Hidden defensive morphology in rotifers: benefits, costs, and fitness consequences

Abstract To cope with predation, many prey species have developed inducible defenses in terms of morphology, behavior, and life history. Rotifers were the first model organisms used to evaluate the ecology and evolution of inducible defenses in aquatic ecosystems. Since the middle of last century, o...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Xuwang Yin, Wen Jin, Yanchun Zhou, Peipei Wang, Wen Zhao
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/42565580b2aa4e4a8c33c487a7cc2413
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:42565580b2aa4e4a8c33c487a7cc2413
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:42565580b2aa4e4a8c33c487a7cc24132021-12-02T16:05:59ZHidden defensive morphology in rotifers: benefits, costs, and fitness consequences10.1038/s41598-017-04809-z2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/42565580b2aa4e4a8c33c487a7cc24132017-07-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-04809-zhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract To cope with predation, many prey species have developed inducible defenses in terms of morphology, behavior, and life history. Rotifers were the first model organisms used to evaluate the ecology and evolution of inducible defenses in aquatic ecosystems. Since the middle of last century, only visible morphological defenses, such as spine development, have been found and only in a few rotifer species. Given the development of ultrastructural defenses is taxonomically widespread in aquatic ecosystems, we hypothesize that rotifer prey, particularly small-sized species, can develop such inducible defenses. We evaluated morphological response of two common Brachionus herbivores (B. calyciflorus and B. angularis) to predatory rotifer Asplanchna brightwellii. Results confirmed existence of predator-induced ultrastructural defenses, which are expressed as increased lorica thickness and enhanced lorica hardness. Such inducible defenses are more evident and effective in the smaller sized B. angularis, leading to higher fitness of B. angularis in predator-prey interactions. As anticipated, development of defenses has inevitable fitness costs manifested as decreased reproduction or reduced sex investment. Our results not only extend understanding of inducible ultrastructural defense to other planktonic taxa that were previously observed only in cladocerans, but also verify effective mechanical protection of such hidden defensive morphology.Xuwang YinWen JinYanchun ZhouPeipei WangWen ZhaoNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Xuwang Yin Wen Jin Yanchun Zhou Peipei Wang Wen Zhao Hidden defensive morphology in rotifers: benefits, costs, and fitness consequences
description	Abstract To cope with predation, many prey species have developed inducible defenses in terms of morphology, behavior, and life history. Rotifers were the first model organisms used to evaluate the ecology and evolution of inducible defenses in aquatic ecosystems. Since the middle of last century, only visible morphological defenses, such as spine development, have been found and only in a few rotifer species. Given the development of ultrastructural defenses is taxonomically widespread in aquatic ecosystems, we hypothesize that rotifer prey, particularly small-sized species, can develop such inducible defenses. We evaluated morphological response of two common Brachionus herbivores (B. calyciflorus and B. angularis) to predatory rotifer Asplanchna brightwellii. Results confirmed existence of predator-induced ultrastructural defenses, which are expressed as increased lorica thickness and enhanced lorica hardness. Such inducible defenses are more evident and effective in the smaller sized B. angularis, leading to higher fitness of B. angularis in predator-prey interactions. As anticipated, development of defenses has inevitable fitness costs manifested as decreased reproduction or reduced sex investment. Our results not only extend understanding of inducible ultrastructural defense to other planktonic taxa that were previously observed only in cladocerans, but also verify effective mechanical protection of such hidden defensive morphology.
format	article
author	Xuwang Yin Wen Jin Yanchun Zhou Peipei Wang Wen Zhao
author_facet	Xuwang Yin Wen Jin Yanchun Zhou Peipei Wang Wen Zhao
author_sort	Xuwang Yin
title	Hidden defensive morphology in rotifers: benefits, costs, and fitness consequences
title_short	Hidden defensive morphology in rotifers: benefits, costs, and fitness consequences
title_full	Hidden defensive morphology in rotifers: benefits, costs, and fitness consequences
title_fullStr	Hidden defensive morphology in rotifers: benefits, costs, and fitness consequences
title_full_unstemmed	Hidden defensive morphology in rotifers: benefits, costs, and fitness consequences
title_sort	hidden defensive morphology in rotifers: benefits, costs, and fitness consequences
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/42565580b2aa4e4a8c33c487a7cc2413
work_keys_str_mv	AT xuwangyin hiddendefensivemorphologyinrotifersbenefitscostsandfitnessconsequences AT wenjin hiddendefensivemorphologyinrotifersbenefitscostsandfitnessconsequences AT yanchunzhou hiddendefensivemorphologyinrotifersbenefitscostsandfitnessconsequences AT peipeiwang hiddendefensivemorphologyinrotifersbenefitscostsandfitnessconsequences AT wenzhao hiddendefensivemorphologyinrotifersbenefitscostsandfitnessconsequences
_version_	1718385142458744832

Hidden defensive morphology in rotifers: benefits, costs, and fitness consequences

Ejemplares similares