Current Adenosinergic Therapies: What Do Cancer Cells Stand to Gain and Lose?

A key objective in immuno-oncology is to reactivate the dormant immune system and increase tumour immunogenicity. Adenosine is an omnipresent purine that is formed in response to stress stimuli in order to restore physiological balance, mainly via anti-inflammatory, tissue-protective, and anti-nocic...

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Autores principales:	Jana Kotulová, Marián Hajdúch, Petr Džubák
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	adenosine adenosine receptors cancer adenosinergic therapy tumour microenvironment immunosurveillance Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/406ad2361cbe4792ba5702616c7af542
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:406ad2361cbe4792ba5702616c7af5422021-11-25T17:57:57ZCurrent Adenosinergic Therapies: What Do Cancer Cells Stand to Gain and Lose?10.3390/ijms2222125691422-00671661-6596https://doaj.org/article/406ad2361cbe4792ba5702616c7af5422021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/22/12569https://doaj.org/toc/1661-6596https://doaj.org/toc/1422-0067A key objective in immuno-oncology is to reactivate the dormant immune system and increase tumour immunogenicity. Adenosine is an omnipresent purine that is formed in response to stress stimuli in order to restore physiological balance, mainly via anti-inflammatory, tissue-protective, and anti-nociceptive mechanisms. Adenosine overproduction occurs in all stages of tumorigenesis, from the initial inflammation/local tissue damage to the precancerous niche and the developed tumour, making the adenosinergic pathway an attractive but challenging therapeutic target. Many current efforts in immuno-oncology are focused on restoring immunosurveillance, largely by blocking adenosine-producing enzymes in the tumour microenvironment (TME) and adenosine receptors on immune cells either alone or combined with chemotherapy and/or immunotherapy. However, the effects of adenosinergic immunotherapy are not restricted to immune cells; other cells in the TME including cancer and stromal cells are also affected. Here we summarise recent advancements in the understanding of the tumour adenosinergic system and highlight the impact of current and prospective immunomodulatory therapies on other cell types within the TME, focusing on adenosine receptors in tumour cells. In addition, we evaluate the structure- and context-related limitations of targeting this pathway and highlight avenues that could possibly be exploited in future adenosinergic therapies.Jana KotulováMarián HajdúchPetr DžubákMDPI AGarticleadenosineadenosine receptorscanceradenosinergic therapytumour microenvironmentimmunosurveillanceBiology (General)QH301-705.5ChemistryQD1-999ENInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 12569, p 12569 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	adenosine adenosine receptors cancer adenosinergic therapy tumour microenvironment immunosurveillance Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999
spellingShingle	adenosine adenosine receptors cancer adenosinergic therapy tumour microenvironment immunosurveillance Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999 Jana Kotulová Marián Hajdúch Petr Džubák Current Adenosinergic Therapies: What Do Cancer Cells Stand to Gain and Lose?
description	A key objective in immuno-oncology is to reactivate the dormant immune system and increase tumour immunogenicity. Adenosine is an omnipresent purine that is formed in response to stress stimuli in order to restore physiological balance, mainly via anti-inflammatory, tissue-protective, and anti-nociceptive mechanisms. Adenosine overproduction occurs in all stages of tumorigenesis, from the initial inflammation/local tissue damage to the precancerous niche and the developed tumour, making the adenosinergic pathway an attractive but challenging therapeutic target. Many current efforts in immuno-oncology are focused on restoring immunosurveillance, largely by blocking adenosine-producing enzymes in the tumour microenvironment (TME) and adenosine receptors on immune cells either alone or combined with chemotherapy and/or immunotherapy. However, the effects of adenosinergic immunotherapy are not restricted to immune cells; other cells in the TME including cancer and stromal cells are also affected. Here we summarise recent advancements in the understanding of the tumour adenosinergic system and highlight the impact of current and prospective immunomodulatory therapies on other cell types within the TME, focusing on adenosine receptors in tumour cells. In addition, we evaluate the structure- and context-related limitations of targeting this pathway and highlight avenues that could possibly be exploited in future adenosinergic therapies.
format	article
author	Jana Kotulová Marián Hajdúch Petr Džubák
author_facet	Jana Kotulová Marián Hajdúch Petr Džubák
author_sort	Jana Kotulová
title	Current Adenosinergic Therapies: What Do Cancer Cells Stand to Gain and Lose?
title_short	Current Adenosinergic Therapies: What Do Cancer Cells Stand to Gain and Lose?
title_full	Current Adenosinergic Therapies: What Do Cancer Cells Stand to Gain and Lose?
title_fullStr	Current Adenosinergic Therapies: What Do Cancer Cells Stand to Gain and Lose?
title_full_unstemmed	Current Adenosinergic Therapies: What Do Cancer Cells Stand to Gain and Lose?
title_sort	current adenosinergic therapies: what do cancer cells stand to gain and lose?
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/406ad2361cbe4792ba5702616c7af542
work_keys_str_mv	AT janakotulova currentadenosinergictherapieswhatdocancercellsstandtogainandlose AT marianhajduch currentadenosinergictherapieswhatdocancercellsstandtogainandlose AT petrdzubak currentadenosinergictherapieswhatdocancercellsstandtogainandlose
_version_	1718411796559167488

Current Adenosinergic Therapies: What Do Cancer Cells Stand to Gain and Lose?

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