Arachidonic acid metabolism is elevated in Mycoplasma gallisepticum and Escherichia coli co-infection and induces LTC4 in serum as the biomarker for detecting poultry respiratory disease

Outbreaks of multiple respiratory diseases with high morbidity and mortality have been frequently reported in poultry industry. Metabolic profiling has showed widespread usage in metabolic and infectious disease for identifying biomarkers and understanding of complex mechanisms. In this study, the n...

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Autores principales:	Zhiyong Wu, Chunli Chen, Qiaomei Zhang, Jiaxin Bao, Qianqian Fan, Rui Li, Muhammad Ishfaq, Jichang Li
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Taylor & Francis Group 2020
Materias:	multiple respiratory diseases metabolomics arachidonic acid leukotriene c4 biomarker Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/43a14855eb95449ca508e344744ca417
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:43a14855eb95449ca508e344744ca4172021-11-17T14:21:58ZArachidonic acid metabolism is elevated in Mycoplasma gallisepticum and Escherichia coli co-infection and induces LTC4 in serum as the biomarker for detecting poultry respiratory disease2150-55942150-560810.1080/21505594.2020.1772653https://doaj.org/article/43a14855eb95449ca508e344744ca4172020-12-01T00:00:00Zhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21505594.2020.1772653https://doaj.org/toc/2150-5594https://doaj.org/toc/2150-5608Outbreaks of multiple respiratory diseases with high morbidity and mortality have been frequently reported in poultry industry. Metabolic profiling has showed widespread usage in metabolic and infectious disease for identifying biomarkers and understanding of complex mechanisms. In this study, the non-targeted metabolomics were used on Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) and Escherichia coli (E.coli) co-infection model in serum, which showed that Leukotriene C4 (LTC4), Leukotriene D4 (LTD4), Chenodeoxycholate, Linoleate and numerous energy metabolites were varied significantly. KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that the metabolic pathways of linoleic acid, taurine and arachidonic acid (AA) were upregulated. To further characterize the consequences of co-infection, we performed an AA metabolic network pathway with metabolic products and enzyme genes. The results showed that the expression of LTC4 increased extremely significant and accompanied with different degree of infection. Meanwhile, the AA network performed the changes and differences of various metabolites in the pathway when multiple respiratory diseases occurred. Taken together, co-infection induces distinct alterations in the serum metabolome owing to the activation of AA metabolism. Furthermore, LTC4 in serum could be used as the biomarker for detecting poultry respiratory disease. Abbreviations MG: Mycoplasma gallisepticum; E.coli: Escherichia coli; AA: Arachidonic acid; LTC4: Leukotriene C4; CRD: chronic respiratory diseases; KEGG: Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes; LTs: leukotrienes; PGs: prostaglandins; NO: nitric oxide; HIS: histamine; PCA: Principal Component Analysis; PLS-DA: Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis; CCU: color change unit; UPLC: ultra-performance liquid chromatography; MS: mass spectrometry; DEMs: differentially expressed metabolites; ELISA: enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; SD: standard deviation; VIP: Variable importance in the projectionZhiyong WuChunli ChenQiaomei ZhangJiaxin BaoQianqian FanRui LiMuhammad IshfaqJichang LiTaylor & Francis Grouparticlemultiple respiratory diseasesmetabolomicsarachidonic acidleukotriene c4biomarkerInfectious and parasitic diseasesRC109-216ENVirulence, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 730-738 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	multiple respiratory diseases metabolomics arachidonic acid leukotriene c4 biomarker Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216
spellingShingle	multiple respiratory diseases metabolomics arachidonic acid leukotriene c4 biomarker Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Zhiyong Wu Chunli Chen Qiaomei Zhang Jiaxin Bao Qianqian Fan Rui Li Muhammad Ishfaq Jichang Li Arachidonic acid metabolism is elevated in Mycoplasma gallisepticum and Escherichia coli co-infection and induces LTC4 in serum as the biomarker for detecting poultry respiratory disease
description	Outbreaks of multiple respiratory diseases with high morbidity and mortality have been frequently reported in poultry industry. Metabolic profiling has showed widespread usage in metabolic and infectious disease for identifying biomarkers and understanding of complex mechanisms. In this study, the non-targeted metabolomics were used on Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) and Escherichia coli (E.coli) co-infection model in serum, which showed that Leukotriene C4 (LTC4), Leukotriene D4 (LTD4), Chenodeoxycholate, Linoleate and numerous energy metabolites were varied significantly. KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that the metabolic pathways of linoleic acid, taurine and arachidonic acid (AA) were upregulated. To further characterize the consequences of co-infection, we performed an AA metabolic network pathway with metabolic products and enzyme genes. The results showed that the expression of LTC4 increased extremely significant and accompanied with different degree of infection. Meanwhile, the AA network performed the changes and differences of various metabolites in the pathway when multiple respiratory diseases occurred. Taken together, co-infection induces distinct alterations in the serum metabolome owing to the activation of AA metabolism. Furthermore, LTC4 in serum could be used as the biomarker for detecting poultry respiratory disease. Abbreviations MG: Mycoplasma gallisepticum; E.coli: Escherichia coli; AA: Arachidonic acid; LTC4: Leukotriene C4; CRD: chronic respiratory diseases; KEGG: Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes; LTs: leukotrienes; PGs: prostaglandins; NO: nitric oxide; HIS: histamine; PCA: Principal Component Analysis; PLS-DA: Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis; CCU: color change unit; UPLC: ultra-performance liquid chromatography; MS: mass spectrometry; DEMs: differentially expressed metabolites; ELISA: enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; SD: standard deviation; VIP: Variable importance in the projection
format	article
author	Zhiyong Wu Chunli Chen Qiaomei Zhang Jiaxin Bao Qianqian Fan Rui Li Muhammad Ishfaq Jichang Li
author_facet	Zhiyong Wu Chunli Chen Qiaomei Zhang Jiaxin Bao Qianqian Fan Rui Li Muhammad Ishfaq Jichang Li
author_sort	Zhiyong Wu
title	Arachidonic acid metabolism is elevated in Mycoplasma gallisepticum and Escherichia coli co-infection and induces LTC4 in serum as the biomarker for detecting poultry respiratory disease
title_short	Arachidonic acid metabolism is elevated in Mycoplasma gallisepticum and Escherichia coli co-infection and induces LTC4 in serum as the biomarker for detecting poultry respiratory disease
title_full	Arachidonic acid metabolism is elevated in Mycoplasma gallisepticum and Escherichia coli co-infection and induces LTC4 in serum as the biomarker for detecting poultry respiratory disease
title_fullStr	Arachidonic acid metabolism is elevated in Mycoplasma gallisepticum and Escherichia coli co-infection and induces LTC4 in serum as the biomarker for detecting poultry respiratory disease
title_full_unstemmed	Arachidonic acid metabolism is elevated in Mycoplasma gallisepticum and Escherichia coli co-infection and induces LTC4 in serum as the biomarker for detecting poultry respiratory disease
title_sort	arachidonic acid metabolism is elevated in mycoplasma gallisepticum and escherichia coli co-infection and induces ltc4 in serum as the biomarker for detecting poultry respiratory disease
publisher	Taylor & Francis Group
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/43a14855eb95449ca508e344744ca417
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Arachidonic acid metabolism is elevated in Mycoplasma gallisepticum and Escherichia coli co-infection and induces LTC4 in serum as the biomarker for detecting poultry respiratory disease

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