Socio-Demographic Variables, Fear of COVID-19, Anxiety, and Depression: Prevalence, Relationships and Explanatory Model in the General Population of Seven Latin American Countries
The COVID-19 pandemic has gravely impacted Latin America. A model was tested that evaluated the contribution of socio-demographic factors and fear of COVID-19 on anxiety and depression in samples of residents in seven Latin American countries (Argentina, Ecuador, Mexico, Paraguay, Uruguay, Colombia,...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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oai:doaj.org-article:421fc160dfd84aaa939abea6edda3a802021-11-05T13:38:32ZSocio-Demographic Variables, Fear of COVID-19, Anxiety, and Depression: Prevalence, Relationships and Explanatory Model in the General Population of Seven Latin American Countries1664-107810.3389/fpsyg.2021.695989https://doaj.org/article/421fc160dfd84aaa939abea6edda3a802021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.695989/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1664-1078The COVID-19 pandemic has gravely impacted Latin America. A model was tested that evaluated the contribution of socio-demographic factors and fear of COVID-19 on anxiety and depression in samples of residents in seven Latin American countries (Argentina, Ecuador, Mexico, Paraguay, Uruguay, Colombia, and El Salvador). A total of 4,881 individuals, selected by convenience sampling, participated in the study. Moderate and severe levels of depressive symptoms and anxiety were identified, as well as a moderate average level of fear of COVID-19. In addition, it was observed that about a quarter of the participants presented symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder and a major depressive episode. Fear of COVID-19 significantly and positively predicted anxiety and depressive symptoms, whereas the effects of socio-demographic variables are generally low [χ2(287) = 5936.96, p < 0.001; RMSEA = 0.064 [0.062, 0.065]; CFI = 0.947; and SRMR = 0.050]. This suggests the need for the implementation of preventive actions in the general population of these countries, with the aim of reducing the prevalence of depressive, anxious and fearful symptoms related to COVID-19.Tomás Caycho-RodríguezJosé M. TomásLindsey W. VilcaCarlos Carbajal-LeónMauricio CervigniMauricio CervigniMiguel GallegosMiguel GallegosMiguel GallegosPablo MartinoPablo MartinoIgnacio BarésManuel CalandraCésar Armando Rey AnaconaClaudio López-CalleRodrigo Moreta-HerreraEdgardo René Chacón-AndradeMarlon Elías Lobos-RiveraPerla del CarpioYazmín QuinteroErika RoblesMacerlo Panza LombardoOlivia Gamarra RecaldeAndrés Buschiazzo FigaresMichael WhiteCarmen Burgos VidelaFrontiers Media S.A.articleanxietydepressionfear of COVID-19Latin Americasocio-demographicPsychologyBF1-990ENFrontiers in Psychology, Vol 12 (2021) |
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DOAJ |
| collection |
DOAJ |
| language |
EN |
| topic |
anxiety depression fear of COVID-19 Latin America socio-demographic Psychology BF1-990 |
| spellingShingle |
anxiety depression fear of COVID-19 Latin America socio-demographic Psychology BF1-990 Tomás Caycho-Rodríguez José M. Tomás Lindsey W. Vilca Carlos Carbajal-León Mauricio Cervigni Mauricio Cervigni Miguel Gallegos Miguel Gallegos Miguel Gallegos Pablo Martino Pablo Martino Ignacio Barés Manuel Calandra César Armando Rey Anacona Claudio López-Calle Rodrigo Moreta-Herrera Edgardo René Chacón-Andrade Marlon Elías Lobos-Rivera Perla del Carpio Yazmín Quintero Erika Robles Macerlo Panza Lombardo Olivia Gamarra Recalde Andrés Buschiazzo Figares Michael White Carmen Burgos Videla Socio-Demographic Variables, Fear of COVID-19, Anxiety, and Depression: Prevalence, Relationships and Explanatory Model in the General Population of Seven Latin American Countries |
| description |
The COVID-19 pandemic has gravely impacted Latin America. A model was tested that evaluated the contribution of socio-demographic factors and fear of COVID-19 on anxiety and depression in samples of residents in seven Latin American countries (Argentina, Ecuador, Mexico, Paraguay, Uruguay, Colombia, and El Salvador). A total of 4,881 individuals, selected by convenience sampling, participated in the study. Moderate and severe levels of depressive symptoms and anxiety were identified, as well as a moderate average level of fear of COVID-19. In addition, it was observed that about a quarter of the participants presented symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder and a major depressive episode. Fear of COVID-19 significantly and positively predicted anxiety and depressive symptoms, whereas the effects of socio-demographic variables are generally low [χ2(287) = 5936.96, p < 0.001; RMSEA = 0.064 [0.062, 0.065]; CFI = 0.947; and SRMR = 0.050]. This suggests the need for the implementation of preventive actions in the general population of these countries, with the aim of reducing the prevalence of depressive, anxious and fearful symptoms related to COVID-19. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Tomás Caycho-Rodríguez José M. Tomás Lindsey W. Vilca Carlos Carbajal-León Mauricio Cervigni Mauricio Cervigni Miguel Gallegos Miguel Gallegos Miguel Gallegos Pablo Martino Pablo Martino Ignacio Barés Manuel Calandra César Armando Rey Anacona Claudio López-Calle Rodrigo Moreta-Herrera Edgardo René Chacón-Andrade Marlon Elías Lobos-Rivera Perla del Carpio Yazmín Quintero Erika Robles Macerlo Panza Lombardo Olivia Gamarra Recalde Andrés Buschiazzo Figares Michael White Carmen Burgos Videla |
| author_facet |
Tomás Caycho-Rodríguez José M. Tomás Lindsey W. Vilca Carlos Carbajal-León Mauricio Cervigni Mauricio Cervigni Miguel Gallegos Miguel Gallegos Miguel Gallegos Pablo Martino Pablo Martino Ignacio Barés Manuel Calandra César Armando Rey Anacona Claudio López-Calle Rodrigo Moreta-Herrera Edgardo René Chacón-Andrade Marlon Elías Lobos-Rivera Perla del Carpio Yazmín Quintero Erika Robles Macerlo Panza Lombardo Olivia Gamarra Recalde Andrés Buschiazzo Figares Michael White Carmen Burgos Videla |
| author_sort |
Tomás Caycho-Rodríguez |
| title |
Socio-Demographic Variables, Fear of COVID-19, Anxiety, and Depression: Prevalence, Relationships and Explanatory Model in the General Population of Seven Latin American Countries |
| title_short |
Socio-Demographic Variables, Fear of COVID-19, Anxiety, and Depression: Prevalence, Relationships and Explanatory Model in the General Population of Seven Latin American Countries |
| title_full |
Socio-Demographic Variables, Fear of COVID-19, Anxiety, and Depression: Prevalence, Relationships and Explanatory Model in the General Population of Seven Latin American Countries |
| title_fullStr |
Socio-Demographic Variables, Fear of COVID-19, Anxiety, and Depression: Prevalence, Relationships and Explanatory Model in the General Population of Seven Latin American Countries |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Socio-Demographic Variables, Fear of COVID-19, Anxiety, and Depression: Prevalence, Relationships and Explanatory Model in the General Population of Seven Latin American Countries |
| title_sort |
socio-demographic variables, fear of covid-19, anxiety, and depression: prevalence, relationships and explanatory model in the general population of seven latin american countries |
| publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
| publishDate |
2021 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/421fc160dfd84aaa939abea6edda3a80 |
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