The influence of experience on contest assessment strategies

Abstract Animal contest behaviour has been widely studied, yet major knowledge gaps remain concerning the information-gathering and decision-making processes used during encounters. The mutual assessment strategy, where the individual assesses its own fighting ability (Resource Holding Potential, RH...

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Autores principales:	Irene Camerlink, Simon P. Turner, Marianne Farish, Gareth Arnott
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/408bfe4e35124e02b8bf82f5291f2d1c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:408bfe4e35124e02b8bf82f5291f2d1c2021-12-02T15:05:04ZThe influence of experience on contest assessment strategies10.1038/s41598-017-15144-82045-2322https://doaj.org/article/408bfe4e35124e02b8bf82f5291f2d1c2017-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-15144-8https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Animal contest behaviour has been widely studied, yet major knowledge gaps remain concerning the information-gathering and decision-making processes used during encounters. The mutual assessment strategy, where the individual assesses its own fighting ability (Resource Holding Potential, RHP) and compares it to that of its opponent, is least understood. We hypothesise that individuals need experience of agonistic encounters to become proficient at mutual assessment. Pigs (Sus scrofa, n = 316) were contested twice. In between contests, animals did or did not (control) receive intense fighting experience. A substantial proportion of the contests reached an outcome with a clear winner without fighting. Non-escalation was highest in RHP asymmetric dyads of the second contest, irrespective of experience. In contest 1 (no experience) and in contest 2 for the experienced animals, costs increased with loser RHP and where unaffected by winner RHP, suggesting a self-assessment strategy. In contest 2 control dyads, which only had experience of one prior contest, a negative relation between winner RHP and costs suggested mutual assessment during the pre-escalation phase but not during escalated aggression. This reveals that a brief and relatively mild experience can be beneficial in the development of mutual assessment whereas profound experience may result in adoption of a self-assessment strategy.Irene CamerlinkSimon P. TurnerMarianne FarishGareth ArnottNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Irene Camerlink Simon P. Turner Marianne Farish Gareth Arnott The influence of experience on contest assessment strategies
description	Abstract Animal contest behaviour has been widely studied, yet major knowledge gaps remain concerning the information-gathering and decision-making processes used during encounters. The mutual assessment strategy, where the individual assesses its own fighting ability (Resource Holding Potential, RHP) and compares it to that of its opponent, is least understood. We hypothesise that individuals need experience of agonistic encounters to become proficient at mutual assessment. Pigs (Sus scrofa, n = 316) were contested twice. In between contests, animals did or did not (control) receive intense fighting experience. A substantial proportion of the contests reached an outcome with a clear winner without fighting. Non-escalation was highest in RHP asymmetric dyads of the second contest, irrespective of experience. In contest 1 (no experience) and in contest 2 for the experienced animals, costs increased with loser RHP and where unaffected by winner RHP, suggesting a self-assessment strategy. In contest 2 control dyads, which only had experience of one prior contest, a negative relation between winner RHP and costs suggested mutual assessment during the pre-escalation phase but not during escalated aggression. This reveals that a brief and relatively mild experience can be beneficial in the development of mutual assessment whereas profound experience may result in adoption of a self-assessment strategy.
format	article
author	Irene Camerlink Simon P. Turner Marianne Farish Gareth Arnott
author_facet	Irene Camerlink Simon P. Turner Marianne Farish Gareth Arnott
author_sort	Irene Camerlink
title	The influence of experience on contest assessment strategies
title_short	The influence of experience on contest assessment strategies
title_full	The influence of experience on contest assessment strategies
title_fullStr	The influence of experience on contest assessment strategies
title_full_unstemmed	The influence of experience on contest assessment strategies
title_sort	influence of experience on contest assessment strategies
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/408bfe4e35124e02b8bf82f5291f2d1c
work_keys_str_mv	AT irenecamerlink theinfluenceofexperienceoncontestassessmentstrategies AT simonpturner theinfluenceofexperienceoncontestassessmentstrategies AT mariannefarish theinfluenceofexperienceoncontestassessmentstrategies AT garetharnott theinfluenceofexperienceoncontestassessmentstrategies AT irenecamerlink influenceofexperienceoncontestassessmentstrategies AT simonpturner influenceofexperienceoncontestassessmentstrategies AT mariannefarish influenceofexperienceoncontestassessmentstrategies AT garetharnott influenceofexperienceoncontestassessmentstrategies
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The influence of experience on contest assessment strategies

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