Species specific anaesthetics for fish anaesthesia and euthanasia

Abstract There is a need to ensure that the care and welfare for fish maintained in the laboratory are to the highest standards. This extends to the use of anaesthetics for both scientific study, humane killing and euthanasia at end of life. An anaesthetic should not induce negative behaviours and f...

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Autores principales:	Gareth D. Readman, Stewart F. Owen, Toby G. Knowles, Joanna C. Murrell
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/40b3024cbec349dfaf9a24a232fb9fc6
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:40b3024cbec349dfaf9a24a232fb9fc62021-12-02T11:52:28ZSpecies specific anaesthetics for fish anaesthesia and euthanasia10.1038/s41598-017-06917-22045-2322https://doaj.org/article/40b3024cbec349dfaf9a24a232fb9fc62017-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-06917-2https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract There is a need to ensure that the care and welfare for fish maintained in the laboratory are to the highest standards. This extends to the use of anaesthetics for both scientific study, humane killing and euthanasia at end of life. An anaesthetic should not induce negative behaviours and fish should not seek to avoid the anaesthetic. Surprisingly little information is available to facilitate a humane choice of anaesthetic agent for fish despite over 100 years of use and the millions of fish currently held in thousands of laboratories worldwide. Using a chemotaxic choice chamber we found different species specific behavioural responses among four closely related fish species commonly held in the laboratory, exposed to three widely used anaesthetic agents. As previously found for zebrafish (Danio rerio), the use of MS-222 and benzocaine also appears to induce avoidance behaviours in medaka (Oryzias latipes); but etomidate could provide an alternative choice. Carp (Cyprinus carpio), although closely related to zebrafish showed avoidance behaviours to etomidate, but not benzocaine or MS-222; and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) showed no avoidance to the three agents tested. We were unable to ascertain avoidance responses in fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) and suggest different test paradigms are required for that species.Gareth D. ReadmanStewart F. OwenToby G. KnowlesJoanna C. MurrellNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-7 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Gareth D. Readman Stewart F. Owen Toby G. Knowles Joanna C. Murrell Species specific anaesthetics for fish anaesthesia and euthanasia
description	Abstract There is a need to ensure that the care and welfare for fish maintained in the laboratory are to the highest standards. This extends to the use of anaesthetics for both scientific study, humane killing and euthanasia at end of life. An anaesthetic should not induce negative behaviours and fish should not seek to avoid the anaesthetic. Surprisingly little information is available to facilitate a humane choice of anaesthetic agent for fish despite over 100 years of use and the millions of fish currently held in thousands of laboratories worldwide. Using a chemotaxic choice chamber we found different species specific behavioural responses among four closely related fish species commonly held in the laboratory, exposed to three widely used anaesthetic agents. As previously found for zebrafish (Danio rerio), the use of MS-222 and benzocaine also appears to induce avoidance behaviours in medaka (Oryzias latipes); but etomidate could provide an alternative choice. Carp (Cyprinus carpio), although closely related to zebrafish showed avoidance behaviours to etomidate, but not benzocaine or MS-222; and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) showed no avoidance to the three agents tested. We were unable to ascertain avoidance responses in fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) and suggest different test paradigms are required for that species.
format	article
author	Gareth D. Readman Stewart F. Owen Toby G. Knowles Joanna C. Murrell
author_facet	Gareth D. Readman Stewart F. Owen Toby G. Knowles Joanna C. Murrell
author_sort	Gareth D. Readman
title	Species specific anaesthetics for fish anaesthesia and euthanasia
title_short	Species specific anaesthetics for fish anaesthesia and euthanasia
title_full	Species specific anaesthetics for fish anaesthesia and euthanasia
title_fullStr	Species specific anaesthetics for fish anaesthesia and euthanasia
title_full_unstemmed	Species specific anaesthetics for fish anaesthesia and euthanasia
title_sort	species specific anaesthetics for fish anaesthesia and euthanasia
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/40b3024cbec349dfaf9a24a232fb9fc6
work_keys_str_mv	AT garethdreadman speciesspecificanaestheticsforfishanaesthesiaandeuthanasia AT stewartfowen speciesspecificanaestheticsforfishanaesthesiaandeuthanasia AT tobygknowles speciesspecificanaestheticsforfishanaesthesiaandeuthanasia AT joannacmurrell speciesspecificanaestheticsforfishanaesthesiaandeuthanasia
_version_	1718395042891038720

Species specific anaesthetics for fish anaesthesia and euthanasia

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