Decreased bacteria activity on Si3N4 surfaces compared with PEEK or titanium

Deborah Gorth,1 Sabrina Puckett,1 Batur Ercan,1 Thomas J Webster,1 Mohamed Rahaman,2 B Sonny Bal31School of Engineering and Department of Orthopaedics, Brown University, Providence, RI, 2Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, 3Depar...

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Autores principales:	Puckett S, Ercan B, Webster TJ, Bal BS, Rahaman M, Gorth DJ
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2012
Materias:	Medicine (General) R5-920
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/424951b3c2d04ae995767072eba338ac
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:424951b3c2d04ae995767072eba338ac2021-12-02T01:11:23ZDecreased bacteria activity on Si3N4 surfaces compared with PEEK or titanium1176-91141178-2013https://doaj.org/article/424951b3c2d04ae995767072eba338ac2012-09-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.dovepress.com/decreased-bacteria-activity-on-si3n4-surfaces-compared-with-peek-or-ti-a10937https://doaj.org/toc/1176-9114https://doaj.org/toc/1178-2013Deborah Gorth,1 Sabrina Puckett,1 Batur Ercan,1 Thomas J Webster,1 Mohamed Rahaman,2 B Sonny Bal31School of Engineering and Department of Orthopaedics, Brown University, Providence, RI, 2Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, 3Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USAAbstract: A significant need exists for orthopedic implants that can intrinsically resist bacterial colonization. In this study, three biomaterials that are used in spinal implants &ndash; titanium (Ti), poly-ether-ether-ketone (PEEK), and silicon nitride (Si3N4) &ndash; were tested to understand their respective susceptibility to bacterial infection with Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphlococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Enterococcus. Specifically, the surface chemistry, wettability, and nanostructured topography of respective biomaterials, and the effects on bacterial biofilm formation, colonization, and growth were investigated. Ti and PEEK were received with as-machined surfaces; both materials are hydrophobic, with net negative surface charges. Two surface finishes of Si3N4 were examined: as-fired and polished. In contrast to Ti and PEEK, the surface of Si3N4 is hydrophilic, with a net positive charge. A decreased biofilm formation was found, as well as fewer live bacteria on both the as-fired and polished Si3N4. These differences may reflect differential surface chemistry and surface nanostructure properties between the biomaterials tested. Because protein adsorption on material surfaces affects bacterial adhesion, the adsorption of fibronectin, vitronectin, and laminin on Ti, PEEK, and Si3N4 were also examined. Significantly greater amounts of these proteins adhered to Si3N4 than to Ti or PEEK. The findings of this study suggest that surface properties of biomaterials lead to differential adsorption of physiologic proteins, and that this phenomenon could explain the observed in-vitro differences in bacterial affinity for the respective biomaterials. Intrinsic biomaterial properties as they relate to resistance to bacterial colonization may reflect a novel strategy toward designing future orthopedic implants.Keywords: silicon nitride, nanostructure, anti-infective, biofilm, protein adsorptionPuckett SErcan BWebster TJBal BSRahaman MGorth DJDove Medical PressarticleMedicine (General)R5-920ENInternational Journal of Nanomedicine, Vol 2012, Iss default, Pp 4829-4840 (2012)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine (General) R5-920
spellingShingle	Medicine (General) R5-920 Puckett S Ercan B Webster TJ Bal BS Rahaman M Gorth DJ Decreased bacteria activity on Si3N4 surfaces compared with PEEK or titanium
description	Deborah Gorth,1 Sabrina Puckett,1 Batur Ercan,1 Thomas J Webster,1 Mohamed Rahaman,2 B Sonny Bal31School of Engineering and Department of Orthopaedics, Brown University, Providence, RI, 2Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, 3Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USAAbstract: A significant need exists for orthopedic implants that can intrinsically resist bacterial colonization. In this study, three biomaterials that are used in spinal implants &ndash; titanium (Ti), poly-ether-ether-ketone (PEEK), and silicon nitride (Si3N4) &ndash; were tested to understand their respective susceptibility to bacterial infection with Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphlococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Enterococcus. Specifically, the surface chemistry, wettability, and nanostructured topography of respective biomaterials, and the effects on bacterial biofilm formation, colonization, and growth were investigated. Ti and PEEK were received with as-machined surfaces; both materials are hydrophobic, with net negative surface charges. Two surface finishes of Si3N4 were examined: as-fired and polished. In contrast to Ti and PEEK, the surface of Si3N4 is hydrophilic, with a net positive charge. A decreased biofilm formation was found, as well as fewer live bacteria on both the as-fired and polished Si3N4. These differences may reflect differential surface chemistry and surface nanostructure properties between the biomaterials tested. Because protein adsorption on material surfaces affects bacterial adhesion, the adsorption of fibronectin, vitronectin, and laminin on Ti, PEEK, and Si3N4 were also examined. Significantly greater amounts of these proteins adhered to Si3N4 than to Ti or PEEK. The findings of this study suggest that surface properties of biomaterials lead to differential adsorption of physiologic proteins, and that this phenomenon could explain the observed in-vitro differences in bacterial affinity for the respective biomaterials. Intrinsic biomaterial properties as they relate to resistance to bacterial colonization may reflect a novel strategy toward designing future orthopedic implants.Keywords: silicon nitride, nanostructure, anti-infective, biofilm, protein adsorption
format	article
author	Puckett S Ercan B Webster TJ Bal BS Rahaman M Gorth DJ
author_facet	Puckett S Ercan B Webster TJ Bal BS Rahaman M Gorth DJ
author_sort	Puckett S
title	Decreased bacteria activity on Si3N4 surfaces compared with PEEK or titanium
title_short	Decreased bacteria activity on Si3N4 surfaces compared with PEEK or titanium
title_full	Decreased bacteria activity on Si3N4 surfaces compared with PEEK or titanium
title_fullStr	Decreased bacteria activity on Si3N4 surfaces compared with PEEK or titanium
title_full_unstemmed	Decreased bacteria activity on Si3N4 surfaces compared with PEEK or titanium
title_sort	decreased bacteria activity on si3n4 surfaces compared with peek or titanium
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2012
url	https://doaj.org/article/424951b3c2d04ae995767072eba338ac
work_keys_str_mv	AT pucketts decreasedbacteriaactivityonsi3n4surfacescomparedwithpeekortitanium AT ercanb decreasedbacteriaactivityonsi3n4surfacescomparedwithpeekortitanium AT webstertj decreasedbacteriaactivityonsi3n4surfacescomparedwithpeekortitanium AT balbs decreasedbacteriaactivityonsi3n4surfacescomparedwithpeekortitanium AT rahamanm decreasedbacteriaactivityonsi3n4surfacescomparedwithpeekortitanium AT gorthdj decreasedbacteriaactivityonsi3n4surfacescomparedwithpeekortitanium
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Decreased bacteria activity on Si3N4 surfaces compared with PEEK or titanium

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