Eyewitness identification performance is not affected by time-of-day optimality

Abstract The circadian rhythm regulates arousal levels throughout the day and determines optimal periods for engaging in mental activities. Individuals differ in the time of day at which they reach their peak: Morning-type individuals are at their best in the morning and evening types perform better...

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Autores principales:	Sergii Yaremenko, Melanie Sauerland, Lorraine Hope
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/40cb6f2bd5dd43929a3ff4f35582baa1
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:40cb6f2bd5dd43929a3ff4f35582baa12021-12-02T14:26:47ZEyewitness identification performance is not affected by time-of-day optimality10.1038/s41598-021-82628-z2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/40cb6f2bd5dd43929a3ff4f35582baa12021-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-82628-zhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The circadian rhythm regulates arousal levels throughout the day and determines optimal periods for engaging in mental activities. Individuals differ in the time of day at which they reach their peak: Morning-type individuals are at their best in the morning and evening types perform better in the evening. Performance in recall and recognition of non-facial stimuli is generally superior at an individual’s circadian peak. In two studies (Ns = 103 and 324), we tested the effect of time-of-testing optimality on eyewitness identification performance. Morning- and evening-type participants viewed stimulus films depicting staged crimes and made identification decisions from target-present and target-absent lineups either at their optimal or non-optimal time-of-day. We expected that participants would make more accurate identification decisions and that the confidence-accuracy and decision time-accuracy relationships would be stronger at optimal compared to non-optimal time of day. In Experiment 1, identification accuracy was unexpectedly superior at non-optimal compared to optimal time of day in target-present lineups. In Experiment 2, identification accuracy did not differ between the optimal and non-optimal time of day. Contrary to our expectations, confidence-accuracy relationship was generally stronger at non-optimal compared to optimal time of day. In line with our predictions, non-optimal testing eliminated decision-time-accuracy relationship in Experiment 1.Sergii YaremenkoMelanie SauerlandLorraine HopeNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-17 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Sergii Yaremenko Melanie Sauerland Lorraine Hope Eyewitness identification performance is not affected by time-of-day optimality
description	Abstract The circadian rhythm regulates arousal levels throughout the day and determines optimal periods for engaging in mental activities. Individuals differ in the time of day at which they reach their peak: Morning-type individuals are at their best in the morning and evening types perform better in the evening. Performance in recall and recognition of non-facial stimuli is generally superior at an individual’s circadian peak. In two studies (Ns = 103 and 324), we tested the effect of time-of-testing optimality on eyewitness identification performance. Morning- and evening-type participants viewed stimulus films depicting staged crimes and made identification decisions from target-present and target-absent lineups either at their optimal or non-optimal time-of-day. We expected that participants would make more accurate identification decisions and that the confidence-accuracy and decision time-accuracy relationships would be stronger at optimal compared to non-optimal time of day. In Experiment 1, identification accuracy was unexpectedly superior at non-optimal compared to optimal time of day in target-present lineups. In Experiment 2, identification accuracy did not differ between the optimal and non-optimal time of day. Contrary to our expectations, confidence-accuracy relationship was generally stronger at non-optimal compared to optimal time of day. In line with our predictions, non-optimal testing eliminated decision-time-accuracy relationship in Experiment 1.
format	article
author	Sergii Yaremenko Melanie Sauerland Lorraine Hope
author_facet	Sergii Yaremenko Melanie Sauerland Lorraine Hope
author_sort	Sergii Yaremenko
title	Eyewitness identification performance is not affected by time-of-day optimality
title_short	Eyewitness identification performance is not affected by time-of-day optimality
title_full	Eyewitness identification performance is not affected by time-of-day optimality
title_fullStr	Eyewitness identification performance is not affected by time-of-day optimality
title_full_unstemmed	Eyewitness identification performance is not affected by time-of-day optimality
title_sort	eyewitness identification performance is not affected by time-of-day optimality
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/40cb6f2bd5dd43929a3ff4f35582baa1
work_keys_str_mv	AT sergiiyaremenko eyewitnessidentificationperformanceisnotaffectedbytimeofdayoptimality AT melaniesauerland eyewitnessidentificationperformanceisnotaffectedbytimeofdayoptimality AT lorrainehope eyewitnessidentificationperformanceisnotaffectedbytimeofdayoptimality
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Eyewitness identification performance is not affected by time-of-day optimality

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