Identification of Hepatitis E Virus Genotypes 3 and 7 in Israel: A Public Health Concern?

Background: Hepatitis E (HEV) is an emerging cause of viral hepatitis worldwide. Swine carrying hepatitis E genotype 3 (HEV-3) are responsible for the majority of chronic viral hepatitis cases in developed countries. Recently, genotype 7 (HEV-7), isolated from a dromedary camel in the United Arab Em...

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Autores principales:	Rachel Shirazi, Paolo Pozzi, Yael Gozlan, Marina Wax, Yaniv Lustig, Michal Linial, Ella Mendelson, Svetlana Bardenstein, Orna Mor
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	hepatitis E HEV-3 HEV-7 swine dromedary camel Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/43668a982bf94ea488d3961a1547ce5e
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:43668a982bf94ea488d3961a1547ce5e2021-11-25T19:14:36ZIdentification of Hepatitis E Virus Genotypes 3 and 7 in Israel: A Public Health Concern?10.3390/v131123261999-4915https://doaj.org/article/43668a982bf94ea488d3961a1547ce5e2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/13/11/2326https://doaj.org/toc/1999-4915Background: Hepatitis E (HEV) is an emerging cause of viral hepatitis worldwide. Swine carrying hepatitis E genotype 3 (HEV-3) are responsible for the majority of chronic viral hepatitis cases in developed countries. Recently, genotype 7 (HEV-7), isolated from a dromedary camel in the United Arab Emirates, was also associated with chronic viral hepatitis in a transplant recipient. In Israel, chronic HEV infection has not yet been reported, although HEV seroprevalence in humans is ~10%. Camels and swine are >65% seropositive. Here we report on the isolation and characterization of HEV from local camels and swine. Methods: Sera from camels (<i>n</i> = 142), feces from swine (<i>n</i> = 18) and blood from patients suspected of hepatitis E (<i>n</i> = 101) were collected during 2017–2020 and used to detect and characterize HEV sequences. Results: HEV-3 isolated from local swine and the camel-derived HEV-7 sequence were highly similar to HEV-3f and HEV-7 sequences (88.2% and 86.4%, respectively) related to viral hepatitis. The deduced amino acid sequences of both isolates were also highly conserved (>98%). Two patients were HEV-RNA positive; acute HEV-1 infection could be confirmed in one of them. Discussion: The absence of any reported HEV-3 and HEV-7 infection in humans remains puzzling, especially considering the reported seroprevalence rates, the similarity between HEV sequences related to chronic hepatitis and the HEV genotypes identified in swine and camels in Israel.Rachel ShiraziPaolo PozziYael GozlanMarina WaxYaniv LustigMichal LinialElla MendelsonSvetlana BardensteinOrna MorMDPI AGarticlehepatitis EHEV-3HEV-7swinedromedary camelMicrobiologyQR1-502ENViruses, Vol 13, Iss 2326, p 2326 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	hepatitis E HEV-3 HEV-7 swine dromedary camel Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	hepatitis E HEV-3 HEV-7 swine dromedary camel Microbiology QR1-502 Rachel Shirazi Paolo Pozzi Yael Gozlan Marina Wax Yaniv Lustig Michal Linial Ella Mendelson Svetlana Bardenstein Orna Mor Identification of Hepatitis E Virus Genotypes 3 and 7 in Israel: A Public Health Concern?
description	Background: Hepatitis E (HEV) is an emerging cause of viral hepatitis worldwide. Swine carrying hepatitis E genotype 3 (HEV-3) are responsible for the majority of chronic viral hepatitis cases in developed countries. Recently, genotype 7 (HEV-7), isolated from a dromedary camel in the United Arab Emirates, was also associated with chronic viral hepatitis in a transplant recipient. In Israel, chronic HEV infection has not yet been reported, although HEV seroprevalence in humans is ~10%. Camels and swine are >65% seropositive. Here we report on the isolation and characterization of HEV from local camels and swine. Methods: Sera from camels (<i>n</i> = 142), feces from swine (<i>n</i> = 18) and blood from patients suspected of hepatitis E (<i>n</i> = 101) were collected during 2017–2020 and used to detect and characterize HEV sequences. Results: HEV-3 isolated from local swine and the camel-derived HEV-7 sequence were highly similar to HEV-3f and HEV-7 sequences (88.2% and 86.4%, respectively) related to viral hepatitis. The deduced amino acid sequences of both isolates were also highly conserved (>98%). Two patients were HEV-RNA positive; acute HEV-1 infection could be confirmed in one of them. Discussion: The absence of any reported HEV-3 and HEV-7 infection in humans remains puzzling, especially considering the reported seroprevalence rates, the similarity between HEV sequences related to chronic hepatitis and the HEV genotypes identified in swine and camels in Israel.
format	article
author	Rachel Shirazi Paolo Pozzi Yael Gozlan Marina Wax Yaniv Lustig Michal Linial Ella Mendelson Svetlana Bardenstein Orna Mor
author_facet	Rachel Shirazi Paolo Pozzi Yael Gozlan Marina Wax Yaniv Lustig Michal Linial Ella Mendelson Svetlana Bardenstein Orna Mor
author_sort	Rachel Shirazi
title	Identification of Hepatitis E Virus Genotypes 3 and 7 in Israel: A Public Health Concern?
title_short	Identification of Hepatitis E Virus Genotypes 3 and 7 in Israel: A Public Health Concern?
title_full	Identification of Hepatitis E Virus Genotypes 3 and 7 in Israel: A Public Health Concern?
title_fullStr	Identification of Hepatitis E Virus Genotypes 3 and 7 in Israel: A Public Health Concern?
title_full_unstemmed	Identification of Hepatitis E Virus Genotypes 3 and 7 in Israel: A Public Health Concern?
title_sort	identification of hepatitis e virus genotypes 3 and 7 in israel: a public health concern?
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/43668a982bf94ea488d3961a1547ce5e
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Identification of Hepatitis E Virus Genotypes 3 and 7 in Israel: A Public Health Concern?

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