Mitochondrial Effects in the Liver of C57BL/6 Mice by Low Dose, High Energy, High Charge Irradiation

Galactic cosmic rays are primarily composed of protons (85%), helium (14%), and high charge/high energy ions (HZEs) such as 56Fe, 28Si, and 16O. HZE exposure is a major risk factor for astronauts during deep-space travel due to the...

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Autores principales:	Brooke L. Barnette, Yongjia Yu, Robert L. Ullrich, Mark R. Emmett
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	space radiation liver systems biology integrated omics mitochondrial dysfunction Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/4236916339424d729201f822d8df4f3f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:4236916339424d729201f822d8df4f3f2021-11-11T17:14:59ZMitochondrial Effects in the Liver of C57BL/6 Mice by Low Dose, High Energy, High Charge Irradiation10.3390/ijms2221118061422-00671661-6596https://doaj.org/article/4236916339424d729201f822d8df4f3f2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/21/11806https://doaj.org/toc/1661-6596https://doaj.org/toc/1422-0067Galactic cosmic rays are primarily composed of protons (85%), helium (14%), and high charge/high energy ions (HZEs) such as <sup>56</sup>Fe, <sup>28</sup>Si, and <sup>16</sup>O. HZE exposure is a major risk factor for astronauts during deep-space travel due to the possibility of HZE-induced cancer. A systems biology integrated omics approach encompassing transcriptomics, proteomics, lipidomics, and functional biochemical assays was used to identify microenvironmental changes induced by HZE exposure. C57BL/6 mice were placed into six treatment groups and received the following irradiation treatments: 600 MeV/n <sup>56</sup>Fe (0.2 Gy), 1 GeV/n <sup>16</sup>O (0.2 Gy), 350 MeV/n <sup>28</sup>Si (0.2 Gy), <sup>137</sup>Cs (1.0 Gy) gamma rays, <sup>137</sup>Cs (3.0 Gy) gamma rays, and sham irradiation. Left liver lobes were collected at 30, 60, 120, 270, and 360 days post-irradiation. Analysis of transcriptomic and proteomic data utilizing ingenuity pathway analysis identified multiple pathways involved in mitochondrial function that were altered after HZE irradiation. Lipids also exhibited changes that were linked to mitochondrial function. Molecular assays for mitochondrial Complex I activity showed significant decreases in activity after HZE exposure. HZE-induced mitochondrial dysfunction suggests an increased risk for deep space travel. Microenvironmental and pathway analysis as performed in this research identified possible targets for countermeasures to mitigate risk.Brooke L. BarnetteYongjia YuRobert L. UllrichMark R. EmmettMDPI AGarticlespace radiationliversystems biologyintegrated omicsmitochondrial dysfunctionBiology (General)QH301-705.5ChemistryQD1-999ENInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 11806, p 11806 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	space radiation liver systems biology integrated omics mitochondrial dysfunction Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999
spellingShingle	space radiation liver systems biology integrated omics mitochondrial dysfunction Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999 Brooke L. Barnette Yongjia Yu Robert L. Ullrich Mark R. Emmett Mitochondrial Effects in the Liver of C57BL/6 Mice by Low Dose, High Energy, High Charge Irradiation
description	Galactic cosmic rays are primarily composed of protons (85%), helium (14%), and high charge/high energy ions (HZEs) such as <sup>56</sup>Fe, <sup>28</sup>Si, and <sup>16</sup>O. HZE exposure is a major risk factor for astronauts during deep-space travel due to the possibility of HZE-induced cancer. A systems biology integrated omics approach encompassing transcriptomics, proteomics, lipidomics, and functional biochemical assays was used to identify microenvironmental changes induced by HZE exposure. C57BL/6 mice were placed into six treatment groups and received the following irradiation treatments: 600 MeV/n <sup>56</sup>Fe (0.2 Gy), 1 GeV/n <sup>16</sup>O (0.2 Gy), 350 MeV/n <sup>28</sup>Si (0.2 Gy), <sup>137</sup>Cs (1.0 Gy) gamma rays, <sup>137</sup>Cs (3.0 Gy) gamma rays, and sham irradiation. Left liver lobes were collected at 30, 60, 120, 270, and 360 days post-irradiation. Analysis of transcriptomic and proteomic data utilizing ingenuity pathway analysis identified multiple pathways involved in mitochondrial function that were altered after HZE irradiation. Lipids also exhibited changes that were linked to mitochondrial function. Molecular assays for mitochondrial Complex I activity showed significant decreases in activity after HZE exposure. HZE-induced mitochondrial dysfunction suggests an increased risk for deep space travel. Microenvironmental and pathway analysis as performed in this research identified possible targets for countermeasures to mitigate risk.
format	article
author	Brooke L. Barnette Yongjia Yu Robert L. Ullrich Mark R. Emmett
author_facet	Brooke L. Barnette Yongjia Yu Robert L. Ullrich Mark R. Emmett
author_sort	Brooke L. Barnette
title	Mitochondrial Effects in the Liver of C57BL/6 Mice by Low Dose, High Energy, High Charge Irradiation
title_short	Mitochondrial Effects in the Liver of C57BL/6 Mice by Low Dose, High Energy, High Charge Irradiation
title_full	Mitochondrial Effects in the Liver of C57BL/6 Mice by Low Dose, High Energy, High Charge Irradiation
title_fullStr	Mitochondrial Effects in the Liver of C57BL/6 Mice by Low Dose, High Energy, High Charge Irradiation
title_full_unstemmed	Mitochondrial Effects in the Liver of C57BL/6 Mice by Low Dose, High Energy, High Charge Irradiation
title_sort	mitochondrial effects in the liver of c57bl/6 mice by low dose, high energy, high charge irradiation
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/4236916339424d729201f822d8df4f3f
work_keys_str_mv	AT brookelbarnette mitochondrialeffectsintheliverofc57bl6micebylowdosehighenergyhighchargeirradiation AT yongjiayu mitochondrialeffectsintheliverofc57bl6micebylowdosehighenergyhighchargeirradiation AT robertlullrich mitochondrialeffectsintheliverofc57bl6micebylowdosehighenergyhighchargeirradiation AT markremmett mitochondrialeffectsintheliverofc57bl6micebylowdosehighenergyhighchargeirradiation
_version_	1718432112822976512

Mitochondrial Effects in the Liver of C57BL/6 Mice by Low Dose, High Energy, High Charge Irradiation

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