Viral shedding in patients infected with pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus in Kenya, 2009.
<h4>Background</h4>Understanding shedding patterns of 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) (pH1N1) can inform recommendations about infection control measures. We evaluated the duration of pH1N1 virus shedding in patients in Nairobi, Kenya.<h4>Methods</h4>Nasopharyngeal (NP) and...
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oai:doaj.org-article:42b99b78bace42d48d19c09b610651062021-11-18T06:52:15ZViral shedding in patients infected with pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus in Kenya, 2009.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0020320https://doaj.org/article/42b99b78bace42d48d19c09b610651062011-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/21695203/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>Understanding shedding patterns of 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) (pH1N1) can inform recommendations about infection control measures. We evaluated the duration of pH1N1 virus shedding in patients in Nairobi, Kenya.<h4>Methods</h4>Nasopharyngeal (NP) and oropharyngeal (OP) specimens were collected from consenting laboratory-confirmed pH1N1 cases every 2 days during October 14-November 25, 2009, and tested at the Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention-Kenya by real time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR). A subset of rRT-PCR-positive samples was cultured.<h4>Results</h4>Of 285 NP/OP specimens from patients with acute respiratory illness, 140 (49%) tested positive for pH1N1 by rRT-PCR; 106 (76%) patients consented and were enrolled. The median age was 6 years (Range: 4 months-41 years); only two patients, both asthmatic, received oseltamivir. The median duration of pH1N1 detection after illness onset was 8 days (95% CI: 7-10 days) for rRT-PCR and 3 days (Range: 0-13 days) for viral isolation. Viable pH1N1 virus was isolated from 132/162 (81%) of rRT-PCR-positive specimens, which included 118/125 (94%) rRT-PCR-positive specimens collected on day 0-7 after symptoms onset. Viral RNA was detectable in 18 (17%) and virus isolated in 7/18 (39%) of specimens collected from patients after all their symptoms had resolved.<h4>Conclusions</h4>In this cohort, pH1N1 was detected by rRT-PCR for a median of 8 days. There was a strong correlation between rRT-PCR results and virus isolation in the first week of illness. In some patients, pH1N1 virus was detectable after all their symptoms had resolved.Lilian W WaibociEmmaculate LeboJohn M WilliamsonWilliam MwitiGilbert K KikwaiHenry NjugunaBeatrice OlackRobert F BreimanM Kariuki NjengaMark A KatzPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 6, Iss 6, p e20320 (2011) |
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Medicine R Science Q Lilian W Waiboci Emmaculate Lebo John M Williamson William Mwiti Gilbert K Kikwai Henry Njuguna Beatrice Olack Robert F Breiman M Kariuki Njenga Mark A Katz Viral shedding in patients infected with pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus in Kenya, 2009. |
| description |
<h4>Background</h4>Understanding shedding patterns of 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) (pH1N1) can inform recommendations about infection control measures. We evaluated the duration of pH1N1 virus shedding in patients in Nairobi, Kenya.<h4>Methods</h4>Nasopharyngeal (NP) and oropharyngeal (OP) specimens were collected from consenting laboratory-confirmed pH1N1 cases every 2 days during October 14-November 25, 2009, and tested at the Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention-Kenya by real time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR). A subset of rRT-PCR-positive samples was cultured.<h4>Results</h4>Of 285 NP/OP specimens from patients with acute respiratory illness, 140 (49%) tested positive for pH1N1 by rRT-PCR; 106 (76%) patients consented and were enrolled. The median age was 6 years (Range: 4 months-41 years); only two patients, both asthmatic, received oseltamivir. The median duration of pH1N1 detection after illness onset was 8 days (95% CI: 7-10 days) for rRT-PCR and 3 days (Range: 0-13 days) for viral isolation. Viable pH1N1 virus was isolated from 132/162 (81%) of rRT-PCR-positive specimens, which included 118/125 (94%) rRT-PCR-positive specimens collected on day 0-7 after symptoms onset. Viral RNA was detectable in 18 (17%) and virus isolated in 7/18 (39%) of specimens collected from patients after all their symptoms had resolved.<h4>Conclusions</h4>In this cohort, pH1N1 was detected by rRT-PCR for a median of 8 days. There was a strong correlation between rRT-PCR results and virus isolation in the first week of illness. In some patients, pH1N1 virus was detectable after all their symptoms had resolved. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Lilian W Waiboci Emmaculate Lebo John M Williamson William Mwiti Gilbert K Kikwai Henry Njuguna Beatrice Olack Robert F Breiman M Kariuki Njenga Mark A Katz |
| author_facet |
Lilian W Waiboci Emmaculate Lebo John M Williamson William Mwiti Gilbert K Kikwai Henry Njuguna Beatrice Olack Robert F Breiman M Kariuki Njenga Mark A Katz |
| author_sort |
Lilian W Waiboci |
| title |
Viral shedding in patients infected with pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus in Kenya, 2009. |
| title_short |
Viral shedding in patients infected with pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus in Kenya, 2009. |
| title_full |
Viral shedding in patients infected with pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus in Kenya, 2009. |
| title_fullStr |
Viral shedding in patients infected with pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus in Kenya, 2009. |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Viral shedding in patients infected with pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus in Kenya, 2009. |
| title_sort |
viral shedding in patients infected with pandemic influenza a (h1n1) virus in kenya, 2009. |
| publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| publishDate |
2011 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/42b99b78bace42d48d19c09b61065106 |
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