Adult Neurogenesis: A Story Ranging from Controversial New Neurogenic Areas and Human Adult Neurogenesis to Molecular Regulation

The generation of new neurons in the adult brain is a currently accepted phenomenon. Over the past few decades, the subventricular zone and the hippocampal dentate gyrus have been described as the two main neurogenic niches. Neurogenic niches generate new neurons through an asymmetric division proce...

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Autores principales:	Perla Leal-Galicia, María Elena Chávez-Hernández, Florencia Mata, Jesús Mata-Luévanos, Luis Miguel Rodríguez-Serrano, Alejandro Tapia-de-Jesús, Mario Humberto Buenrostro-Jáuregui
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	adult neurogenesis subventricular zone striatum hippocampus habenula cerebellum Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/4360bb0f0fe1411e9394f4b19a969a4a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:4360bb0f0fe1411e9394f4b19a969a4a2021-11-11T16:57:10ZAdult Neurogenesis: A Story Ranging from Controversial New Neurogenic Areas and Human Adult Neurogenesis to Molecular Regulation10.3390/ijms2221114891422-00671661-6596https://doaj.org/article/4360bb0f0fe1411e9394f4b19a969a4a2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/21/11489https://doaj.org/toc/1661-6596https://doaj.org/toc/1422-0067The generation of new neurons in the adult brain is a currently accepted phenomenon. Over the past few decades, the subventricular zone and the hippocampal dentate gyrus have been described as the two main neurogenic niches. Neurogenic niches generate new neurons through an asymmetric division process involving several developmental steps. This process occurs throughout life in several species, including humans. These new neurons possess unique properties that contribute to the local circuitry. Despite several efforts, no other neurogenic zones have been observed in many years; the lack of observation is probably due to technical issues. However, in recent years, more brain niches have been described, once again breaking the current paradigms. Currently, a debate in the scientific community about new neurogenic areas of the brain, namely, human adult neurogenesis, is ongoing. Thus, several open questions regarding new neurogenic niches, as well as this phenomenon in adult humans, their functional relevance, and their mechanisms, remain to be answered. In this review, we discuss the literature and provide a compressive overview of the known neurogenic zones, traditional zones, and newly described zones. Additionally, we will review the regulatory roles of some molecular mechanisms, such as miRNAs, neurotrophic factors, and neurotrophins. We also join the debate on human adult neurogenesis, and we will identify similarities and differences in the literature and summarize the knowledge regarding these interesting topics.Perla Leal-GaliciaMaría Elena Chávez-HernándezFlorencia MataJesús Mata-LuévanosLuis Miguel Rodríguez-SerranoAlejandro Tapia-de-JesúsMario Humberto Buenrostro-JáureguiMDPI AGarticleadult neurogenesissubventricular zonestriatumhippocampushabenulacerebellumBiology (General)QH301-705.5ChemistryQD1-999ENInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 11489, p 11489 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	adult neurogenesis subventricular zone striatum hippocampus habenula cerebellum Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999
spellingShingle	adult neurogenesis subventricular zone striatum hippocampus habenula cerebellum Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999 Perla Leal-Galicia María Elena Chávez-Hernández Florencia Mata Jesús Mata-Luévanos Luis Miguel Rodríguez-Serrano Alejandro Tapia-de-Jesús Mario Humberto Buenrostro-Jáuregui Adult Neurogenesis: A Story Ranging from Controversial New Neurogenic Areas and Human Adult Neurogenesis to Molecular Regulation
description	The generation of new neurons in the adult brain is a currently accepted phenomenon. Over the past few decades, the subventricular zone and the hippocampal dentate gyrus have been described as the two main neurogenic niches. Neurogenic niches generate new neurons through an asymmetric division process involving several developmental steps. This process occurs throughout life in several species, including humans. These new neurons possess unique properties that contribute to the local circuitry. Despite several efforts, no other neurogenic zones have been observed in many years; the lack of observation is probably due to technical issues. However, in recent years, more brain niches have been described, once again breaking the current paradigms. Currently, a debate in the scientific community about new neurogenic areas of the brain, namely, human adult neurogenesis, is ongoing. Thus, several open questions regarding new neurogenic niches, as well as this phenomenon in adult humans, their functional relevance, and their mechanisms, remain to be answered. In this review, we discuss the literature and provide a compressive overview of the known neurogenic zones, traditional zones, and newly described zones. Additionally, we will review the regulatory roles of some molecular mechanisms, such as miRNAs, neurotrophic factors, and neurotrophins. We also join the debate on human adult neurogenesis, and we will identify similarities and differences in the literature and summarize the knowledge regarding these interesting topics.
format	article
author	Perla Leal-Galicia María Elena Chávez-Hernández Florencia Mata Jesús Mata-Luévanos Luis Miguel Rodríguez-Serrano Alejandro Tapia-de-Jesús Mario Humberto Buenrostro-Jáuregui
author_facet	Perla Leal-Galicia María Elena Chávez-Hernández Florencia Mata Jesús Mata-Luévanos Luis Miguel Rodríguez-Serrano Alejandro Tapia-de-Jesús Mario Humberto Buenrostro-Jáuregui
author_sort	Perla Leal-Galicia
title	Adult Neurogenesis: A Story Ranging from Controversial New Neurogenic Areas and Human Adult Neurogenesis to Molecular Regulation
title_short	Adult Neurogenesis: A Story Ranging from Controversial New Neurogenic Areas and Human Adult Neurogenesis to Molecular Regulation
title_full	Adult Neurogenesis: A Story Ranging from Controversial New Neurogenic Areas and Human Adult Neurogenesis to Molecular Regulation
title_fullStr	Adult Neurogenesis: A Story Ranging from Controversial New Neurogenic Areas and Human Adult Neurogenesis to Molecular Regulation
title_full_unstemmed	Adult Neurogenesis: A Story Ranging from Controversial New Neurogenic Areas and Human Adult Neurogenesis to Molecular Regulation
title_sort	adult neurogenesis: a story ranging from controversial new neurogenic areas and human adult neurogenesis to molecular regulation
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/4360bb0f0fe1411e9394f4b19a969a4a
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Adult Neurogenesis: A Story Ranging from Controversial New Neurogenic Areas and Human Adult Neurogenesis to Molecular Regulation

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