Environmental and cultured cyanobacteria as sources of Aedes aegypti larvicides
In tropical countries, the control of the mosquito Aedes aegypti is a public health priority due to its role as a vector of important viral diseases. Marine cyanobacteria are recognized as abundant sources of bioactive compounds, and they constitute a potential source of insecticides useful for c...
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| Formato: | article |
| Lenguaje: | EN ES |
| Publicado: |
Pontificia Universidad Javeriana
2019
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| Acceso en línea: | https://doaj.org/article/421b32452207436bbfbb6d1ecd3d13a4 |
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| Sumario: | In tropical countries, the control of the mosquito Aedes aegypti is a public health priority
due to its role as a vector of important viral diseases. Marine cyanobacteria are recognized
as abundant sources of bioactive compounds, and they constitute a potential source of
insecticides useful for controlling mosquito populations and preventing epidemic outbreaks.
We collected 30 benthic cyanobacterial mats in Providencia and Rosario islands (in the
Colombian Caribbean) belonging to the genera Phormidium, Symploca, Oscillatoria, Lyngbya,
Pseudoanabaena, Leptolyngbya, Moorea, and Dapis. Fractions of organic extracts from the most
abundant environmental samples were evaluated in three bioassays, assessing (i) larvicidal
activity against A. aegypti, (ii) toxicity against the brine shrimp (Artemia salina) nauplii, and
(iii) acetylcholinesterase inhibition. Non-polar fractions exhibited larvicidal activity. The
polar fraction from one Dapis pleuosa extract showed larvicidal activity without being toxic
against A. salina nauplii. Extracts from Moorea producens exhibited the greatest toxicity against
A. aegypti larvae and A. salina nauplii. From 23 cultured cyanobacterial samples, only five
grew under laboratory conditions and produced enough biomass to yield organic extracts. Of
these, three extracts showed strong larvicidal activity, but only the extract from Phormidium
tenue showed reduced toxicity against A. salina nauplii. We detected variation among the
chemical profiles and larvicidal activity of cyanobacterial consortia depending on sites and
dates of collection. Our findings suggest that despite variation in chemical profiles, extracts
of marine benthic cyanobacteria can be further developed as effective control agents against
insect vectors, in their larval stages. The culture of marine benthic cyanobacteria needs
to be further explored to provide enough biomass leading to the identification of bioactive
compounds with public health applications.
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