Post-Treatment of Palm Oil Mill Effluent Using Immobilised Green Microalgae <i>Chlorococcum oleofaciens</i>

Microalgae immobilisation can be a long-term solution for effective wastewater post-treatment. This study was conducted to evaluate the ability of immobilised <i>Chlorococcum oleofaciens</i> to remove contaminants from palm oil mill effluent (POME) until it complies with the POME dischar...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Kah Aik Tan, Japareng Lalung, Norhashimah Morad, Norli Ismail, Wan Maznah Wan Omar, Moonis Ali Khan, Mika Sillanpää, Mohd Rafatullah
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	alginate beads <i>C. oleofaciens</i> immobilisation green microalgae POME treatment post-treatment Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/4057caa7126743ddad1bf8c32e68278c
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:4057caa7126743ddad1bf8c32e68278c
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:4057caa7126743ddad1bf8c32e68278c2021-11-11T19:21:02ZPost-Treatment of Palm Oil Mill Effluent Using Immobilised Green Microalgae <i>Chlorococcum oleofaciens</i>10.3390/su1321115622071-1050https://doaj.org/article/4057caa7126743ddad1bf8c32e68278c2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/13/21/11562https://doaj.org/toc/2071-1050Microalgae immobilisation can be a long-term solution for effective wastewater post-treatment. This study was conducted to evaluate the ability of immobilised <i>Chlorococcum oleofaciens</i> to remove contaminants from palm oil mill effluent (POME) until it complies with the POME discharge standard. First, the native dominating green microalga was isolated from a polishing POME treatment pond. Then, the microalgae cells were immobilised on sodium alginate beads and cultivated in a lab-scale-treated POME to treat it further. The immobilised microalgae cells demonstrated a high removal of total phosphorus, total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, and soluble chemical oxygen demand with 90.43%, 93.51%, 91.26%, and 50.72% of reduction, respectively. Furthermore, the growth rate of the microalgae fitted nicely with the Verhulst logistical model with r<sup>2</sup> of more than 0.99, indicating the model’s suitability in modelling the growth. Thus, we concluded that the species can be used for post-treatment of effluents to remove TP, TN, and ammonia nitrogen from palm oil mills until it complies with the POME effluent discharge standard. However, during the process, degradation of the beads occurred and the COD value increased. Therefore, it is not suitable to be used for COD removal.Kah Aik TanJapareng LalungNorhashimah MoradNorli IsmailWan Maznah Wan OmarMoonis Ali KhanMika SillanpääMohd RafatullahMDPI AGarticlealginate beads<i>C. oleofaciens</i>immobilisationgreen microalgaePOME treatmentpost-treatmentEnvironmental effects of industries and plantsTD194-195Renewable energy sourcesTJ807-830Environmental sciencesGE1-350ENSustainability, Vol 13, Iss 11562, p 11562 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	alginate beads <i>C. oleofaciens</i> immobilisation green microalgae POME treatment post-treatment Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350
spellingShingle	alginate beads <i>C. oleofaciens</i> immobilisation green microalgae POME treatment post-treatment Environmental effects of industries and plants TD194-195 Renewable energy sources TJ807-830 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Kah Aik Tan Japareng Lalung Norhashimah Morad Norli Ismail Wan Maznah Wan Omar Moonis Ali Khan Mika Sillanpää Mohd Rafatullah Post-Treatment of Palm Oil Mill Effluent Using Immobilised Green Microalgae <i>Chlorococcum oleofaciens</i>
description	Microalgae immobilisation can be a long-term solution for effective wastewater post-treatment. This study was conducted to evaluate the ability of immobilised <i>Chlorococcum oleofaciens</i> to remove contaminants from palm oil mill effluent (POME) until it complies with the POME discharge standard. First, the native dominating green microalga was isolated from a polishing POME treatment pond. Then, the microalgae cells were immobilised on sodium alginate beads and cultivated in a lab-scale-treated POME to treat it further. The immobilised microalgae cells demonstrated a high removal of total phosphorus, total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, and soluble chemical oxygen demand with 90.43%, 93.51%, 91.26%, and 50.72% of reduction, respectively. Furthermore, the growth rate of the microalgae fitted nicely with the Verhulst logistical model with r<sup>2</sup> of more than 0.99, indicating the model’s suitability in modelling the growth. Thus, we concluded that the species can be used for post-treatment of effluents to remove TP, TN, and ammonia nitrogen from palm oil mills until it complies with the POME effluent discharge standard. However, during the process, degradation of the beads occurred and the COD value increased. Therefore, it is not suitable to be used for COD removal.
format	article
author	Kah Aik Tan Japareng Lalung Norhashimah Morad Norli Ismail Wan Maznah Wan Omar Moonis Ali Khan Mika Sillanpää Mohd Rafatullah
author_facet	Kah Aik Tan Japareng Lalung Norhashimah Morad Norli Ismail Wan Maznah Wan Omar Moonis Ali Khan Mika Sillanpää Mohd Rafatullah
author_sort	Kah Aik Tan
title	Post-Treatment of Palm Oil Mill Effluent Using Immobilised Green Microalgae <i>Chlorococcum oleofaciens</i>
title_short	Post-Treatment of Palm Oil Mill Effluent Using Immobilised Green Microalgae <i>Chlorococcum oleofaciens</i>
title_full	Post-Treatment of Palm Oil Mill Effluent Using Immobilised Green Microalgae <i>Chlorococcum oleofaciens</i>
title_fullStr	Post-Treatment of Palm Oil Mill Effluent Using Immobilised Green Microalgae <i>Chlorococcum oleofaciens</i>
title_full_unstemmed	Post-Treatment of Palm Oil Mill Effluent Using Immobilised Green Microalgae <i>Chlorococcum oleofaciens</i>
title_sort	post-treatment of palm oil mill effluent using immobilised green microalgae <i>chlorococcum oleofaciens</i>
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/4057caa7126743ddad1bf8c32e68278c
work_keys_str_mv	AT kahaiktan posttreatmentofpalmoilmilleffluentusingimmobilisedgreenmicroalgaeichlorococcumoleofaciensi AT japarenglalung posttreatmentofpalmoilmilleffluentusingimmobilisedgreenmicroalgaeichlorococcumoleofaciensi AT norhashimahmorad posttreatmentofpalmoilmilleffluentusingimmobilisedgreenmicroalgaeichlorococcumoleofaciensi AT norliismail posttreatmentofpalmoilmilleffluentusingimmobilisedgreenmicroalgaeichlorococcumoleofaciensi AT wanmaznahwanomar posttreatmentofpalmoilmilleffluentusingimmobilisedgreenmicroalgaeichlorococcumoleofaciensi AT moonisalikhan posttreatmentofpalmoilmilleffluentusingimmobilisedgreenmicroalgaeichlorococcumoleofaciensi AT mikasillanpaa posttreatmentofpalmoilmilleffluentusingimmobilisedgreenmicroalgaeichlorococcumoleofaciensi AT mohdrafatullah posttreatmentofpalmoilmilleffluentusingimmobilisedgreenmicroalgaeichlorococcumoleofaciensi
_version_	1718431523659579392

Post-Treatment of Palm Oil Mill Effluent Using Immobilised Green Microalgae <i>Chlorococcum oleofaciens</i>

Ejemplares similares