
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A chelicerate Wnt gene expression atlas: novel insights into the complexity of arthropod Wnt-patterning

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