Disability and self-care living strategies among adults living with HIV during the COVID-19 pandemic

Abstract Background Events associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, such as physical distancing, closure of community services, postponement of health appointments, and loss of employment can lead to social isolation, financial uncertainty, and interruption of antiretroviral adherence, resulting in ad...

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Autores principales:	Kelly K. O’Brien, Ahmed M. Bayoumi, Soo Chan Carusone, Aileen M. Davis, Rachel Aubry, Lisa Avery, Patricia Solomon, Kristine M. Erlandson, Colm Bergin, Richard Harding, Darren A. Brown, Jaime H. Vera, Steven E. Hanna
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	BMC 2021
Materias:	HIV/AIDS COVID-19 pandemic Web-based survey Disability Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/41fefdc409084958a5074e04a08a04df
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:41fefdc409084958a5074e04a08a04df2021-11-21T12:05:00ZDisability and self-care living strategies among adults living with HIV during the COVID-19 pandemic10.1186/s12981-021-00413-41742-6405https://doaj.org/article/41fefdc409084958a5074e04a08a04df2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12981-021-00413-4https://doaj.org/toc/1742-6405Abstract Background Events associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, such as physical distancing, closure of community services, postponement of health appointments, and loss of employment can lead to social isolation, financial uncertainty, and interruption of antiretroviral adherence, resulting in additional health-related challenges (disability) experienced among adults living with chronic illness such as HIV. ‘Living strategies’ is a concept derived from the perspectives of people living with HIV, defined as behaviors, attitudes and beliefs adopted by people living with HIV to help deal with disability associated with HIV and multi-morbidity. Our aim was to describe disability among adults living with HIV and self-care living strategies used during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods Adults living with HIV in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, including some with pre-pandemic HIV Disability Questionnaire (HDQ) data, completed a cross-sectional web-based survey between June–August 2020. The survey included the HDQ and questions about self-care living strategy use during the pandemic. We compared disability (HDQ) scores prior to versus during the pandemic using paired t-tests. We reported the proportion of participants who engaged in various living strategies at least ‘a few times a week’ or ‘everyday’ during the pandemic. Results Of the 63 respondents, 84% were men, median age 57 years, and 62% lived alone. During the pandemic the greatest disability severity was in the uncertainty [median 30; Interquartile range (IQR): 16, 43] and mental-emotional (25; IQR: 14, 41) domains. Among the 51 participants with pre-pandemic data, HDQ severity scores were significantly greater (worse) during the pandemic (vs prior) in all domains. Greatest change from prior to during the pandemic was in the mental-emotional domain for presence (17.7; p < 0.001), severity (11.4; p < 0.001), and episodic nature (9.3; p < 0.05) of disability. Most participants (> 60%) reported engaging a ‘few times a week’ or ‘everyday’ in self-care strategies associated with maintaining sense of control and adopting positive attitudes and beliefs. Conclusions People living with HIV reported high levels of uncertainty and mental-emotional health challenges during the pandemic. Disability increased across all HDQ dimensions, with the greatest worsening in the mental-emotional health domain. Results provide an understanding of disability and self-care strategy use during the COVID-19 pandemic.Kelly K. O’BrienAhmed M. BayoumiSoo Chan CarusoneAileen M. DavisRachel AubryLisa AveryPatricia SolomonKristine M. ErlandsonColm BerginRichard HardingDarren A. BrownJaime H. VeraSteven E. HannaBMCarticleHIV/AIDSCOVID-19 pandemicWeb-based surveyDisabilityImmunologic diseases. AllergyRC581-607ENAIDS Research and Therapy, Vol 18, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	HIV/AIDS COVID-19 pandemic Web-based survey Disability Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607
spellingShingle	HIV/AIDS COVID-19 pandemic Web-based survey Disability Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Kelly K. O’Brien Ahmed M. Bayoumi Soo Chan Carusone Aileen M. Davis Rachel Aubry Lisa Avery Patricia Solomon Kristine M. Erlandson Colm Bergin Richard Harding Darren A. Brown Jaime H. Vera Steven E. Hanna Disability and self-care living strategies among adults living with HIV during the COVID-19 pandemic
description	Abstract Background Events associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, such as physical distancing, closure of community services, postponement of health appointments, and loss of employment can lead to social isolation, financial uncertainty, and interruption of antiretroviral adherence, resulting in additional health-related challenges (disability) experienced among adults living with chronic illness such as HIV. ‘Living strategies’ is a concept derived from the perspectives of people living with HIV, defined as behaviors, attitudes and beliefs adopted by people living with HIV to help deal with disability associated with HIV and multi-morbidity. Our aim was to describe disability among adults living with HIV and self-care living strategies used during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods Adults living with HIV in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, including some with pre-pandemic HIV Disability Questionnaire (HDQ) data, completed a cross-sectional web-based survey between June–August 2020. The survey included the HDQ and questions about self-care living strategy use during the pandemic. We compared disability (HDQ) scores prior to versus during the pandemic using paired t-tests. We reported the proportion of participants who engaged in various living strategies at least ‘a few times a week’ or ‘everyday’ during the pandemic. Results Of the 63 respondents, 84% were men, median age 57 years, and 62% lived alone. During the pandemic the greatest disability severity was in the uncertainty [median 30; Interquartile range (IQR): 16, 43] and mental-emotional (25; IQR: 14, 41) domains. Among the 51 participants with pre-pandemic data, HDQ severity scores were significantly greater (worse) during the pandemic (vs prior) in all domains. Greatest change from prior to during the pandemic was in the mental-emotional domain for presence (17.7; p < 0.001), severity (11.4; p < 0.001), and episodic nature (9.3; p < 0.05) of disability. Most participants (> 60%) reported engaging a ‘few times a week’ or ‘everyday’ in self-care strategies associated with maintaining sense of control and adopting positive attitudes and beliefs. Conclusions People living with HIV reported high levels of uncertainty and mental-emotional health challenges during the pandemic. Disability increased across all HDQ dimensions, with the greatest worsening in the mental-emotional health domain. Results provide an understanding of disability and self-care strategy use during the COVID-19 pandemic.
format	article
author	Kelly K. O’Brien Ahmed M. Bayoumi Soo Chan Carusone Aileen M. Davis Rachel Aubry Lisa Avery Patricia Solomon Kristine M. Erlandson Colm Bergin Richard Harding Darren A. Brown Jaime H. Vera Steven E. Hanna
author_facet	Kelly K. O’Brien Ahmed M. Bayoumi Soo Chan Carusone Aileen M. Davis Rachel Aubry Lisa Avery Patricia Solomon Kristine M. Erlandson Colm Bergin Richard Harding Darren A. Brown Jaime H. Vera Steven E. Hanna
author_sort	Kelly K. O’Brien
title	Disability and self-care living strategies among adults living with HIV during the COVID-19 pandemic
title_short	Disability and self-care living strategies among adults living with HIV during the COVID-19 pandemic
title_full	Disability and self-care living strategies among adults living with HIV during the COVID-19 pandemic
title_fullStr	Disability and self-care living strategies among adults living with HIV during the COVID-19 pandemic
title_full_unstemmed	Disability and self-care living strategies among adults living with HIV during the COVID-19 pandemic
title_sort	disability and self-care living strategies among adults living with hiv during the covid-19 pandemic
publisher	BMC
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/41fefdc409084958a5074e04a08a04df
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Disability and self-care living strategies among adults living with HIV during the COVID-19 pandemic

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