Antidiabetic and Nephroprotective Effects of Polysaccharide Extract from the Seaweed Caulerpa racemosa in High Fructose-Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Nephropathy

Meng Cao,1 Yan Li,1 Ademola C Famurewa,2 Opeyemi Joshua Olatunji3 1Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College, Xinxiang, Henan Province, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College o...

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Autores principales:	Cao M, Li Y, Famurewa AC, Olatunji OJ
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2021
Materias:	diabetes nephropathy hyperglycemia caulerpa racemosa polysaccharides Specialties of internal medicine RC581-951
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/415a4534e7964c33be42261d6a2e4b71
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:415a4534e7964c33be42261d6a2e4b712021-12-02T14:41:48ZAntidiabetic and Nephroprotective Effects of Polysaccharide Extract from the Seaweed Caulerpa racemosa in High Fructose-Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Nephropathy1178-7007https://doaj.org/article/415a4534e7964c33be42261d6a2e4b712021-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/antidiabetic-and-nephroprotective-effects-of-polysaccharide-extract-fr-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-DMSOhttps://doaj.org/toc/1178-7007Meng Cao,1 Yan Li,1 Ademola C Famurewa,2 Opeyemi Joshua Olatunji3 1Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College, Xinxiang, Henan Province, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ebonyi State, Nigeria; 3Faculty of Thai Traditional Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, ThailandCorrespondence: Opeyemi Joshua OlatunjiFaculty of Thai Traditional Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90110, ThailandEmail opeyemi.j@psu.ac.thBackground: Nephropathy is a frontline complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) associated with impaired redox-inflammatory networks. The study investigated the antidiabetic and nephroprotective potentials of PCR against diabetic nephropathy (DN) in rats.Methods: DN was induced in rats using a combination of a high fructose solution for 4 weeks and an intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (35 mg/kg). Diabetic rats were treated with PCR (100 and 400 mg/kg body weight) for 8 weeks. Serum biochemical parameters as well as renal oxidative stress parameters, proinflammatory cytokines, Western blot and histopathological analyses were evaluated.Results: There were significant increases in fasting blood glucose, urinary albumin, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and low-density lipoproteins (LDL-C) levels in diabetic rats compared to the non-diabetic control rats. DM-induced DN prominently depressed renal superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities, whereas renal malondialdehyde (MDA) level was markedly increased. Furthermore, renal inflammatory cytokines, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and TGF-β, were considerably elevated compared to non-diabetic control rats. Additionally, DN rats showed a significant increase in renal fibrosis, as evidenced by increased expression of TGF-β 1, collagen-1, fibronectin and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in the kidneys. Histopathological lesions were consistent with tubule thickening and glomerular hypertrophy. Conversely, PCR treatment exerted significant attenuation of hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia and renal oxidative stress indicators. The increased renal levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and TGF-β were also notably reversed dose-dependently with alleviation of nephropathic histology. Furthermore, PCR reduced the expression of α-SMA, fibronectin, collagen-1 and TGF-β 1 in the renal tissues.Conclusion: Our results suggest that PCR displayed antidiabetic and nephroprotective effects against DN by impeding oxidative stress and inflammation. As such, PCR has potentials as a food supplement for alleviating renal dysfunction caused by diabetes.Keywords: diabetes, nephropathy, hyperglycemia, Caulerpa racemosa, polysaccharidesCao MLi YFamurewa ACOlatunji OJDove Medical Pressarticlediabetesnephropathyhyperglycemiacaulerpa racemosapolysaccharidesSpecialties of internal medicineRC581-951ENDiabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy, Vol Volume 14, Pp 2121-2131 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	diabetes nephropathy hyperglycemia caulerpa racemosa polysaccharides Specialties of internal medicine RC581-951
