Obesity Facts and Their Influence on Renal Function Across the Life Span

Obesity is a chronic disease, with a rapidly increasing prevalence worldwide. Body mass index (BMI) provides the most useful population-level measure of overweight and obesity. For adults, overweight is defined as a BMI (Kg/m2) ≥ 25, and obesity as a BMI ≥ 30, for non-Asians and ≥ 27.5 for Asians. A...

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Autor principal:	Vera H. Koch
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	obesity glomerular filtration rate creatinine cystatin C pediatric adult Medicine (General) R5-920
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/43188fd570284c2b9169ea0a1f1f4d46
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:43188fd570284c2b9169ea0a1f1f4d462021-11-12T04:30:09ZObesity Facts and Their Influence on Renal Function Across the Life Span2296-858X10.3389/fmed.2021.704409https://doaj.org/article/43188fd570284c2b9169ea0a1f1f4d462021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2021.704409/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2296-858XObesity is a chronic disease, with a rapidly increasing prevalence worldwide. Body mass index (BMI) provides the most useful population-level measure of overweight and obesity. For adults, overweight is defined as a BMI (Kg/m2) ≥ 25, and obesity as a BMI ≥ 30, for non-Asians and ≥ 27.5 for Asians. Abdominal obesity can be defined as a waist circumference equal to or higher than 102 cm for men and ≥88 cm for women. The definition of children and adolescents BMI changes with age and sex. Obesity may be exogenous or endogenous obesity, the latter is multifactorial and predominantly manifested during childhood. Presently, overweight and obesity are linked to more deaths worldwide than underweight. The total kidney glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is determined by the sum of nephrons and the GFR within each nephron or single nephron GFR. In clinical practice, GFR is more frequently calculated by GFR estimating equations based upon the plasma levels of creatinine, cystatin C, or both. The measured value of plasma creatinine is strongly influenced by non-GFR factors, by its tubular and gastrointestinal secretion, and by the problems associated with the lack of standardization of creatinine's laboratory assay discrediting it as an ideal GFR biomarker. Unlike creatinine, cystatin C plasma levels are mainly determined by GFR. Obesity may affect the kidney, via development of systemic arterial hypertension and/or diabetes mellitus, or directly, by ectopic accumulation of adipose tissue in the kidney. As obesity is a clinical condition associated with altered body composition, creatinine may not be the ideal biomarker for GFR measurement in obese individuals.Vera H. KochFrontiers Media S.A.articleobesityglomerular filtration ratecreatininecystatin CpediatricadultMedicine (General)R5-920ENFrontiers in Medicine, Vol 8 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	obesity glomerular filtration rate creatinine cystatin C pediatric adult Medicine (General) R5-920
spellingShingle	obesity glomerular filtration rate creatinine cystatin C pediatric adult Medicine (General) R5-920 Vera H. Koch Obesity Facts and Their Influence on Renal Function Across the Life Span
description	Obesity is a chronic disease, with a rapidly increasing prevalence worldwide. Body mass index (BMI) provides the most useful population-level measure of overweight and obesity. For adults, overweight is defined as a BMI (Kg/m2) ≥ 25, and obesity as a BMI ≥ 30, for non-Asians and ≥ 27.5 for Asians. Abdominal obesity can be defined as a waist circumference equal to or higher than 102 cm for men and ≥88 cm for women. The definition of children and adolescents BMI changes with age and sex. Obesity may be exogenous or endogenous obesity, the latter is multifactorial and predominantly manifested during childhood. Presently, overweight and obesity are linked to more deaths worldwide than underweight. The total kidney glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is determined by the sum of nephrons and the GFR within each nephron or single nephron GFR. In clinical practice, GFR is more frequently calculated by GFR estimating equations based upon the plasma levels of creatinine, cystatin C, or both. The measured value of plasma creatinine is strongly influenced by non-GFR factors, by its tubular and gastrointestinal secretion, and by the problems associated with the lack of standardization of creatinine's laboratory assay discrediting it as an ideal GFR biomarker. Unlike creatinine, cystatin C plasma levels are mainly determined by GFR. Obesity may affect the kidney, via development of systemic arterial hypertension and/or diabetes mellitus, or directly, by ectopic accumulation of adipose tissue in the kidney. As obesity is a clinical condition associated with altered body composition, creatinine may not be the ideal biomarker for GFR measurement in obese individuals.
format	article
author	Vera H. Koch
author_facet	Vera H. Koch
author_sort	Vera H. Koch
title	Obesity Facts and Their Influence on Renal Function Across the Life Span
title_short	Obesity Facts and Their Influence on Renal Function Across the Life Span
title_full	Obesity Facts and Their Influence on Renal Function Across the Life Span
title_fullStr	Obesity Facts and Their Influence on Renal Function Across the Life Span
title_full_unstemmed	Obesity Facts and Their Influence on Renal Function Across the Life Span
title_sort	obesity facts and their influence on renal function across the life span
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/43188fd570284c2b9169ea0a1f1f4d46
work_keys_str_mv	AT verahkoch obesityfactsandtheirinfluenceonrenalfunctionacrossthelifespan
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Obesity Facts and Their Influence on Renal Function Across the Life Span

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