Monitoring and Analyzing Yield Gap in Africa through Soil Attribute Best Management Using Remote Sensing Approaches: A Review

Africa has the largest population growth rate in the world and an agricultural system characterized by the predominance of smallholder farmers. Improving food security in Africa will require a good understanding of farming systems yields as well as reducing yield gaps (i.e., the difference between p...

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Autores principales:	Keltoum Khechba, Ahmed Laamrani, Driss Dhiba, Khalil Misbah, Abdelghani Chehbouni
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	actual yield agriculture data analysis hyperspectral multispectral potential yield Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/4156995589a14429ad89f6f9058d9dbd
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:4156995589a14429ad89f6f9058d9dbd2021-11-25T18:54:40ZMonitoring and Analyzing Yield Gap in Africa through Soil Attribute Best Management Using Remote Sensing Approaches: A Review10.3390/rs132246022072-4292https://doaj.org/article/4156995589a14429ad89f6f9058d9dbd2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/22/4602https://doaj.org/toc/2072-4292Africa has the largest population growth rate in the world and an agricultural system characterized by the predominance of smallholder farmers. Improving food security in Africa will require a good understanding of farming systems yields as well as reducing yield gaps (i.e., the difference between potential yield and actual farmer yield). To this end, crop yield gap practices in African countries need to be understood to fill this gap while decreasing the environmental impacts of agricultural systems. For instance, the variability of yields has been demonstrated to be strongly controlled by soil fertilizer use, irrigation management, soil attribute, and the climate. Consequently, the quantitative assessment and mapping information of soil attributes such as nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), soil organic carbon (SOC), moisture content (MC), and soil texture (i.e., clay, sand and silt contents) on the ground are essential to potentially reducing the yield gap. However, to assess, measure, and monitor these soil yield-related parameters in the field, there is a need for rapid, accurate, and inexpensive methods. Recent advances in remote sensing technologies and high computational performances offer a unique opportunity to implement cost-effective spatiotemporal methods for estimating crop yield with important levels of scalability. However, researchers and scientists in Africa are not taking advantage of the opportunity of increasingly available geospatial remote sensing technologies and data for yield studies. The objectives of this report are to (i) conduct a review of scientific literature on the current status of African yield gap analysis research and their variation in regard to soil properties management by using remote sensing techniques; (ii) review and describe optimal yield practices in Africa; and (iii) identify gaps and limitations to higher yields in African smallholder farms and propose possible improvements. Our literature reviewed 80 publications and covered a period of 22 years (1998-2020) over many selected African countries with a potential yield improvement. Our results found that (i) the number of agriculture yield-focused remote sensing studies has gradually increased, with the largest proportion of studies published during the last 15 years; (ii) most studies were conducted exclusively using multispectral Landsat and Sentinel sensors; and (iii) over the past decade, hyperspectral imagery has contributed to a better understanding of yield gap analysis compared to multispectral imagery; (iv) soil nutrients (i.e., NPK) are not the main factor influencing the studied crop productivity in Africa, whereas clay, SOC, and soil pH were the most examined soil properties in prior papers.Keltoum KhechbaAhmed LaamraniDriss DhibaKhalil MisbahAbdelghani ChehbouniMDPI AGarticleactual yieldagriculturedata analysishyperspectralmultispectralpotential yieldScienceQENRemote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 4602, p 4602 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	actual yield agriculture data analysis hyperspectral multispectral potential yield Science Q
spellingShingle	actual yield agriculture data analysis hyperspectral multispectral potential yield Science Q Keltoum Khechba Ahmed Laamrani Driss Dhiba Khalil Misbah Abdelghani Chehbouni Monitoring and Analyzing Yield Gap in Africa through Soil Attribute Best Management Using Remote Sensing Approaches: A Review