spellingShingle	diabetes nephropathy hyperglycemia caulerpa racemosa polysaccharides Specialties of internal medicine RC581-951 Cao M Li Y Famurewa AC Olatunji OJ Antidiabetic and Nephroprotective Effects of Polysaccharide Extract from the Seaweed Caulerpa racemosa in High Fructose-Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Nephropathy
description	Meng Cao,1 Yan Li,1 Ademola C Famurewa,2 Opeyemi Joshua Olatunji3 1Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College, Xinxiang, Henan Province, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ebonyi State, Nigeria; 3Faculty of Thai Traditional Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, ThailandCorrespondence: Opeyemi Joshua OlatunjiFaculty of Thai Traditional Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90110, ThailandEmail opeyemi.j@psu.ac.thBackground: Nephropathy is a frontline complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) associated with impaired redox-inflammatory networks. The study investigated the antidiabetic and nephroprotective potentials of PCR against diabetic nephropathy (DN) in rats.Methods: DN was induced in rats using a combination of a high fructose solution for 4 weeks and an intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (35 mg/kg). Diabetic rats were treated with PCR (100 and 400 mg/kg body weight) for 8 weeks. Serum biochemical parameters as well as renal oxidative stress parameters, proinflammatory cytokines, Western blot and histopathological analyses were evaluated.Results: There were significant increases in fasting blood glucose, urinary albumin, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and low-density lipoproteins (LDL-C) levels in diabetic rats compared to the non-diabetic control rats. DM-induced DN prominently depressed renal superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities, whereas renal malondialdehyde (MDA) level was markedly increased. Furthermore, renal inflammatory cytokines, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and TGF-β, were considerably elevated compared to non-diabetic control rats. Additionally, DN rats showed a significant increase in renal fibrosis, as evidenced by increased expression of TGF-β 1, collagen-1, fibronectin and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in the kidneys. Histopathological lesions were consistent with tubule thickening and glomerular hypertrophy. Conversely, PCR treatment exerted significant attenuation of hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia and renal oxidative stress indicators. The increased renal levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and TGF-β were also notably reversed dose-dependently with alleviation of nephropathic histology. Furthermore, PCR reduced the expression of α-SMA, fibronectin, collagen-1 and TGF-β 1 in the renal tissues.Conclusion: Our results suggest that PCR displayed antidiabetic and nephroprotective effects against DN by impeding oxidative stress and inflammation. As such, PCR has potentials as a food supplement for alleviating renal dysfunction caused by diabetes.Keywords: diabetes, nephropathy, hyperglycemia, Caulerpa racemosa, polysaccharides
format	article
author	Cao M Li Y Famurewa AC Olatunji OJ
author_facet	Cao M Li Y Famurewa AC Olatunji OJ
author_sort	Cao M
title	Antidiabetic and Nephroprotective Effects of Polysaccharide Extract from the Seaweed Caulerpa racemosa in High Fructose-Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Nephropathy
title_short	Antidiabetic and Nephroprotective Effects of Polysaccharide Extract from the Seaweed Caulerpa racemosa in High Fructose-Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Nephropathy
title_full	Antidiabetic and Nephroprotective Effects of Polysaccharide Extract from the Seaweed Caulerpa racemosa in High Fructose-Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Nephropathy
title_fullStr	Antidiabetic and Nephroprotective Effects of Polysaccharide Extract from the Seaweed Caulerpa racemosa in High Fructose-Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Nephropathy
title_full_unstemmed	Antidiabetic and Nephroprotective Effects of Polysaccharide Extract from the Seaweed Caulerpa racemosa in High Fructose-Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Nephropathy
title_sort	antidiabetic and nephroprotective effects of polysaccharide extract from the seaweed caulerpa racemosa in high fructose-streptozotocin induced diabetic nephropathy
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/415a4534e7964c33be42261d6a2e4b71
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Antidiabetic and Nephroprotective Effects of Polysaccharide Extract from the Seaweed Caulerpa racemosa in High Fructose-Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Nephropathy

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