Longitudinal Microbiome Composition and Stability Correlate with Increased Weight and Length of Very-Low-Birth-Weight Infants

ABSTRACT The microbiomes of 83 preterm very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) infants and clinical covariates were analyzed weekly over the course of their initial neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) stay, with infant growth as the primary clinical outcome. Birth weight significantly correlated with increased...

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Autores principales:	Alyson L. Yee, Elizabeth Miller, Larry J. Dishaw, Jessica M. Gordon, Ming Ji, Samia Dutra, Thao T. B. Ho, Jack A. Gilbert, Maureen Groer
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2019
Materias:	VLBW infant infant growth infant microbiome longitudinal microbiome preterm birth Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/41857e41c21e459cb147914b6dffda80
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:41857e41c21e459cb147914b6dffda802021-12-02T19:47:34ZLongitudinal Microbiome Composition and Stability Correlate with Increased Weight and Length of Very-Low-Birth-Weight Infants10.1128/mSystems.00229-182379-5077https://doaj.org/article/41857e41c21e459cb147914b6dffda802019-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mSystems.00229-18https://doaj.org/toc/2379-5077ABSTRACT The microbiomes of 83 preterm very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) infants and clinical covariates were analyzed weekly over the course of their initial neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) stay, with infant growth as the primary clinical outcome. Birth weight significantly correlated with increased rate of weight gain in the first 6 weeks of life, while no significant relationship was observed between rate of weight gain and feeding type. Microbial diversity increased with age and was significantly correlated with weight gain and percentage of the mother’s own milk. As expected, infants who received antibiotics during their NICU stay had significantly lower alpha diversity than those who did not. Of those in the cohort, 25 were followed into childhood. Alpha diversity significantly increased between NICU discharge and age 2 years and between age 2 years and age 4 years, but the microbial alpha diversity of 4-year-old children was not significantly different from that of mothers. Infants who showed improved length over the course of their NICU stay had significantly more volatile microbial beta diversity results than and a significantly decreased microbial maturity index compared with infants who did not; interestingly, all infants who showed improved length during the NICU stay were delivered by Caesarean section. Microbial beta diversity results were significantly different between the time of the NICU stay and all other time points (for children who were 2 or 4 years old and mothers when their children were 2 or 4 years old). IMPORTANCE Preterm infants are at greater risk of microbial insult than full-term infants, including reduced exposure to maternal vaginal and enteric microbes, higher rates of formula feeding, invasive procedures, and administration of antibiotics and medications that alter gastrointestinal pH. This investigation of the VLBW infant microbiome over the course of the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) stay, and at ages 2 and 4 years, showed that the only clinical variables associated with significant differences in taxon abundance were weight gain during NICU stay (Klebsiella and Staphylococcus) and antibiotic administration (Streptococcus and Bifidobacterium). At 2 and 4 years of age, the microbiota of these VLBW infants became similar to the mothers’ microbiota. The number of microbial taxa shared between the infant or toddler and the mother varied, with least the overlap between infants and mothers. Overall, there was a significant association between the diversity and structure of the microbial community and infant weight and length gain in an at-risk childhood population. Author Video: An author video summary of this article is available.Alyson L. YeeElizabeth MillerLarry J. DishawJessica M. GordonMing JiSamia DutraThao T. B. HoJack A. GilbertMaureen GroerAmerican Society for MicrobiologyarticleVLBW infantinfant growthinfant microbiomelongitudinal microbiomepreterm birthMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmSystems, Vol 4, Iss 1 (2019)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	VLBW infant infant growth infant microbiome longitudinal microbiome preterm birth Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	VLBW infant infant growth infant microbiome longitudinal microbiome preterm birth Microbiology QR1-502 Alyson L. Yee Elizabeth Miller Larry J. Dishaw Jessica M. Gordon Ming Ji Samia Dutra Thao T. B. Ho Jack A. Gilbert Maureen Groer Longitudinal Microbiome Composition and Stability Correlate with Increased Weight and Length of Very-Low-Birth-Weight Infants
description	ABSTRACT The microbiomes of 83 preterm very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) infants and clinical covariates were analyzed weekly over the course of their initial neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) stay, with infant growth as the primary clinical outcome. Birth weight significantly correlated with increased rate of weight gain in the first 6 weeks of life, while no significant relationship was observed between rate of weight gain and feeding type. Microbial diversity increased with age and was significantly correlated with weight gain and percentage of the mother’s own milk. As expected, infants who received antibiotics during their NICU stay had significantly lower alpha diversity than those who did not. Of those in the cohort, 25 were followed into childhood. Alpha diversity significantly increased between NICU discharge and age 2 years and between age 2 years and age 4 years, but the microbial alpha diversity of 4-year-old children was not significantly different from that of mothers. Infants who showed improved length over the course of their NICU stay had significantly more volatile microbial beta diversity results than and a significantly decreased microbial maturity index compared with infants who did not; interestingly, all infants who showed improved length during the NICU stay were delivered by Caesarean section. Microbial beta diversity results were significantly different between the time of the NICU stay and all other time points (for children who were 2 or 4 years old and mothers when their children were 2 or 4 years old). IMPORTANCE Preterm infants are at greater risk of microbial insult than full-term infants, including reduced exposure to maternal vaginal and enteric microbes, higher rates of formula feeding, invasive procedures, and administration of antibiotics and medications that alter gastrointestinal pH. This investigation of the VLBW infant microbiome over the course of the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) stay, and at ages 2 and 4 years, showed that the only clinical variables associated with significant differences in taxon abundance were weight gain during NICU stay (Klebsiella and Staphylococcus) and antibiotic administration (Streptococcus and Bifidobacterium). At 2 and 4 years of age, the microbiota of these VLBW infants became similar to the mothers’ microbiota. The number of microbial taxa shared between the infant or toddler and the mother varied, with least the overlap between infants and mothers. Overall, there was a significant association between the diversity and structure of the microbial community and infant weight and length gain in an at-risk childhood population. Author Video: An author video summary of this article is available.
format	article
author	Alyson L. Yee Elizabeth Miller Larry J. Dishaw Jessica M. Gordon Ming Ji Samia Dutra Thao T. B. Ho Jack A. Gilbert Maureen Groer
author_facet	Alyson L. Yee Elizabeth Miller Larry J. Dishaw Jessica M. Gordon Ming Ji Samia Dutra Thao T. B. Ho Jack A. Gilbert Maureen Groer
author_sort	Alyson L. Yee
title	Longitudinal Microbiome Composition and Stability Correlate with Increased Weight and Length of Very-Low-Birth-Weight Infants
title_short	Longitudinal Microbiome Composition and Stability Correlate with Increased Weight and Length of Very-Low-Birth-Weight Infants
title_full	Longitudinal Microbiome Composition and Stability Correlate with Increased Weight and Length of Very-Low-Birth-Weight Infants
title_fullStr	Longitudinal Microbiome Composition and Stability Correlate with Increased Weight and Length of Very-Low-Birth-Weight Infants
title_full_unstemmed	Longitudinal Microbiome Composition and Stability Correlate with Increased Weight and Length of Very-Low-Birth-Weight Infants
title_sort	longitudinal microbiome composition and stability correlate with increased weight and length of very-low-birth-weight infants
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2019
url	https://doaj.org/article/41857e41c21e459cb147914b6dffda80
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Longitudinal Microbiome Composition and Stability Correlate with Increased Weight and Length of Very-Low-Birth-Weight Infants

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