Effects of Early, Small-Scale Nitrogen Addition on Germination and Early Growth of Scots Pine <i>(Pinus sylvestris)</i> Seedlings and on the Recruitment of the Root-Associated Fungal Community

Scots pine (<i>Pinus sylvestris</i> L.) is one of the most economically important species to the Swedish forest industry, and cost-efficient planting methods are needed to ensure successful reestablishment after harvesting forest stands. While the majority of clear-cuts are replanted wit...

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Autores principales:	David Castro, Andreas N. Schneider, Mattias Holmlund, Torgny Näsholm, Nathaniel R. Street, Vaughan Hurry
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	boreal forest clear-cut fungal community composition ectomycorrhiza Scots pine nitrogen addition Plant ecology QK900-989
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/41f464acb5c74479b6939e3c90626748
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:41f464acb5c74479b6939e3c906267482021-11-25T17:39:13ZEffects of Early, Small-Scale Nitrogen Addition on Germination and Early Growth of Scots Pine <i>(Pinus sylvestris)</i> Seedlings and on the Recruitment of the Root-Associated Fungal Community10.3390/f121115891999-4907https://doaj.org/article/41f464acb5c74479b6939e3c906267482021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/12/11/1589https://doaj.org/toc/1999-4907Scots pine (<i>Pinus sylvestris</i> L.) is one of the most economically important species to the Swedish forest industry, and cost-efficient planting methods are needed to ensure successful reestablishment after harvesting forest stands. While the majority of clear-cuts are replanted with pre-grown seedlings, direct seeding can be a viable option on poorer sites. Organic fertilizer has been shown to improve planted seedling establishment, but the effect on direct seeding is less well known. Therefore, at a scarified (disc trencher harrowed) clear-cut site in northern Sweden, we evaluated the effect of early, small-scale nitrogen addition on establishment and early recruitment of fungi from the disturbed soil community by site-planted Scots pine seeds. Individual seeds were planted using a moisture retaining germination matrix containing 10 mg nitrogen in the form of either arginine phosphate or ammonium nitrate. After one growing season, we collected seedlings and assessed the fungal community of seedling roots and the surrounding soil. Our results demonstrate that early, small-scale N addition increases seedling survival and needle carbon content, that there is rapid recruitment of ectomycorrhizal fungi to the roots and rhizosphere of the young seedlings and that this rapid recruitment was modified but not prevented by N addition.David CastroAndreas N. SchneiderMattias HolmlundTorgny NäsholmNathaniel R. StreetVaughan HurryMDPI AGarticleboreal forestclear-cutfungal community compositionectomycorrhizaScots pinenitrogen additionPlant ecologyQK900-989ENForests, Vol 12, Iss 1589, p 1589 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	boreal forest clear-cut fungal community composition ectomycorrhiza Scots pine nitrogen addition Plant ecology QK900-989
spellingShingle	boreal forest clear-cut fungal community composition ectomycorrhiza Scots pine nitrogen addition Plant ecology QK900-989 David Castro Andreas N. Schneider Mattias Holmlund Torgny Näsholm Nathaniel R. Street Vaughan Hurry Effects of Early, Small-Scale Nitrogen Addition on Germination and Early Growth of Scots Pine <i>(Pinus sylvestris)</i> Seedlings and on the Recruitment of the Root-Associated Fungal Community
description	Scots pine (<i>Pinus sylvestris</i> L.) is one of the most economically important species to the Swedish forest industry, and cost-efficient planting methods are needed to ensure successful reestablishment after harvesting forest stands. While the majority of clear-cuts are replanted with pre-grown seedlings, direct seeding can be a viable option on poorer sites. Organic fertilizer has been shown to improve planted seedling establishment, but the effect on direct seeding is less well known. Therefore, at a scarified (disc trencher harrowed) clear-cut site in northern Sweden, we evaluated the effect of early, small-scale nitrogen addition on establishment and early recruitment of fungi from the disturbed soil community by site-planted Scots pine seeds. Individual seeds were planted using a moisture retaining germination matrix containing 10 mg nitrogen in the form of either arginine phosphate or ammonium nitrate. After one growing season, we collected seedlings and assessed the fungal community of seedling roots and the surrounding soil. Our results demonstrate that early, small-scale N addition increases seedling survival and needle carbon content, that there is rapid recruitment of ectomycorrhizal fungi to the roots and rhizosphere of the young seedlings and that this rapid recruitment was modified but not prevented by N addition.
format	article
author	David Castro Andreas N. Schneider Mattias Holmlund Torgny Näsholm Nathaniel R. Street Vaughan Hurry
author_facet	David Castro Andreas N. Schneider Mattias Holmlund Torgny Näsholm Nathaniel R. Street Vaughan Hurry
author_sort	David Castro
title	Effects of Early, Small-Scale Nitrogen Addition on Germination and Early Growth of Scots Pine <i>(Pinus sylvestris)</i> Seedlings and on the Recruitment of the Root-Associated Fungal Community
title_short	Effects of Early, Small-Scale Nitrogen Addition on Germination and Early Growth of Scots Pine <i>(Pinus sylvestris)</i> Seedlings and on the Recruitment of the Root-Associated Fungal Community
title_full	Effects of Early, Small-Scale Nitrogen Addition on Germination and Early Growth of Scots Pine <i>(Pinus sylvestris)</i> Seedlings and on the Recruitment of the Root-Associated Fungal Community
title_fullStr	Effects of Early, Small-Scale Nitrogen Addition on Germination and Early Growth of Scots Pine <i>(Pinus sylvestris)</i> Seedlings and on the Recruitment of the Root-Associated Fungal Community
title_full_unstemmed	Effects of Early, Small-Scale Nitrogen Addition on Germination and Early Growth of Scots Pine <i>(Pinus sylvestris)</i> Seedlings and on the Recruitment of the Root-Associated Fungal Community
title_sort	effects of early, small-scale nitrogen addition on germination and early growth of scots pine <i>(pinus sylvestris)</i> seedlings and on the recruitment of the root-associated fungal community
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/41f464acb5c74479b6939e3c90626748
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Effects of Early, Small-Scale Nitrogen Addition on Germination and Early Growth of Scots Pine <i>(Pinus sylvestris)</i> Seedlings and on the Recruitment of the Root-Associated Fungal Community

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