Awareness of diabetic retinopathy among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Jordan

May M Bakkar,1 Mera F Haddad,1 Yazan S Gammoh2 1Department of Allied Medical Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan; 2Department of Optometry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan Backg...

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Autores principales:	Bakkar MM, Haddad MF, Gammoh YS
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2017
Materias:	awareness compliance diabetic retinopathy diabetes mellitus Jordan. Specialties of internal medicine RC581-951
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/431026b2877244768c2b68add46d1093
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:431026b2877244768c2b68add46d10932021-12-02T02:16:23ZAwareness of diabetic retinopathy among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Jordan1178-7007https://doaj.org/article/431026b2877244768c2b68add46d10932017-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/awareness-of-diabetic-retinopathy-among-patients-with-type-2-diabetes--peer-reviewed-article-DMSOhttps://doaj.org/toc/1178-7007May M Bakkar,1 Mera F Haddad,1 Yazan S Gammoh2 1Department of Allied Medical Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan; 2Department of Optometry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan Background: Increasing the level of awareness of diabetic retinopathy among individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus is considered an important factor for early diagnosis and management of diabetic retinopathy. The aim of this study was to evaluate awareness of diabetic retinopathy among a sample of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in Jordan. Patients and methods: The study period was from August to December 2015. The sample was selected randomly from patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus from the general population in three main cities of Jordan (Amman, Irbid, and Zarqa). A questionnaire was distributed to 237 participants with diabetes to assess their awareness and knowledge of diabetes and diabetic retinopathy. The questionnaire included questions to assess awareness about diabetic retinopathy, sources of knowledge about the disease, and patients’ knowledge and compliance with available treatments and routine eye examinations. Patients were also questioned about the barriers that may interfere with early eye examination. Results: A total of 237 participants (107 [45.1%] females and 130 [54.9%] males) with type 2 diabetes were interviewed. Mean age±SD for the study population was 54.51±10.28 years. Of the study population, 88.2% were aware that diabetes can affect the eyes and 81% reported that diabetic retinopathy can lead to blindness. Higher level of patients’ awareness of diabetic retinopathy was related to higher level of formal education (p<0.05). The main source of information about diabetic retinopathy as reported by 47.3% patients was general practitioners. Patients’ compliance with diabetes management was relatively high; however, their compliance with routine retinal assessment was poor, with only a total of 29.5% of participants having had an eye examination in the previous year. Conclusion: Awareness of the nature and consequences of diabetic retinopathy among patients with diabetes in Jordan is relatively high. However, patients’ motivation to undergo retinal assessment was poor in the sample, thus hindering early diagnosis and management. Keywords: awareness, compliance, diabetic retinopathy, diabetes mellitus, Jordan Bakkar MMHaddad MFGammoh YSDove Medical Pressarticleawarenesscompliancediabetic retinopathydiabetes mellitusJordan.Specialties of internal medicineRC581-951ENDiabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy, Vol Volume 10, Pp 435-441 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	awareness compliance diabetic retinopathy diabetes mellitus Jordan. Specialties of internal medicine RC581-951
spellingShingle	awareness compliance diabetic retinopathy diabetes mellitus Jordan. Specialties of internal medicine RC581-951 Bakkar MM Haddad MF Gammoh YS Awareness of diabetic retinopathy among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Jordan
description	May M Bakkar,1 Mera F Haddad,1 Yazan S Gammoh2 1Department of Allied Medical Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan; 2Department of Optometry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan Background: Increasing the level of awareness of diabetic retinopathy among individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus is considered an important factor for early diagnosis and management of diabetic retinopathy. The aim of this study was to evaluate awareness of diabetic retinopathy among a sample of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in Jordan. Patients and methods: The study period was from August to December 2015. The sample was selected randomly from patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus from the general population in three main cities of Jordan (Amman, Irbid, and Zarqa). A questionnaire was distributed to 237 participants with diabetes to assess their awareness and knowledge of diabetes and diabetic retinopathy. The questionnaire included questions to assess awareness about diabetic retinopathy, sources of knowledge about the disease, and patients’ knowledge and compliance with available treatments and routine eye examinations. Patients were also questioned about the barriers that may interfere with early eye examination. Results: A total of 237 participants (107 [45.1%] females and 130 [54.9%] males) with type 2 diabetes were interviewed. Mean age±SD for the study population was 54.51±10.28 years. Of the study population, 88.2% were aware that diabetes can affect the eyes and 81% reported that diabetic retinopathy can lead to blindness. Higher level of patients’ awareness of diabetic retinopathy was related to higher level of formal education (p<0.05). The main source of information about diabetic retinopathy as reported by 47.3% patients was general practitioners. Patients’ compliance with diabetes management was relatively high; however, their compliance with routine retinal assessment was poor, with only a total of 29.5% of participants having had an eye examination in the previous year. Conclusion: Awareness of the nature and consequences of diabetic retinopathy among patients with diabetes in Jordan is relatively high. However, patients’ motivation to undergo retinal assessment was poor in the sample, thus hindering early diagnosis and management. Keywords: awareness, compliance, diabetic retinopathy, diabetes mellitus, Jordan
format	article
author	Bakkar MM Haddad MF Gammoh YS
author_facet	Bakkar MM Haddad MF Gammoh YS
author_sort	Bakkar MM
title	Awareness of diabetic retinopathy among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Jordan
title_short	Awareness of diabetic retinopathy among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Jordan
title_full	Awareness of diabetic retinopathy among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Jordan
title_fullStr	Awareness of diabetic retinopathy among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Jordan
title_full_unstemmed	Awareness of diabetic retinopathy among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Jordan
title_sort	awareness of diabetic retinopathy among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in jordan
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/431026b2877244768c2b68add46d1093
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_version_	1718402588851830784

Awareness of diabetic retinopathy among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Jordan

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