Amblyopia Treatment Efficacy in Anisometropia

Hessa M Al Ammari, Fatemah T Al Shamlan Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus Department, Dhahran Eye Specialist Hospital, Dhahran, Saudi ArabiaCorrespondence: Fatemah T Al ShamlanDhahran Eye Specialist Hospital, 7630 H.E Ali Naimi Street, Aljamiah District, Dhahran 34257, Saudi ArabiaEmail Fatemah...

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Autores principales:	Al Ammari HM, Al Shamlan FT
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2019
Materias:	amblyopia anisometropia hyperopia myopia occlusion therapy penalization. Ophthalmology RE1-994
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/416e0fc68eaa4663a18e1dc25d609742
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:416e0fc68eaa4663a18e1dc25d6097422021-12-02T05:40:53ZAmblyopia Treatment Efficacy in Anisometropia1177-5483https://doaj.org/article/416e0fc68eaa4663a18e1dc25d6097422019-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/amblyopia-treatment-efficacy-in-anisometropia-peer-reviewed-article-OPTHhttps://doaj.org/toc/1177-5483Hessa M Al Ammari, Fatemah T Al Shamlan Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus Department, Dhahran Eye Specialist Hospital, Dhahran, Saudi ArabiaCorrespondence: Fatemah T Al ShamlanDhahran Eye Specialist Hospital, 7630 H.E Ali Naimi Street, Aljamiah District, Dhahran 34257, Saudi ArabiaEmail Fatemah.alshamlan@gmail.comPurpose: To compare the treatment efficacy of optical correction and occlusion therapy and/or penalization for different anisometropic refractive errors (hyperopic, myopic, and mixed).Methods: Medical records of 51 patients with anisometropic amblyopia managed by both optical correction and occlusion therapy and/or penalization were evaluated retrospectively. Patients were categorized into hyperopic, myopic or mixed anisometropia groups. Cycloplegic refraction, spherical anisometropia, baseline visual acuity, baseline interocular difference, final visual acuity and final interocular difference were analyzed to assess association between type of anisometropia with both resolution of anisometropic amblyopia and the time required to achieve it.Results: Baseline visual acuity of the amblyopic was 0.94±0.47 in the hyperopic group; 1.12±0.56, in the myopic group; and 1.08 ±0.39 in the mixed group. Final visual acuity in the amblyopic eye was 0.34±0.30 in the hyperopic group, 0.78±0.59 in the myopic group, and 0.78±0.56 in the mixed group. The difference in final visual acuity in the amblyopic eye between the groups was significant (P=0.014). The amblyopia was improved in 50% of patients in the hyperopic group, 23.8% in the myopic group, and 14.3% in the mixed group (P=0.081). The type of anisometropia was significantly associated with the improvement of visual acuity in the amblyopic eyes (P=0.044). The mean time for amblyopia improvement was 16.50±10.52 months in the hyperopic groups, 15.60±12.44 months in the myopic group, and 21.00±21.21 months in the mixed group (P=0.947).Conclusion: Lower amounts of hyperopic anisometropia are as amblyogenic as higher amounts of myopic or mixed anisometropia. Mean improvement in visual acuity of an amblyopic eye with both optical correction, occlusion therapy and/or penalization is higher in patients with hyperopic anisometropia in comparison with myopic or mixed anisometropia. No significant difference was found in the time required to achieve improvement between the study groups.Keywords: amblyopia, anisometropia, hyperopia, myopia, occlusion therapy, penalizationAl Ammari HMAl Shamlan FTDove Medical Pressarticleamblyopiaanisometropiahyperopiamyopiaocclusion therapypenalization.OphthalmologyRE1-994ENClinical Ophthalmology, Vol Volume 13, Pp 2395-2402 (2019)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	amblyopia anisometropia hyperopia myopia occlusion therapy penalization. Ophthalmology RE1-994
spellingShingle	amblyopia anisometropia hyperopia myopia occlusion therapy penalization. Ophthalmology RE1-994 Al Ammari HM Al Shamlan FT Amblyopia Treatment Efficacy in Anisometropia
description	Hessa M Al Ammari, Fatemah T Al Shamlan Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus Department, Dhahran Eye Specialist Hospital, Dhahran, Saudi ArabiaCorrespondence: Fatemah T Al ShamlanDhahran Eye Specialist Hospital, 7630 H.E Ali Naimi Street, Aljamiah District, Dhahran 34257, Saudi ArabiaEmail Fatemah.alshamlan@gmail.comPurpose: To compare the treatment efficacy of optical correction and occlusion therapy and/or penalization for different anisometropic refractive errors (hyperopic, myopic, and mixed).Methods: Medical records of 51 patients with anisometropic amblyopia managed by both optical correction and occlusion therapy and/or penalization were evaluated retrospectively. Patients were categorized into hyperopic, myopic or mixed anisometropia groups. Cycloplegic refraction, spherical anisometropia, baseline visual acuity, baseline interocular difference, final visual acuity and final interocular difference were analyzed to assess association between type of anisometropia with both resolution of anisometropic amblyopia and the time required to achieve it.Results: Baseline visual acuity of the amblyopic was 0.94±0.47 in the hyperopic group; 1.12±0.56, in the myopic group; and 1.08 ±0.39 in the mixed group. Final visual acuity in the amblyopic eye was 0.34±0.30 in the hyperopic group, 0.78±0.59 in the myopic group, and 0.78±0.56 in the mixed group. The difference in final visual acuity in the amblyopic eye between the groups was significant (P=0.014). The amblyopia was improved in 50% of patients in the hyperopic group, 23.8% in the myopic group, and 14.3% in the mixed group (P=0.081). The type of anisometropia was significantly associated with the improvement of visual acuity in the amblyopic eyes (P=0.044). The mean time for amblyopia improvement was 16.50±10.52 months in the hyperopic groups, 15.60±12.44 months in the myopic group, and 21.00±21.21 months in the mixed group (P=0.947).Conclusion: Lower amounts of hyperopic anisometropia are as amblyogenic as higher amounts of myopic or mixed anisometropia. Mean improvement in visual acuity of an amblyopic eye with both optical correction, occlusion therapy and/or penalization is higher in patients with hyperopic anisometropia in comparison with myopic or mixed anisometropia. No significant difference was found in the time required to achieve improvement between the study groups.Keywords: amblyopia, anisometropia, hyperopia, myopia, occlusion therapy, penalization
format	article
author	Al Ammari HM Al Shamlan FT
author_facet	Al Ammari HM Al Shamlan FT
author_sort	Al Ammari HM
title	Amblyopia Treatment Efficacy in Anisometropia
title_short	Amblyopia Treatment Efficacy in Anisometropia
title_full	Amblyopia Treatment Efficacy in Anisometropia
title_fullStr	Amblyopia Treatment Efficacy in Anisometropia
title_full_unstemmed	Amblyopia Treatment Efficacy in Anisometropia
title_sort	amblyopia treatment efficacy in anisometropia
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2019
url	https://doaj.org/article/416e0fc68eaa4663a18e1dc25d609742
work_keys_str_mv	AT alammarihm amblyopiatreatmentefficacyinanisometropia AT alshamlanft amblyopiatreatmentefficacyinanisometropia
_version_	1718400292299472896

Amblyopia Treatment Efficacy in Anisometropia

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