Molecular Minimal Residual Disease Detection in Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Initial induction chemotherapy to eradicate the bulk of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells results in complete remission (CR) in the majority of patients. However, leukemic cells persisting in the bone marrow below the morphologic threshold remain unaffected and have the potential to proliferate and...

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Autores principales:	Christian M. Vonk, Adil S. A. Al Hinai, Diana Hanekamp, Peter J. M. Valk
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	acute myeloid leukemia minimal/measurable residual disease MRD next generation sequencing clonal hematopoiesis Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/402b4a3efadf49d3a4213abadf25d0bc
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:402b4a3efadf49d3a4213abadf25d0bc2021-11-11T15:31:27ZMolecular Minimal Residual Disease Detection in Acute Myeloid Leukemia10.3390/cancers132154312072-6694https://doaj.org/article/402b4a3efadf49d3a4213abadf25d0bc2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/13/21/5431https://doaj.org/toc/2072-6694Initial induction chemotherapy to eradicate the bulk of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells results in complete remission (CR) in the majority of patients. However, leukemic cells persisting in the bone marrow below the morphologic threshold remain unaffected and have the potential to proliferate and re-emerge as AML relapse. Detection of minimal/measurable residual disease (MRD) is a promising prognostic marker for AML relapse as it can assess an individual patients’ risk profile and evaluate their response to treatment. With the emergence of molecular techniques, such as next generation sequencing (NGS), a more sensitive assessment of molecular MRD markers is available. In recent years, the detection of MRD by molecular assays and its association with AML relapse and survival has been explored and verified in multiple studies. Although most studies show that the presence of MRD leads to a worse clinical outcome, molecular-based methods face several challenges including limited sensitivity/specificity, and a difficult distinction between mutations that are representative of AML rather than clonal hematopoiesis. This review describes the studies that have been performed using molecular-based assays for MRD detection in the context of other MRD detection approaches in AML, and discusses limitations, challenges and opportunities.Christian M. VonkAdil S. A. Al HinaiDiana HanekampPeter J. M. ValkMDPI AGarticleacute myeloid leukemiaminimal/measurable residual diseaseMRDnext generation sequencingclonal hematopoiesisNeoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogensRC254-282ENCancers, Vol 13, Iss 5431, p 5431 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	acute myeloid leukemia minimal/measurable residual disease MRD next generation sequencing clonal hematopoiesis Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282
spellingShingle	acute myeloid leukemia minimal/measurable residual disease MRD next generation sequencing clonal hematopoiesis Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282 Christian M. Vonk Adil S. A. Al Hinai Diana Hanekamp Peter J. M. Valk Molecular Minimal Residual Disease Detection in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
description	Initial induction chemotherapy to eradicate the bulk of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells results in complete remission (CR) in the majority of patients. However, leukemic cells persisting in the bone marrow below the morphologic threshold remain unaffected and have the potential to proliferate and re-emerge as AML relapse. Detection of minimal/measurable residual disease (MRD) is a promising prognostic marker for AML relapse as it can assess an individual patients’ risk profile and evaluate their response to treatment. With the emergence of molecular techniques, such as next generation sequencing (NGS), a more sensitive assessment of molecular MRD markers is available. In recent years, the detection of MRD by molecular assays and its association with AML relapse and survival has been explored and verified in multiple studies. Although most studies show that the presence of MRD leads to a worse clinical outcome, molecular-based methods face several challenges including limited sensitivity/specificity, and a difficult distinction between mutations that are representative of AML rather than clonal hematopoiesis. This review describes the studies that have been performed using molecular-based assays for MRD detection in the context of other MRD detection approaches in AML, and discusses limitations, challenges and opportunities.
format	article
author	Christian M. Vonk Adil S. A. Al Hinai Diana Hanekamp Peter J. M. Valk
author_facet	Christian M. Vonk Adil S. A. Al Hinai Diana Hanekamp Peter J. M. Valk
author_sort	Christian M. Vonk
title	Molecular Minimal Residual Disease Detection in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
title_short	Molecular Minimal Residual Disease Detection in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
title_full	Molecular Minimal Residual Disease Detection in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
title_fullStr	Molecular Minimal Residual Disease Detection in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
title_full_unstemmed	Molecular Minimal Residual Disease Detection in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
title_sort	molecular minimal residual disease detection in acute myeloid leukemia
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/402b4a3efadf49d3a4213abadf25d0bc
work_keys_str_mv	AT christianmvonk molecularminimalresidualdiseasedetectioninacutemyeloidleukemia AT adilsaalhinai molecularminimalresidualdiseasedetectioninacutemyeloidleukemia AT dianahanekamp molecularminimalresidualdiseasedetectioninacutemyeloidleukemia AT peterjmvalk molecularminimalresidualdiseasedetectioninacutemyeloidleukemia
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Molecular Minimal Residual Disease Detection in Acute Myeloid Leukemia

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