The pathology, phylogeny, and epidemiology of Echinococcus ortleppi (G5 genotype): a new case report of echinococcosis in China

Abstract Background Cystic echinococcosis (CE), caused by the larval stage of the complex Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato (s.l.), is a zoonotic parasitic disease with a high social burden in China. E. ortleppi is a species (formerly genotype 5 of E. granulosus s.l.) with unique epidemic areas (tr...

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Autores principales:	Xu Wang, Aiya Zhu, Hongying Cai, Baixue Liu, Gang Xie, Rui Jiang, Ji Zhang, Nanzi Xie, Yayi Guan, Robert Bergquist, Zhenghuan Wang, Yang Li, Weiping Wu
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	BMC 2021
Materias:	Cystic echinococcosis (CE) Echinococcus ortleppi Human Non-endemic area China Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/40263a9adfc849aeaf6ef912da8a02cf
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:40263a9adfc849aeaf6ef912da8a02cf2021-11-08T10:59:17ZThe pathology, phylogeny, and epidemiology of Echinococcus ortleppi (G5 genotype): a new case report of echinococcosis in China10.1186/s40249-021-00907-32049-9957https://doaj.org/article/40263a9adfc849aeaf6ef912da8a02cf2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-021-00907-3https://doaj.org/toc/2049-9957Abstract Background Cystic echinococcosis (CE), caused by the larval stage of the complex Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato (s.l.), is a zoonotic parasitic disease with a high social burden in China. E. ortleppi is a species (formerly genotype 5 of E. granulosus s.l.) with unique epidemic areas (tropical areas), transmission patterns (mainly cattle origin), and pathological characteristics (large and small hook lengths) compared to other species that cause CE. A 19-year-old female patient in an area with no history of echinococcosis in Guizhou Province, China, was diagnosed with E. ortleppi infection in 2019. This study is to understand the source of this human E. ortleppi infection. Methods We performed computer tomography (CT) scans, surgical operation, morphological sectioning, molecular diagnosis, phylogenetic analyses, and epidemiological investigation in Anshun City, Guizhou Province, China in 2019. Results The patient presented with intermittent distension and pain in the upper abdomen without other abnormal symptoms. Routine blood examination results were normal. However, abdominal CT revealed a fertile cyst with a diameter of approximately 8 cm, uniform density, and a clear boundary, but without an evident cyst wall in the right lobe of the liver. The cyst was fertile, and phylogenetic analyses revealed that the isolates represented a new E. ortleppi genus haplotype. A result of 10‒14 years incubation period with indigenous infection was considered available for the case through the epidemiological survey. Conclusions CE due to E. ortleppi infection can be confused with other diseases causing liver cysts, resulting in misdiagnosis. A transmission chain of E. ortleppi may exist or existed in the past in the previously considered non-endemic areas of echinococcosis in southwestern China. Graphic abstractXu WangAiya ZhuHongying CaiBaixue LiuGang XieRui JiangJi ZhangNanzi XieYayi GuanRobert BergquistZhenghuan WangYang LiWeiping WuBMCarticleCystic echinococcosis (CE)Echinococcus ortleppiHumanNon-endemic areaChinaInfectious and parasitic diseasesRC109-216Public aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENInfectious Diseases of Poverty, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 1-8 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Cystic echinococcosis (CE) Echinococcus ortleppi Human Non-endemic area China Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
spellingShingle	Cystic echinococcosis (CE) Echinococcus ortleppi Human Non-endemic area China Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Xu Wang Aiya Zhu Hongying Cai Baixue Liu Gang Xie Rui Jiang Ji Zhang Nanzi Xie Yayi Guan Robert Bergquist Zhenghuan Wang Yang Li Weiping Wu The pathology, phylogeny, and epidemiology of Echinococcus ortleppi (G5 genotype): a new case report of echinococcosis in China
description	Abstract Background Cystic echinococcosis (CE), caused by the larval stage of the complex Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato (s.l.), is a zoonotic parasitic disease with a high social burden in China. E. ortleppi is a species (formerly genotype 5 of E. granulosus s.l.) with unique epidemic areas (tropical areas), transmission patterns (mainly cattle origin), and pathological characteristics (large and small hook lengths) compared to other species that cause CE. A 19-year-old female patient in an area with no history of echinococcosis in Guizhou Province, China, was diagnosed with E. ortleppi infection in 2019. This study is to understand the source of this human E. ortleppi infection. Methods We performed computer tomography (CT) scans, surgical operation, morphological sectioning, molecular diagnosis, phylogenetic analyses, and epidemiological investigation in Anshun City, Guizhou Province, China in 2019. Results The patient presented with intermittent distension and pain in the upper abdomen without other abnormal symptoms. Routine blood examination results were normal. However, abdominal CT revealed a fertile cyst with a diameter of approximately 8 cm, uniform density, and a clear boundary, but without an evident cyst wall in the right lobe of the liver. The cyst was fertile, and phylogenetic analyses revealed that the isolates represented a new E. ortleppi genus haplotype. A result of 10‒14 years incubation period with indigenous infection was considered available for the case through the epidemiological survey. Conclusions CE due to E. ortleppi infection can be confused with other diseases causing liver cysts, resulting in misdiagnosis. A transmission chain of E. ortleppi may exist or existed in the past in the previously considered non-endemic areas of echinococcosis in southwestern China. Graphic abstract
format	article
author	Xu Wang Aiya Zhu Hongying Cai Baixue Liu Gang Xie Rui Jiang Ji Zhang Nanzi Xie Yayi Guan Robert Bergquist Zhenghuan Wang Yang Li Weiping Wu
author_facet	Xu Wang Aiya Zhu Hongying Cai Baixue Liu Gang Xie Rui Jiang Ji Zhang Nanzi Xie Yayi Guan Robert Bergquist Zhenghuan Wang Yang Li Weiping Wu
author_sort	Xu Wang
title	The pathology, phylogeny, and epidemiology of Echinococcus ortleppi (G5 genotype): a new case report of echinococcosis in China
title_short	The pathology, phylogeny, and epidemiology of Echinococcus ortleppi (G5 genotype): a new case report of echinococcosis in China
title_full	The pathology, phylogeny, and epidemiology of Echinococcus ortleppi (G5 genotype): a new case report of echinococcosis in China
title_fullStr	The pathology, phylogeny, and epidemiology of Echinococcus ortleppi (G5 genotype): a new case report of echinococcosis in China
title_full_unstemmed	The pathology, phylogeny, and epidemiology of Echinococcus ortleppi (G5 genotype): a new case report of echinococcosis in China
title_sort	pathology, phylogeny, and epidemiology of echinococcus ortleppi (g5 genotype): a new case report of echinococcosis in china
publisher	BMC
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/40263a9adfc849aeaf6ef912da8a02cf
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The pathology, phylogeny, and epidemiology of Echinococcus ortleppi (G5 genotype): a new case report of echinococcosis in China

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