Physical activity, brain tissue microstructure, and cognition in older adults.

<h4>Objective</h4>To test whether postmortem MRI captures brain tissue characteristics that mediate the association between physical activity and cognition in older adults.<h4>Methods</h4>Participants (N = 318) were older adults from the Rush Memory and Aging Project who wore...

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Autores principales:	Robert J Dawe, Lei Yu, Sue E Leurgans, Bryan D James, Victoria N Poole, Konstantinos Arfanakis, Julie A Schneider, David A Bennett, Aron S Buchman
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/400f023d156348f0868c3f5498facd22
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:400f023d156348f0868c3f5498facd222021-12-02T20:09:38ZPhysical activity, brain tissue microstructure, and cognition in older adults.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0253484https://doaj.org/article/400f023d156348f0868c3f5498facd222021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0253484https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Objective</h4>To test whether postmortem MRI captures brain tissue characteristics that mediate the association between physical activity and cognition in older adults.<h4>Methods</h4>Participants (N = 318) were older adults from the Rush Memory and Aging Project who wore a device to quantify physical activity and also underwent detailed cognitive and motor testing. Following death, cerebral hemispheres underwent MRI to quantify the transverse relaxation rate R2, a metric related to tissue microstructure. For analyses, we reduced the dimensionality of the R2 maps from approximately 500,000 voxels to 30 components using spatial independent component analysis (ICA). Via path analysis, we examined whether these R2 components attenuated the association between physical activity and cognition, controlling for motor abilities and indices of common brain pathologies.<h4>Results</h4>Two of the 30 R2 components were associated with both total daily physical activity and global cognition assessed proximate to death. We visualized these components by highlighting the clusters of voxels whose R2 values contributed most strongly to each. One of these spatial signatures spanned periventricular white matter and hippocampus, while the other encompassed white matter of the occipital lobe. These two R2 components partially mediated the association between physical activity and cognition, accounting for 12.7% of the relationship (p = .01). This mediation remained evident after controlling for motor abilities and neurodegenerative and vascular brain pathologies.<h4>Conclusion</h4>The association between physically activity and cognition in older adults is partially accounted for by MRI-based signatures of brain tissue microstructure. Further studies are needed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying this pathway.Robert J DaweLei YuSue E LeurgansBryan D JamesVictoria N PooleKonstantinos ArfanakisJulie A SchneiderDavid A BennettAron S BuchmanPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 7, p e0253484 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Robert J Dawe Lei Yu Sue E Leurgans Bryan D James Victoria N Poole Konstantinos Arfanakis Julie A Schneider David A Bennett Aron S Buchman Physical activity, brain tissue microstructure, and cognition in older adults.
description	<h4>Objective</h4>To test whether postmortem MRI captures brain tissue characteristics that mediate the association between physical activity and cognition in older adults.<h4>Methods</h4>Participants (N = 318) were older adults from the Rush Memory and Aging Project who wore a device to quantify physical activity and also underwent detailed cognitive and motor testing. Following death, cerebral hemispheres underwent MRI to quantify the transverse relaxation rate R2, a metric related to tissue microstructure. For analyses, we reduced the dimensionality of the R2 maps from approximately 500,000 voxels to 30 components using spatial independent component analysis (ICA). Via path analysis, we examined whether these R2 components attenuated the association between physical activity and cognition, controlling for motor abilities and indices of common brain pathologies.<h4>Results</h4>Two of the 30 R2 components were associated with both total daily physical activity and global cognition assessed proximate to death. We visualized these components by highlighting the clusters of voxels whose R2 values contributed most strongly to each. One of these spatial signatures spanned periventricular white matter and hippocampus, while the other encompassed white matter of the occipital lobe. These two R2 components partially mediated the association between physical activity and cognition, accounting for 12.7% of the relationship (p = .01). This mediation remained evident after controlling for motor abilities and neurodegenerative and vascular brain pathologies.<h4>Conclusion</h4>The association between physically activity and cognition in older adults is partially accounted for by MRI-based signatures of brain tissue microstructure. Further studies are needed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying this pathway.
format	article
author	Robert J Dawe Lei Yu Sue E Leurgans Bryan D James Victoria N Poole Konstantinos Arfanakis Julie A Schneider David A Bennett Aron S Buchman
author_facet	Robert J Dawe Lei Yu Sue E Leurgans Bryan D James Victoria N Poole Konstantinos Arfanakis Julie A Schneider David A Bennett Aron S Buchman
author_sort	Robert J Dawe
title	Physical activity, brain tissue microstructure, and cognition in older adults.
title_short	Physical activity, brain tissue microstructure, and cognition in older adults.
title_full	Physical activity, brain tissue microstructure, and cognition in older adults.
title_fullStr	Physical activity, brain tissue microstructure, and cognition in older adults.
title_full_unstemmed	Physical activity, brain tissue microstructure, and cognition in older adults.
title_sort	physical activity, brain tissue microstructure, and cognition in older adults.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/400f023d156348f0868c3f5498facd22
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Physical activity, brain tissue microstructure, and cognition in older adults.

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