Urinary estrogen metabolites and self-reported infertility in women infected with Schistosoma haematobium.
<h4>Background</h4>Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease, endemic in 76 countries, that afflicts more than 240 million people. The impact of schistosomiasis on infertility may be underestimated according to recent literature. Extracts of Schistosoma haematobium include estrogen...
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oai:doaj.org-article:4192bb4323754d8690bd4a00192cad6c2021-11-18T08:18:26ZUrinary estrogen metabolites and self-reported infertility in women infected with Schistosoma haematobium.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0096774https://doaj.org/article/4192bb4323754d8690bd4a00192cad6c2014-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/24848950/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease, endemic in 76 countries, that afflicts more than 240 million people. The impact of schistosomiasis on infertility may be underestimated according to recent literature. Extracts of Schistosoma haematobium include estrogen-like metabolites termed catechol-estrogens that down regulate estrogen receptors alpha and beta in estrogen responsive cells. In addition, schistosome derived catechol-estrogens induce genotoxicity that result in estrogen-DNA adducts. These catechol estrogens and the catechol-estrogen-DNA adducts can be isolated from sera of people infected with S. haematobium. The aim of this study was to study infertility in females infected with S. haematobium and its association with the presence of schistosome-derived catechol-estrogens.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>A cross-sectional study was undertaken of female residents of a region in Bengo province, Angola, endemic for schistosomiasis haematobia. Ninety-three women and girls, aged from two (parents interviewed) to 94 years were interviewed on present and previous urinary, urogenital and gynecological symptoms and complaints. Urine was collected from the participants for egg-based parasitological assessment of schistosome infection, and for liquid chromatography diode array detection electron spray ionization mass spectrometry (LC/UV-DAD/ESI-MSn) to investigate estrogen metabolites in the urine. Novel estrogen-like metabolites, potentially of schistosome origin, were detected in the urine of participants who were positive for eggs of S. haematobium, but not detected in urines negative for S. haematobium eggs. The catechol-estrogens/ DNA adducts were significantly associated with schistosomiasis (OR 3.35; 95% CI 2.32-4.84; P≤0.001). In addition, presence of these metabolites was positively associated with infertility (OR 4.33; 95% CI 1.13-16.70; P≤0.05).<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>Estrogen metabolites occur widely in diverse metabolic pathways. In view of the statistically significant association between catechol-estrogens/ DNA adducts and self-reported infertility, we propose that an estrogen-DNA adduct mediated pathway in S. haematobium-induced ovarian hormonal deregulation could be involved. In addition, the catechol-estrogens/ DNA adducts described here represent potential biomarkers for schistosomiasis haematobia.Júlio SantosMaria João GouveiaNuno ValeMaria de Lurdes DelgadoAna GonçalvesJosé M Teixeira da SilvaCristiano OliveiraPedro XavierPaula GomesLúcio L SantosCarlos LopesAlberto BarrosGabriel RinaldiPaul J BrindleyJosé M Correia da CostaMário SousaMónica C BotelhoPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 9, Iss 5, p e96774 (2014) |
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Medicine R Science Q Júlio Santos Maria João Gouveia Nuno Vale Maria de Lurdes Delgado Ana Gonçalves José M Teixeira da Silva Cristiano Oliveira Pedro Xavier Paula Gomes Lúcio L Santos Carlos Lopes Alberto Barros Gabriel Rinaldi Paul J Brindley José M Correia da Costa Mário Sousa Mónica C Botelho Urinary estrogen metabolites and self-reported infertility in women infected with Schistosoma haematobium. |
| description |
<h4>Background</h4>Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease, endemic in 76 countries, that afflicts more than 240 million people. The impact of schistosomiasis on infertility may be underestimated according to recent literature. Extracts of Schistosoma haematobium include estrogen-like metabolites termed catechol-estrogens that down regulate estrogen receptors alpha and beta in estrogen responsive cells. In addition, schistosome derived catechol-estrogens induce genotoxicity that result in estrogen-DNA adducts. These catechol estrogens and the catechol-estrogen-DNA adducts can be isolated from sera of people infected with S. haematobium. The aim of this study was to study infertility in females infected with S. haematobium and its association with the presence of schistosome-derived catechol-estrogens.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>A cross-sectional study was undertaken of female residents of a region in Bengo province, Angola, endemic for schistosomiasis haematobia. Ninety-three women and girls, aged from two (parents interviewed) to 94 years were interviewed on present and previous urinary, urogenital and gynecological symptoms and complaints. Urine was collected from the participants for egg-based parasitological assessment of schistosome infection, and for liquid chromatography diode array detection electron spray ionization mass spectrometry (LC/UV-DAD/ESI-MSn) to investigate estrogen metabolites in the urine. Novel estrogen-like metabolites, potentially of schistosome origin, were detected in the urine of participants who were positive for eggs of S. haematobium, but not detected in urines negative for S. haematobium eggs. The catechol-estrogens/ DNA adducts were significantly associated with schistosomiasis (OR 3.35; 95% CI 2.32-4.84; P≤0.001). In addition, presence of these metabolites was positively associated with infertility (OR 4.33; 95% CI 1.13-16.70; P≤0.05).<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>Estrogen metabolites occur widely in diverse metabolic pathways. In view of the statistically significant association between catechol-estrogens/ DNA adducts and self-reported infertility, we propose that an estrogen-DNA adduct mediated pathway in S. haematobium-induced ovarian hormonal deregulation could be involved. In addition, the catechol-estrogens/ DNA adducts described here represent potential biomarkers for schistosomiasis haematobia. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Júlio Santos Maria João Gouveia Nuno Vale Maria de Lurdes Delgado Ana Gonçalves José M Teixeira da Silva Cristiano Oliveira Pedro Xavier Paula Gomes Lúcio L Santos Carlos Lopes Alberto Barros Gabriel Rinaldi Paul J Brindley José M Correia da Costa Mário Sousa Mónica C Botelho |
| author_facet |
Júlio Santos Maria João Gouveia Nuno Vale Maria de Lurdes Delgado Ana Gonçalves José M Teixeira da Silva Cristiano Oliveira Pedro Xavier Paula Gomes Lúcio L Santos Carlos Lopes Alberto Barros Gabriel Rinaldi Paul J Brindley José M Correia da Costa Mário Sousa Mónica C Botelho |
| author_sort |
Júlio Santos |
| title |
Urinary estrogen metabolites and self-reported infertility in women infected with Schistosoma haematobium. |
| title_short |
Urinary estrogen metabolites and self-reported infertility in women infected with Schistosoma haematobium. |
| title_full |
Urinary estrogen metabolites and self-reported infertility in women infected with Schistosoma haematobium. |
| title_fullStr |
Urinary estrogen metabolites and self-reported infertility in women infected with Schistosoma haematobium. |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Urinary estrogen metabolites and self-reported infertility in women infected with Schistosoma haematobium. |
| title_sort |
urinary estrogen metabolites and self-reported infertility in women infected with schistosoma haematobium. |
| publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| publishDate |
2014 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/4192bb4323754d8690bd4a00192cad6c |
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