International vision requirements for driver licensing and disability pensions: using a milestone approach in characterization of progressive eye disease

Alain M Bron1, Ananth C Viswanathan2, Ulrich Thelen3, Renato de Natale4, Antonio Ferreras5, Jens Gundgaard6, Gail Schwartz7, Patricia Buchholz81Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital, Dijon, France; 2Glaucoma Research Unit, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and Department of Gen...

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Autores principales:	Alain M Bron, Ananth C Viswanathan, Ulrich Thelen, et al
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2010
Materias:	Ophthalmology RE1-994
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/415dcc2837fc4526a4da9a92e2b900b7
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:415dcc2837fc4526a4da9a92e2b900b72021-12-02T01:53:36ZInternational vision requirements for driver licensing and disability pensions: using a milestone approach in characterization of progressive eye disease1177-54671177-5483https://doaj.org/article/415dcc2837fc4526a4da9a92e2b900b72010-11-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.dovepress.com/international-vision-requirements-for-driver-licensing-and-disability--a5725https://doaj.org/toc/1177-5467https://doaj.org/toc/1177-5483Alain M Bron1, Ananth C Viswanathan2, Ulrich Thelen3, Renato de Natale4, Antonio Ferreras5, Jens Gundgaard6, Gail Schwartz7, Patricia Buchholz81Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital, Dijon, France; 2Glaucoma Research Unit, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and Department of Genetics, University College of London Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK; 3Private Practice, Munster, Germany; 4Ospedale Civile di Monselice, Monselice, Italy; 5Ophthalmology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain; 6COWI, Kolding, Denmark; 7Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Glaucoma Consultants, Baltimore, MD, USA; 8Patricia Buchholz Consulting, Karlsruhe, GermanyObjective: Low vision that causes forfeiture of driver&rsquo;s licenses and collection of disability pension benefits can lead to negative psychosocial and economic consequences. The purpose of this study was to review the requirements for holding a driver&rsquo;s license and rules for obtaining a disability pension due to low vision. Results highlight the possibility of using a milestone approach to describe progressive eye disease.Methods: Government and research reports, websites, and journal articles were evaluated to review rules and requirements in Germany, Spain, Italy, France, the UK, and the US.Results: Visual acuity limits are present in all driver&rsquo;s license regulations. In most countries, the visual acuity limit is 0.5. Visual field limits are included in some driver&rsquo;s license regulations. In Europe, binocular visual field requirements typically follow the European Union standard of &ge;120&deg;. In the US, the visual field requirements are typically between 110&deg; and 140&deg;. Some countries distinguish between being partially sighted and blind in the definition of legal blindness, and in others there is only one limit.Conclusions: Loss of driving privileges could be used as a milestone to monitor progressive eye disease. Forfeiture could be standardized as a best-corrected visual acuity of &lt;0.5 or visual field of &lt;120&deg;, which is consistent in most countries. However, requirements to receive disability pensions were too variable to standardize as milestones in progressive eye disease. Implementation of the World Health Organization criteria for low vision and blindness would help to establish better comparability between countries.Keywords: driver&rsquo;s license requirements, glaucoma, health outcomes, progressive eye disease Alain M BronAnanth C ViswanathanUlrich Thelenet alDove Medical PressarticleOphthalmologyRE1-994ENClinical Ophthalmology, Vol 2010, Iss default, Pp 1361-1369 (2010)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Ophthalmology RE1-994
spellingShingle	Ophthalmology RE1-994 Alain M Bron Ananth C Viswanathan Ulrich Thelen et al International vision requirements for driver licensing and disability pensions: using a milestone approach in characterization of progressive eye disease
description	Alain M Bron1, Ananth C Viswanathan2, Ulrich Thelen3, Renato de Natale4, Antonio Ferreras5, Jens Gundgaard6, Gail Schwartz7, Patricia Buchholz81Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital, Dijon, France; 2Glaucoma Research Unit, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and Department of Genetics, University College of London Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK; 3Private Practice, Munster, Germany; 4Ospedale Civile di Monselice, Monselice, Italy; 5Ophthalmology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain; 6COWI, Kolding, Denmark; 7Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Glaucoma Consultants, Baltimore, MD, USA; 8Patricia Buchholz Consulting, Karlsruhe, GermanyObjective: Low vision that causes forfeiture of driver&rsquo;s licenses and collection of disability pension benefits can lead to negative psychosocial and economic consequences. The purpose of this study was to review the requirements for holding a driver&rsquo;s license and rules for obtaining a disability pension due to low vision. Results highlight the possibility of using a milestone approach to describe progressive eye disease.Methods: Government and research reports, websites, and journal articles were evaluated to review rules and requirements in Germany, Spain, Italy, France, the UK, and the US.Results: Visual acuity limits are present in all driver&rsquo;s license regulations. In most countries, the visual acuity limit is 0.5. Visual field limits are included in some driver&rsquo;s license regulations. In Europe, binocular visual field requirements typically follow the European Union standard of &ge;120&deg;. In the US, the visual field requirements are typically between 110&deg; and 140&deg;. Some countries distinguish between being partially sighted and blind in the definition of legal blindness, and in others there is only one limit.Conclusions: Loss of driving privileges could be used as a milestone to monitor progressive eye disease. Forfeiture could be standardized as a best-corrected visual acuity of &lt;0.5 or visual field of &lt;120&deg;, which is consistent in most countries. However, requirements to receive disability pensions were too variable to standardize as milestones in progressive eye disease. Implementation of the World Health Organization criteria for low vision and blindness would help to establish better comparability between countries.Keywords: driver&rsquo;s license requirements, glaucoma, health outcomes, progressive eye disease
format	article
author	Alain M Bron Ananth C Viswanathan Ulrich Thelen et al
author_facet	Alain M Bron Ananth C Viswanathan Ulrich Thelen et al
author_sort	Alain M Bron
title	International vision requirements for driver licensing and disability pensions: using a milestone approach in characterization of progressive eye disease
title_short	International vision requirements for driver licensing and disability pensions: using a milestone approach in characterization of progressive eye disease
title_full	International vision requirements for driver licensing and disability pensions: using a milestone approach in characterization of progressive eye disease
title_fullStr	International vision requirements for driver licensing and disability pensions: using a milestone approach in characterization of progressive eye disease
title_full_unstemmed	International vision requirements for driver licensing and disability pensions: using a milestone approach in characterization of progressive eye disease
title_sort	international vision requirements for driver licensing and disability pensions: using a milestone approach in characterization of progressive eye disease
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2010
url	https://doaj.org/article/415dcc2837fc4526a4da9a92e2b900b7
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International vision requirements for driver licensing and disability pensions: using a milestone approach in characterization of progressive eye disease

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