Does postponement of first pregnancy increase gender differences in sickness absence? A register based analysis of Norwegian employees in 1993-2007.

<h4>Background</h4>From 1970-2012, the average age at first delivery increased from 23.2-28.5 in Norway. Postponement of first pregnancy increases risks of medical complications both during and after pregnancy. Sickness absence during pregnancy has over the last two decades increased con...

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Autores principales:	Anja M S Ariansen, Arnstein Mykletun
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2014
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/42e756ed77c04746bfb49707dfc52089
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:42e756ed77c04746bfb49707dfc520892021-11-18T08:26:20ZDoes postponement of first pregnancy increase gender differences in sickness absence? A register based analysis of Norwegian employees in 1993-2007.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0093006https://doaj.org/article/42e756ed77c04746bfb49707dfc520892014-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/24667483/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>From 1970-2012, the average age at first delivery increased from 23.2-28.5 in Norway. Postponement of first pregnancy increases risks of medical complications both during and after pregnancy. Sickness absence during pregnancy has over the last two decades increased considerably more than in non-pregnant women. The aim of this paper is twofold: Firstly to investigate if postponement of pregnancy is related to increased sickness absence and thus contributing to the increased gender difference in sickness absence; and secondly, to estimate how much of the increased gender difference in sickness absence that can be accounted for by increased sickness absence amongst pregnant women.<h4>Methods</h4>We employed registry-data to analyse sickness absence among all Norwegian employees with income equivalent to full-time work in the period 1993-2007.<h4>Results</h4>After control for age, education, and income, pregnant women's sickness absence (age 20-44) increased on average 0.94 percentage points each year, compared to 0.29 in non-pregnant women and 0.14 in men. In pregnant women aged 20-24, sickness absence during pregnancy increased by 0.96 percent points per calendar year, compared to 0.60 in age-group 30-34. Sickness absence during pregnancy accounted for 25% of the increased gender gap in sickness absence, accounting for changes in education, income and age.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Postponement of first pregnancy does not explain the increase in pregnant women's sickness absence during the period 1993-2007 as both the highest level and increase in sickness absence is seen in the younger women. Reasons are poorly understood, but still important as it accounts for 25% of the increased gender gap in sickness absence.Anja M S AriansenArnstein MykletunPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 9, Iss 3, p e93006 (2014)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Anja M S Ariansen Arnstein Mykletun Does postponement of first pregnancy increase gender differences in sickness absence? A register based analysis of Norwegian employees in 1993-2007.
description	<h4>Background</h4>From 1970-2012, the average age at first delivery increased from 23.2-28.5 in Norway. Postponement of first pregnancy increases risks of medical complications both during and after pregnancy. Sickness absence during pregnancy has over the last two decades increased considerably more than in non-pregnant women. The aim of this paper is twofold: Firstly to investigate if postponement of pregnancy is related to increased sickness absence and thus contributing to the increased gender difference in sickness absence; and secondly, to estimate how much of the increased gender difference in sickness absence that can be accounted for by increased sickness absence amongst pregnant women.<h4>Methods</h4>We employed registry-data to analyse sickness absence among all Norwegian employees with income equivalent to full-time work in the period 1993-2007.<h4>Results</h4>After control for age, education, and income, pregnant women's sickness absence (age 20-44) increased on average 0.94 percentage points each year, compared to 0.29 in non-pregnant women and 0.14 in men. In pregnant women aged 20-24, sickness absence during pregnancy increased by 0.96 percent points per calendar year, compared to 0.60 in age-group 30-34. Sickness absence during pregnancy accounted for 25% of the increased gender gap in sickness absence, accounting for changes in education, income and age.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Postponement of first pregnancy does not explain the increase in pregnant women's sickness absence during the period 1993-2007 as both the highest level and increase in sickness absence is seen in the younger women. Reasons are poorly understood, but still important as it accounts for 25% of the increased gender gap in sickness absence.
format	article
author	Anja M S Ariansen Arnstein Mykletun
author_facet	Anja M S Ariansen Arnstein Mykletun
author_sort	Anja M S Ariansen
title	Does postponement of first pregnancy increase gender differences in sickness absence? A register based analysis of Norwegian employees in 1993-2007.
title_short	Does postponement of first pregnancy increase gender differences in sickness absence? A register based analysis of Norwegian employees in 1993-2007.
title_full	Does postponement of first pregnancy increase gender differences in sickness absence? A register based analysis of Norwegian employees in 1993-2007.
title_fullStr	Does postponement of first pregnancy increase gender differences in sickness absence? A register based analysis of Norwegian employees in 1993-2007.
title_full_unstemmed	Does postponement of first pregnancy increase gender differences in sickness absence? A register based analysis of Norwegian employees in 1993-2007.
title_sort	does postponement of first pregnancy increase gender differences in sickness absence? a register based analysis of norwegian employees in 1993-2007.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2014
url	https://doaj.org/article/42e756ed77c04746bfb49707dfc52089
work_keys_str_mv	AT anjamsariansen doespostponementoffirstpregnancyincreasegenderdifferencesinsicknessabsencearegisterbasedanalysisofnorwegianemployeesin19932007 AT arnsteinmykletun doespostponementoffirstpregnancyincreasegenderdifferencesinsicknessabsencearegisterbasedanalysisofnorwegianemployeesin19932007
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Does postponement of first pregnancy increase gender differences in sickness absence? A register based analysis of Norwegian employees in 1993-2007.

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