description	Africa has the largest population growth rate in the world and an agricultural system characterized by the predominance of smallholder farmers. Improving food security in Africa will require a good understanding of farming systems yields as well as reducing yield gaps (i.e., the difference between potential yield and actual farmer yield). To this end, crop yield gap practices in African countries need to be understood to fill this gap while decreasing the environmental impacts of agricultural systems. For instance, the variability of yields has been demonstrated to be strongly controlled by soil fertilizer use, irrigation management, soil attribute, and the climate. Consequently, the quantitative assessment and mapping information of soil attributes such as nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), soil organic carbon (SOC), moisture content (MC), and soil texture (i.e., clay, sand and silt contents) on the ground are essential to potentially reducing the yield gap. However, to assess, measure, and monitor these soil yield-related parameters in the field, there is a need for rapid, accurate, and inexpensive methods. Recent advances in remote sensing technologies and high computational performances offer a unique opportunity to implement cost-effective spatiotemporal methods for estimating crop yield with important levels of scalability. However, researchers and scientists in Africa are not taking advantage of the opportunity of increasingly available geospatial remote sensing technologies and data for yield studies. The objectives of this report are to (i) conduct a review of scientific literature on the current status of African yield gap analysis research and their variation in regard to soil properties management by using remote sensing techniques; (ii) review and describe optimal yield practices in Africa; and (iii) identify gaps and limitations to higher yields in African smallholder farms and propose possible improvements. Our literature reviewed 80 publications and covered a period of 22 years (1998-2020) over many selected African countries with a potential yield improvement. Our results found that (i) the number of agriculture yield-focused remote sensing studies has gradually increased, with the largest proportion of studies published during the last 15 years; (ii) most studies were conducted exclusively using multispectral Landsat and Sentinel sensors; and (iii) over the past decade, hyperspectral imagery has contributed to a better understanding of yield gap analysis compared to multispectral imagery; (iv) soil nutrients (i.e., NPK) are not the main factor influencing the studied crop productivity in Africa, whereas clay, SOC, and soil pH were the most examined soil properties in prior papers.
format	article
author	Keltoum Khechba Ahmed Laamrani Driss Dhiba Khalil Misbah Abdelghani Chehbouni
author_facet	Keltoum Khechba Ahmed Laamrani Driss Dhiba Khalil Misbah Abdelghani Chehbouni
author_sort	Keltoum Khechba
title	Monitoring and Analyzing Yield Gap in Africa through Soil Attribute Best Management Using Remote Sensing Approaches: A Review
title_short	Monitoring and Analyzing Yield Gap in Africa through Soil Attribute Best Management Using Remote Sensing Approaches: A Review
title_full	Monitoring and Analyzing Yield Gap in Africa through Soil Attribute Best Management Using Remote Sensing Approaches: A Review
title_fullStr	Monitoring and Analyzing Yield Gap in Africa through Soil Attribute Best Management Using Remote Sensing Approaches: A Review
title_full_unstemmed	Monitoring and Analyzing Yield Gap in Africa through Soil Attribute Best Management Using Remote Sensing Approaches: A Review
title_sort	monitoring and analyzing yield gap in africa through soil attribute best management using remote sensing approaches: a review
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/4156995589a14429ad89f6f9058d9dbd
work_keys_str_mv	AT keltoumkhechba monitoringandanalyzingyieldgapinafricathroughsoilattributebestmanagementusingremotesensingapproachesareview AT ahmedlaamrani monitoringandanalyzingyieldgapinafricathroughsoilattributebestmanagementusingremotesensingapproachesareview AT drissdhiba monitoringandanalyzingyieldgapinafricathroughsoilattributebestmanagementusingremotesensingapproachesareview AT khalilmisbah monitoringandanalyzingyieldgapinafricathroughsoilattributebestmanagementusingremotesensingapproachesareview AT abdelghanichehbouni monitoringandanalyzingyieldgapinafricathroughsoilattributebestmanagementusingremotesensingapproachesareview
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Monitoring and Analyzing Yield Gap in Africa through Soil Attribute Best Management Using Remote Sensing Approaches: A Review

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