Batch test to evaluate microbial disinfectant decay and the onset of nitrification

A batch test procedure was investigated to provide insight into the microbial contribution to disinfectant decay in drinking water distribution systems using chloramines. A modified method for determining the critical threshold residual (CTR), the intersection point on a semi-log plot between first-...

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Autores principales:	Daniel B. Scott, Michele I. Van Dyke, William B. Anderson, Patrick W. King, Peter M. Huck
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	IWA Publishing 2021
Materias:	chloramine chlorine residual critical threshold residual decay curve microbial decay factor nitrification Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066 Environmental sciences GE1-350
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/41dc65168d054940aeee76f44ab47f87
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:41dc65168d054940aeee76f44ab47f872021-11-05T17:19:32ZBatch test to evaluate microbial disinfectant decay and the onset of nitrification2709-80282709-803610.2166/aqua.2021.060https://doaj.org/article/41dc65168d054940aeee76f44ab47f872021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttp://aqua.iwaponline.com/content/70/7/1012https://doaj.org/toc/2709-8028https://doaj.org/toc/2709-8036A batch test procedure was investigated to provide insight into the microbial contribution to disinfectant decay in drinking water distribution systems using chloramines. A modified method for determining the critical threshold residual (CTR), the intersection point on a semi-log plot between first-order total chlorine fitted decay curves before and after the breakpoint, was developed. Unlike the CTR as originally defined, initial sample conditions were retained rather than artificially raising the monochloramine concentrations. The CTR calculated with this modified method can more easily be applied to distribution system scenarios. In addition, four types of decay curves were identified and could distinguish differences in the microbial contribution to disinfectant residual decay. This study revealed that chloramine decay batch tests should be evaluated based on decay curve type, decay rates, and the CTR value, in addition to the microbial decay factor, which has been used alone in previous studies. The batch test approach and evaluation criteria established here can be used to predict conditions favorable for rapid chloramine decay and nitrification, and that monitoring and control strategies should be implemented. HIGHLIGHTS The developed batch test procedure distinguishes between chemical and microbial contributions to chloramine decay and determines nitrification potential.; The critical threshold residual (CTR) was identified as the intersection of fitted first-order total chlorine decay curves before and after a breakpoint.; Batch tests were evaluated by decay curve type, decay curve rate, CTR, and microbial decay factor.;Daniel B. ScottMichele I. Van DykeWilliam B. AndersonPatrick W. KingPeter M. HuckIWA Publishingarticlechloraminechlorine residualcritical threshold residualdecay curvemicrobial decay factornitrificationEnvironmental technology. Sanitary engineeringTD1-1066Environmental sciencesGE1-350ENAqua, Vol 70, Iss 7, Pp 1012-1023 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	chloramine chlorine residual critical threshold residual decay curve microbial decay factor nitrification Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066 Environmental sciences GE1-350
spellingShingle	chloramine chlorine residual critical threshold residual decay curve microbial decay factor nitrification Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Daniel B. Scott Michele I. Van Dyke William B. Anderson Patrick W. King Peter M. Huck Batch test to evaluate microbial disinfectant decay and the onset of nitrification
description	A batch test procedure was investigated to provide insight into the microbial contribution to disinfectant decay in drinking water distribution systems using chloramines. A modified method for determining the critical threshold residual (CTR), the intersection point on a semi-log plot between first-order total chlorine fitted decay curves before and after the breakpoint, was developed. Unlike the CTR as originally defined, initial sample conditions were retained rather than artificially raising the monochloramine concentrations. The CTR calculated with this modified method can more easily be applied to distribution system scenarios. In addition, four types of decay curves were identified and could distinguish differences in the microbial contribution to disinfectant residual decay. This study revealed that chloramine decay batch tests should be evaluated based on decay curve type, decay rates, and the CTR value, in addition to the microbial decay factor, which has been used alone in previous studies. The batch test approach and evaluation criteria established here can be used to predict conditions favorable for rapid chloramine decay and nitrification, and that monitoring and control strategies should be implemented. HIGHLIGHTS The developed batch test procedure distinguishes between chemical and microbial contributions to chloramine decay and determines nitrification potential.; The critical threshold residual (CTR) was identified as the intersection of fitted first-order total chlorine decay curves before and after a breakpoint.; Batch tests were evaluated by decay curve type, decay curve rate, CTR, and microbial decay factor.;
format	article
author	Daniel B. Scott Michele I. Van Dyke William B. Anderson Patrick W. King Peter M. Huck
author_facet	Daniel B. Scott Michele I. Van Dyke William B. Anderson Patrick W. King Peter M. Huck
author_sort	Daniel B. Scott
title	Batch test to evaluate microbial disinfectant decay and the onset of nitrification
title_short	Batch test to evaluate microbial disinfectant decay and the onset of nitrification
title_full	Batch test to evaluate microbial disinfectant decay and the onset of nitrification
title_fullStr	Batch test to evaluate microbial disinfectant decay and the onset of nitrification
title_full_unstemmed	Batch test to evaluate microbial disinfectant decay and the onset of nitrification
title_sort	batch test to evaluate microbial disinfectant decay and the onset of nitrification
publisher	IWA Publishing
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/41dc65168d054940aeee76f44ab47f87
work_keys_str_mv	AT danielbscott batchtesttoevaluatemicrobialdisinfectantdecayandtheonsetofnitrification AT micheleivandyke batchtesttoevaluatemicrobialdisinfectantdecayandtheonsetofnitrification AT williambanderson batchtesttoevaluatemicrobialdisinfectantdecayandtheonsetofnitrification AT patrickwking batchtesttoevaluatemicrobialdisinfectantdecayandtheonsetofnitrification AT petermhuck batchtesttoevaluatemicrobialdisinfectantdecayandtheonsetofnitrification
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Batch test to evaluate microbial disinfectant decay and the onset of nitrification

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