Polyamines Involved in Regulating Self-Incompatibility in Apple

Apple exhibits typical gametophytic self-incompatibility, in which self-S-RNase can arrest pollen tube growth, leading to failure of fertilization. To date, there have been few studies on how to resist the toxicity of self-S-RNase. In this study, pollen tube polyamines were found to respond to self-...

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Autores principales:	Jie Yu, Baoan Wang, Wenqi Fan, Songbo Fan, Ya Xu, Chunsheng Liu, Tianxing Lv, Wanda Liu, Ling Wu, Linfeng Xian, Tianzhong Li
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	polyamines apple self-incompatibility S-RNase pollen tube Genetics QH426-470
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/40135ff76fe045e5847e1ab567b93297
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:40135ff76fe045e5847e1ab567b932972021-11-25T17:42:06ZPolyamines Involved in Regulating Self-Incompatibility in Apple10.3390/genes121117972073-4425https://doaj.org/article/40135ff76fe045e5847e1ab567b932972021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/12/11/1797https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4425Apple exhibits typical gametophytic self-incompatibility, in which self-S-RNase can arrest pollen tube growth, leading to failure of fertilization. To date, there have been few studies on how to resist the toxicity of self-S-RNase. In this study, pollen tube polyamines were found to respond to self-S-RNase and help pollen tubes defend against self-S-RNase. In particular, the contents of putrescine, spermidine, and spermine in the pollen tube treated with self-S-RNase were substantially lower than those treated with non-self-S-RNase. Further analysis of gene expression of key enzymes in the synthesis and degradation pathways of polyamines found that the expression of <i>DIAMINE OXIDASE 4</i> (<i>MdDAO4</i>) as well as several polyamine oxidases such as <i>POLYAMINE OXIDASES 3</i> (<i>MdPAO3</i>), <i>POLYAMINE OXIDASES 4</i> (<i>MdPAO4</i>), and <i>POLYAMINE OXIDASES 6</i> (<i>MdPAO6</i>) were significantly up-regulated under self-S-RNase treatment, resulting in the reduction of polyamines. Silencing <i>MdPAO6</i> in pollen tubes alleviates the inhibitory effect of self-S-RNase on pollen tube growth. In addition, exogenous polyamines also enhance pollen tube resistance to self-S-RNase. Transcriptome sequencing data found that polyamines may communicate with S-RNase through the calcium signal pathway, thereby regulating the growth of the pollen tubes. To summarize, our results suggested that polyamines responded to the self-incompatibility reaction and could enhance pollen tube tolerance to S-RNase, thus providing a potential way to break self-incompatibility in apple.Jie YuBaoan WangWenqi FanSongbo FanYa XuChunsheng LiuTianxing LvWanda LiuLing WuLinfeng XianTianzhong LiMDPI AGarticlepolyaminesappleself-incompatibilityS-RNasepollen tubeGeneticsQH426-470ENGenes, Vol 12, Iss 1797, p 1797 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	polyamines apple self-incompatibility S-RNase pollen tube Genetics QH426-470
spellingShingle	polyamines apple self-incompatibility S-RNase pollen tube Genetics QH426-470 Jie Yu Baoan Wang Wenqi Fan Songbo Fan Ya Xu Chunsheng Liu Tianxing Lv Wanda Liu Ling Wu Linfeng Xian Tianzhong Li Polyamines Involved in Regulating Self-Incompatibility in Apple
description	Apple exhibits typical gametophytic self-incompatibility, in which self-S-RNase can arrest pollen tube growth, leading to failure of fertilization. To date, there have been few studies on how to resist the toxicity of self-S-RNase. In this study, pollen tube polyamines were found to respond to self-S-RNase and help pollen tubes defend against self-S-RNase. In particular, the contents of putrescine, spermidine, and spermine in the pollen tube treated with self-S-RNase were substantially lower than those treated with non-self-S-RNase. Further analysis of gene expression of key enzymes in the synthesis and degradation pathways of polyamines found that the expression of <i>DIAMINE OXIDASE 4</i> (<i>MdDAO4</i>) as well as several polyamine oxidases such as <i>POLYAMINE OXIDASES 3</i> (<i>MdPAO3</i>), <i>POLYAMINE OXIDASES 4</i> (<i>MdPAO4</i>), and <i>POLYAMINE OXIDASES 6</i> (<i>MdPAO6</i>) were significantly up-regulated under self-S-RNase treatment, resulting in the reduction of polyamines. Silencing <i>MdPAO6</i> in pollen tubes alleviates the inhibitory effect of self-S-RNase on pollen tube growth. In addition, exogenous polyamines also enhance pollen tube resistance to self-S-RNase. Transcriptome sequencing data found that polyamines may communicate with S-RNase through the calcium signal pathway, thereby regulating the growth of the pollen tubes. To summarize, our results suggested that polyamines responded to the self-incompatibility reaction and could enhance pollen tube tolerance to S-RNase, thus providing a potential way to break self-incompatibility in apple.
format	article
author	Jie Yu Baoan Wang Wenqi Fan Songbo Fan Ya Xu Chunsheng Liu Tianxing Lv Wanda Liu Ling Wu Linfeng Xian Tianzhong Li
author_facet	Jie Yu Baoan Wang Wenqi Fan Songbo Fan Ya Xu Chunsheng Liu Tianxing Lv Wanda Liu Ling Wu Linfeng Xian Tianzhong Li
author_sort	Jie Yu
title	Polyamines Involved in Regulating Self-Incompatibility in Apple
title_short	Polyamines Involved in Regulating Self-Incompatibility in Apple
title_full	Polyamines Involved in Regulating Self-Incompatibility in Apple
title_fullStr	Polyamines Involved in Regulating Self-Incompatibility in Apple
title_full_unstemmed	Polyamines Involved in Regulating Self-Incompatibility in Apple
title_sort	polyamines involved in regulating self-incompatibility in apple
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/40135ff76fe045e5847e1ab567b93297
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Polyamines Involved in Regulating Self-Incompatibility in Apple

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