Bilateral Cranial Nerve VI Palsies in Cryptococcal Meningitis, HIV, and Syphilis: A Case Report

Introduction: Cranial nerve (CN) VI palsy is a common complaint seen in the emergency department (ED) and has a wide range of causes. Bilateral CN VI palsies are uncommon and appear to be associated with more severe complications. Case Report: A 29-year-old male presented to the ED from an ophthalmo...

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Autores principales:	Germaine Rival, Onyi Okorji, Rachael Kern, Preya Patel, Kate Fradeneck, Darragh Cullen
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	eScholarship Publishing, University of California 2021
Materias:	Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid RC86-88.9
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/40c2acf5d4e1426485716a6fad743958
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:40c2acf5d4e1426485716a6fad7439582021-11-23T20:02:52ZBilateral Cranial Nerve VI Palsies in Cryptococcal Meningitis, HIV, and Syphilis: A Case Report2474-252X10.5811/cpcem.2021.8.53347https://doaj.org/article/40c2acf5d4e1426485716a6fad7439582021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://escholarship.org/uc/item/9nr7735ghttps://doaj.org/toc/2474-252XIntroduction: Cranial nerve (CN) VI palsy is a common complaint seen in the emergency department (ED) and has a wide range of causes. Bilateral CN VI palsies are uncommon and appear to be associated with more severe complications. Case Report: A 29-year-old male presented to the ED from an ophthalmology office for diplopia, headache, and strabismus. He was found to have bilateral CN VI palsies and new-onset seizure in the ED. A lumbar puncture revealed cryptococcal meningitis. Additional tests revealed a new diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), and syphilis. Conclusion: Cryptococcal meningitis remains a life-threatening complication of HIV/AIDS. Coinfections with HIV, particularly syphilis, further complicate a patient’s prognosis as both can lead to devastating neurological sequelae. In cryptococcal meningitis, elevated intracranial pressure is a complication that can manifest as seizures, altered mental status, and cranial nerve palsies.Germaine RivalOnyi OkorjiRachael KernPreya PatelKate FradeneckDarragh CulleneScholarship Publishing, University of CaliforniaarticleMedical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aidRC86-88.9ENClinical Practice and Cases in Emergency Medicine, Vol 5, Iss 4 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid RC86-88.9
spellingShingle	Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid RC86-88.9 Germaine Rival Onyi Okorji Rachael Kern Preya Patel Kate Fradeneck Darragh Cullen Bilateral Cranial Nerve VI Palsies in Cryptococcal Meningitis, HIV, and Syphilis: A Case Report
description	Introduction: Cranial nerve (CN) VI palsy is a common complaint seen in the emergency department (ED) and has a wide range of causes. Bilateral CN VI palsies are uncommon and appear to be associated with more severe complications. Case Report: A 29-year-old male presented to the ED from an ophthalmology office for diplopia, headache, and strabismus. He was found to have bilateral CN VI palsies and new-onset seizure in the ED. A lumbar puncture revealed cryptococcal meningitis. Additional tests revealed a new diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), and syphilis. Conclusion: Cryptococcal meningitis remains a life-threatening complication of HIV/AIDS. Coinfections with HIV, particularly syphilis, further complicate a patient’s prognosis as both can lead to devastating neurological sequelae. In cryptococcal meningitis, elevated intracranial pressure is a complication that can manifest as seizures, altered mental status, and cranial nerve palsies.
format	article
author	Germaine Rival Onyi Okorji Rachael Kern Preya Patel Kate Fradeneck Darragh Cullen
author_facet	Germaine Rival Onyi Okorji Rachael Kern Preya Patel Kate Fradeneck Darragh Cullen
author_sort	Germaine Rival
title	Bilateral Cranial Nerve VI Palsies in Cryptococcal Meningitis, HIV, and Syphilis: A Case Report
title_short	Bilateral Cranial Nerve VI Palsies in Cryptococcal Meningitis, HIV, and Syphilis: A Case Report
title_full	Bilateral Cranial Nerve VI Palsies in Cryptococcal Meningitis, HIV, and Syphilis: A Case Report
title_fullStr	Bilateral Cranial Nerve VI Palsies in Cryptococcal Meningitis, HIV, and Syphilis: A Case Report
title_full_unstemmed	Bilateral Cranial Nerve VI Palsies in Cryptococcal Meningitis, HIV, and Syphilis: A Case Report
title_sort	bilateral cranial nerve vi palsies in cryptococcal meningitis, hiv, and syphilis: a case report
publisher	eScholarship Publishing, University of California
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/40c2acf5d4e1426485716a6fad743958
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Bilateral Cranial Nerve VI Palsies in Cryptococcal Meningitis, HIV, and Syphilis: A Case Report

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