Factors associated with unawareness of HIV-positive status in urban Ethiopia: Evidence from the Ethiopia population-based HIV impact assessment 2017-2018.

<h4>Background</h4>The HIV epidemic in Ethiopia is concentrated in urban areas. Ethiopia conducted a Population-based HIV Impact Assessment (EPHIA) in urban areas between October 2017 and April 2018 to measure the status of the country's response to the epidemic.<h4>Methods<...

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Autores principales:	Sileshi Lulseged, Wudinesh Belete, Jelaludin Ahmed, Terefe Gelibo, Habtamu Teklie, Christine W West, Zenebe Melaku, Minilik Demissie, Mansoor Farhani, Frehywot Eshetu, Sehin Birhanu, Yimam Getaneh, Hetal Patel, Andrew C Voetsch, EPHIA Study Team
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/403943e492ab4533b0617566018df090
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:403943e492ab4533b0617566018df0902021-12-02T20:15:03ZFactors associated with unawareness of HIV-positive status in urban Ethiopia: Evidence from the Ethiopia population-based HIV impact assessment 2017-2018.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0255163https://doaj.org/article/403943e492ab4533b0617566018df0902021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255163https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>The HIV epidemic in Ethiopia is concentrated in urban areas. Ethiopia conducted a Population-based HIV Impact Assessment (EPHIA) in urban areas between October 2017 and April 2018 to measure the status of the country's response to the epidemic.<h4>Methods</h4>We conducted field data collection and HIV testing in randomly selected households using the national, rapid testing algorithm with laboratory confirmation of seropositive samples using a supplemental assay. In addition to self-report on HIV diagnosis and treatment, all HIV-positive participants were screened for a set of HIV antiretroviral (ARV) drugs indicative of the first- and second-line regimens. We calculated weighted frequencies and 95% confidence intervals to assess regional variation in participants' level of unawareness of their HIV-positive status (adjusted for ARV status).<h4>Results</h4>We interviewed 20,170 survey participants 15-64 years of age, of which 19,136 (95%) were tested for HIV, 614 (3.2%) tested positive, and 119 (21%) of HIV-positive persons were unaware of their HIV status. Progress towards the UNAIDS first 90 target (90% of people living with HIV would be aware of their HIV status by 2020) substantially differed by administrative region of the country. In the bivariate analysis using log binomial regression, three regions (Oromia, Addis Ababa, and Harari), male gender, and young age (15-24 years) were significantly associated with awareness of HIV positive status. In multivariate analysis, the same variables were associated with awareness of HIV-positive status.<h4>Conclusion</h4>One-fifth of the HIV-positive urban population were unaware of their HIV-positive status. The number of unaware HIV-positive individuals has a different distribution than the HIV prevalence. National and regional planning and monitoring activities could address this potentially substantial source of undetected HIV infection by increasing HIV testing among young people, men and individuals who do not use condoms.Sileshi LulsegedWudinesh BeleteJelaludin AhmedTerefe GeliboHabtamu TeklieChristine W WestZenebe MelakuMinilik DemissieMansoor FarhaniFrehywot EshetuSehin BirhanuYimam GetanehHetal PatelAndrew C VoetschEPHIA Study TeamPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 8, p e0255163 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Sileshi Lulseged Wudinesh Belete Jelaludin Ahmed Terefe Gelibo Habtamu Teklie Christine W West Zenebe Melaku Minilik Demissie Mansoor Farhani Frehywot Eshetu Sehin Birhanu Yimam Getaneh Hetal Patel Andrew C Voetsch EPHIA Study Team Factors associated with unawareness of HIV-positive status in urban Ethiopia: Evidence from the Ethiopia population-based HIV impact assessment 2017-2018.
description	<h4>Background</h4>The HIV epidemic in Ethiopia is concentrated in urban areas. Ethiopia conducted a Population-based HIV Impact Assessment (EPHIA) in urban areas between October 2017 and April 2018 to measure the status of the country's response to the epidemic.<h4>Methods</h4>We conducted field data collection and HIV testing in randomly selected households using the national, rapid testing algorithm with laboratory confirmation of seropositive samples using a supplemental assay. In addition to self-report on HIV diagnosis and treatment, all HIV-positive participants were screened for a set of HIV antiretroviral (ARV) drugs indicative of the first- and second-line regimens. We calculated weighted frequencies and 95% confidence intervals to assess regional variation in participants' level of unawareness of their HIV-positive status (adjusted for ARV status).<h4>Results</h4>We interviewed 20,170 survey participants 15-64 years of age, of which 19,136 (95%) were tested for HIV, 614 (3.2%) tested positive, and 119 (21%) of HIV-positive persons were unaware of their HIV status. Progress towards the UNAIDS first 90 target (90% of people living with HIV would be aware of their HIV status by 2020) substantially differed by administrative region of the country. In the bivariate analysis using log binomial regression, three regions (Oromia, Addis Ababa, and Harari), male gender, and young age (15-24 years) were significantly associated with awareness of HIV positive status. In multivariate analysis, the same variables were associated with awareness of HIV-positive status.<h4>Conclusion</h4>One-fifth of the HIV-positive urban population were unaware of their HIV-positive status. The number of unaware HIV-positive individuals has a different distribution than the HIV prevalence. National and regional planning and monitoring activities could address this potentially substantial source of undetected HIV infection by increasing HIV testing among young people, men and individuals who do not use condoms.
format	article
author	Sileshi Lulseged Wudinesh Belete Jelaludin Ahmed Terefe Gelibo Habtamu Teklie Christine W West Zenebe Melaku Minilik Demissie Mansoor Farhani Frehywot Eshetu Sehin Birhanu Yimam Getaneh Hetal Patel Andrew C Voetsch EPHIA Study Team
author_facet	Sileshi Lulseged Wudinesh Belete Jelaludin Ahmed Terefe Gelibo Habtamu Teklie Christine W West Zenebe Melaku Minilik Demissie Mansoor Farhani Frehywot Eshetu Sehin Birhanu Yimam Getaneh Hetal Patel Andrew C Voetsch EPHIA Study Team
author_sort	Sileshi Lulseged
title	Factors associated with unawareness of HIV-positive status in urban Ethiopia: Evidence from the Ethiopia population-based HIV impact assessment 2017-2018.
title_short	Factors associated with unawareness of HIV-positive status in urban Ethiopia: Evidence from the Ethiopia population-based HIV impact assessment 2017-2018.
title_full	Factors associated with unawareness of HIV-positive status in urban Ethiopia: Evidence from the Ethiopia population-based HIV impact assessment 2017-2018.
title_fullStr	Factors associated with unawareness of HIV-positive status in urban Ethiopia: Evidence from the Ethiopia population-based HIV impact assessment 2017-2018.
title_full_unstemmed	Factors associated with unawareness of HIV-positive status in urban Ethiopia: Evidence from the Ethiopia population-based HIV impact assessment 2017-2018.
title_sort	factors associated with unawareness of hiv-positive status in urban ethiopia: evidence from the ethiopia population-based hiv impact assessment 2017-2018.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/403943e492ab4533b0617566018df090
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Factors associated with unawareness of HIV-positive status in urban Ethiopia: Evidence from the Ethiopia population-based HIV impact assessment 2017-2018.

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