Evolutionary History and Taxonomic Reappraisal of Coral Reef Rabbitfishes (Siganidae): Patterns of Lineage Diversification and Speciation

Rabbitfish (Siganidae) are coral reef fish that are distributed across diverse habitats that include estuaries, mangroves, reefs, and even seaweed mats. Given their ecological diversity and natural widespread distributions across the Indo-Pacific region, we were interested to investigate the evoluti...

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Autores principales:	Siti Zulaiha Zolkaply, Thinh Dinh Do, Md Asaduzzaman, Ying Giat Seah, David Hurwood, Peter Mather, Md Moshiur Rahman, Li Lian Wong
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	rabbitfish cytochrome oxidase I (COI) nuclear rhodopsin retrogene (RHO) nuclear DNA morphology phylogenetic Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/42be5f5109be4230a9e78cd558b29319
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:42be5f5109be4230a9e78cd558b29319
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:42be5f5109be4230a9e78cd558b293192021-11-25T16:47:05ZEvolutionary History and Taxonomic Reappraisal of Coral Reef Rabbitfishes (Siganidae): Patterns of Lineage Diversification and Speciation10.3390/biology101111092079-7737https://doaj.org/article/42be5f5109be4230a9e78cd558b293192021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/10/11/1109https://doaj.org/toc/2079-7737Rabbitfish (Siganidae) are coral reef fish that are distributed across diverse habitats that include estuaries, mangroves, reefs, and even seaweed mats. Given their ecological diversity and natural widespread distributions across the Indo-Pacific region, we were interested to investigate the evolutionary history of this group and patterns of divergence that have contributed to their present-day distributions. In the present study, samples were collected from the South China Sea to study taxonomic and phylogenetic relationships, and divergence times. We investigated the taxonomic relationships among modern rabbitfish species, reconstructed their molecular phylogeny, and estimated divergence times among selected lineages based on a fragment of the mtDNA cytochrome oxidase I (COI) and sequences of the nuclear rhodopsin retrogene (RHO). Our results indicate that modern rabbitfish likely originated in the Indo-West Pacific during the late Eocene [37.4 million years ago (mya)], following which they diverged into three major clades during the Pliocene/Pleistocene. Subsequent diversification and origins of the majority of siganids may likely be associated with episodes of paleo-oceanographic events, including greenhouse and glaciation events (Eocene–Miocene) as well as major plate tectonic events (Pliocene–Pleistocene). Some modern siganid species may naturally hybridize with congeneric species where their geographical ranges overlap. A comprehensive taxonomic analysis revealed that the phylogeny of Siganidae (cladogenesis of Clades I, II, and III) is characterized by divergence in several external morphological characters and morphometric parameters. Our study demonstrates that morphological characteristics, geographical heterogeneity, and environmental change have contributed to siganids’ historical diversification.Siti Zulaiha ZolkaplyThinh Dinh DoMd AsaduzzamanYing Giat SeahDavid HurwoodPeter MatherMd Moshiur RahmanLi Lian WongMDPI AGarticlerabbitfishcytochrome oxidase I (COI)nuclear rhodopsin retrogene (RHO)nuclear DNAmorphologyphylogeneticBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENBiology, Vol 10, Iss 1109, p 1109 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	rabbitfish cytochrome oxidase I (COI) nuclear rhodopsin retrogene (RHO) nuclear DNA morphology phylogenetic Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	rabbitfish cytochrome oxidase I (COI) nuclear rhodopsin retrogene (RHO) nuclear DNA morphology phylogenetic Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Siti Zulaiha Zolkaply Thinh Dinh Do Md Asaduzzaman Ying Giat Seah David Hurwood Peter Mather Md Moshiur Rahman Li Lian Wong Evolutionary History and Taxonomic Reappraisal of Coral Reef Rabbitfishes (Siganidae): Patterns of Lineage Diversification and Speciation
description	Rabbitfish (Siganidae) are coral reef fish that are distributed across diverse habitats that include estuaries, mangroves, reefs, and even seaweed mats. Given their ecological diversity and natural widespread distributions across the Indo-Pacific region, we were interested to investigate the evolutionary history of this group and patterns of divergence that have contributed to their present-day distributions. In the present study, samples were collected from the South China Sea to study taxonomic and phylogenetic relationships, and divergence times. We investigated the taxonomic relationships among modern rabbitfish species, reconstructed their molecular phylogeny, and estimated divergence times among selected lineages based on a fragment of the mtDNA cytochrome oxidase I (COI) and sequences of the nuclear rhodopsin retrogene (RHO). Our results indicate that modern rabbitfish likely originated in the Indo-West Pacific during the late Eocene [37.4 million years ago (mya)], following which they diverged into three major clades during the Pliocene/Pleistocene. Subsequent diversification and origins of the majority of siganids may likely be associated with episodes of paleo-oceanographic events, including greenhouse and glaciation events (Eocene–Miocene) as well as major plate tectonic events (Pliocene–Pleistocene). Some modern siganid species may naturally hybridize with congeneric species where their geographical ranges overlap. A comprehensive taxonomic analysis revealed that the phylogeny of Siganidae (cladogenesis of Clades I, II, and III) is characterized by divergence in several external morphological characters and morphometric parameters. Our study demonstrates that morphological characteristics, geographical heterogeneity, and environmental change have contributed to siganids’ historical diversification.
format	article
author	Siti Zulaiha Zolkaply Thinh Dinh Do Md Asaduzzaman Ying Giat Seah David Hurwood Peter Mather Md Moshiur Rahman Li Lian Wong
author_facet	Siti Zulaiha Zolkaply Thinh Dinh Do Md Asaduzzaman Ying Giat Seah David Hurwood Peter Mather Md Moshiur Rahman Li Lian Wong
author_sort	Siti Zulaiha Zolkaply
title	Evolutionary History and Taxonomic Reappraisal of Coral Reef Rabbitfishes (Siganidae): Patterns of Lineage Diversification and Speciation
title_short	Evolutionary History and Taxonomic Reappraisal of Coral Reef Rabbitfishes (Siganidae): Patterns of Lineage Diversification and Speciation
title_full	Evolutionary History and Taxonomic Reappraisal of Coral Reef Rabbitfishes (Siganidae): Patterns of Lineage Diversification and Speciation
title_fullStr	Evolutionary History and Taxonomic Reappraisal of Coral Reef Rabbitfishes (Siganidae): Patterns of Lineage Diversification and Speciation
title_full_unstemmed	Evolutionary History and Taxonomic Reappraisal of Coral Reef Rabbitfishes (Siganidae): Patterns of Lineage Diversification and Speciation
title_sort	evolutionary history and taxonomic reappraisal of coral reef rabbitfishes (siganidae): patterns of lineage diversification and speciation
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/42be5f5109be4230a9e78cd558b29319
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Evolutionary History and Taxonomic Reappraisal of Coral Reef Rabbitfishes (Siganidae): Patterns of Lineage Diversification and Speciation

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