Diabetic Retinopathy and Insulin Insufficiency: Beta Cell Replacement as a Strategy to Prevent Blindness

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a potentially devastating complication of diabetes because it puts patients at risk of blindness. Diabetes is a common cause of blindness in the U.S. and worldwide and is dramatically increasing in global prevalence. Thus new approaches are needed to prevent this dreaded...

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Autor principal:	Eli Ipp
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	diabetes retinopathy beta cell (B-cell) insulin secretion beta cell failure Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology RC648-665
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/411542d5839347d2957888e5c186a895
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:411542d5839347d2957888e5c186a8952021-12-01T14:10:19ZDiabetic Retinopathy and Insulin Insufficiency: Beta Cell Replacement as a Strategy to Prevent Blindness1664-239210.3389/fendo.2021.734360https://doaj.org/article/411542d5839347d2957888e5c186a8952021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2021.734360/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1664-2392Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a potentially devastating complication of diabetes because it puts patients at risk of blindness. Diabetes is a common cause of blindness in the U.S. and worldwide and is dramatically increasing in global prevalence. Thus new approaches are needed to prevent this dreaded complication. There is extensive data that indicates beta cell secretory failure is a risk factor for DR, independent of its influence on glycemic control. This perspective article will provide evidence for insufficient endogenous insulin secretion as an important factor in the development of DR. The areas of evidence discussed are: (a) Presence of insulin receptors in the retina, (b) Clinical studies that show an association of beta cell insufficiency with DR, (c) Treatment with insulin in type 2 diabetes, a marker for endogenous insulin deficiency, is an independent risk factor for DR, (d) Recent clinical studies that link DR with an insulin deficient form of type 2 diabetes, and (e) Beta cell replacement studies that demonstrate endogenous insulin prevents progression of DR. The cumulative data drive our conclusion that beta cell replacement will have an important role in preventing DR and/or mitigating its severity in both type 1 diabetes and insulinopenic type 2 diabetes.Eli IppFrontiers Media S.A.articlediabetesretinopathybeta cell (B-cell)insulin secretionbeta cell failureDiseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinologyRC648-665ENFrontiers in Endocrinology, Vol 12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	diabetes retinopathy beta cell (B-cell) insulin secretion beta cell failure Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology RC648-665
spellingShingle	diabetes retinopathy beta cell (B-cell) insulin secretion beta cell failure Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology RC648-665 Eli Ipp Diabetic Retinopathy and Insulin Insufficiency: Beta Cell Replacement as a Strategy to Prevent Blindness
description	Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a potentially devastating complication of diabetes because it puts patients at risk of blindness. Diabetes is a common cause of blindness in the U.S. and worldwide and is dramatically increasing in global prevalence. Thus new approaches are needed to prevent this dreaded complication. There is extensive data that indicates beta cell secretory failure is a risk factor for DR, independent of its influence on glycemic control. This perspective article will provide evidence for insufficient endogenous insulin secretion as an important factor in the development of DR. The areas of evidence discussed are: (a) Presence of insulin receptors in the retina, (b) Clinical studies that show an association of beta cell insufficiency with DR, (c) Treatment with insulin in type 2 diabetes, a marker for endogenous insulin deficiency, is an independent risk factor for DR, (d) Recent clinical studies that link DR with an insulin deficient form of type 2 diabetes, and (e) Beta cell replacement studies that demonstrate endogenous insulin prevents progression of DR. The cumulative data drive our conclusion that beta cell replacement will have an important role in preventing DR and/or mitigating its severity in both type 1 diabetes and insulinopenic type 2 diabetes.
format	article
author	Eli Ipp
author_facet	Eli Ipp
author_sort	Eli Ipp
title	Diabetic Retinopathy and Insulin Insufficiency: Beta Cell Replacement as a Strategy to Prevent Blindness
title_short	Diabetic Retinopathy and Insulin Insufficiency: Beta Cell Replacement as a Strategy to Prevent Blindness
title_full	Diabetic Retinopathy and Insulin Insufficiency: Beta Cell Replacement as a Strategy to Prevent Blindness
title_fullStr	Diabetic Retinopathy and Insulin Insufficiency: Beta Cell Replacement as a Strategy to Prevent Blindness
title_full_unstemmed	Diabetic Retinopathy and Insulin Insufficiency: Beta Cell Replacement as a Strategy to Prevent Blindness
title_sort	diabetic retinopathy and insulin insufficiency: beta cell replacement as a strategy to prevent blindness
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/411542d5839347d2957888e5c186a895
work_keys_str_mv	AT eliipp diabeticretinopathyandinsulininsufficiencybetacellreplacementasastrategytopreventblindness
_version_	1718405051974680576

Diabetic Retinopathy and Insulin Insufficiency: Beta Cell Replacement as a Strategy to Prevent Blindness

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