Potassium and Water-Deficient Conditions Influence the Growth, Yield and Quality of Ratoon Sugarcane (<i>Saccharum officinarum</i> L.) in a Semi-Arid Agroecosystem

Groundwater and soil potassium deficiencies are present in northern India. Sugarcane is a vital crop in the Indian Punjab; it is grown on approximately 91,000 hectares with an average yield of 80 tonnes ha<sup>−1</sup> and a sugar recovery rate of 9.59%. The role of potassium (K) fertili...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Rajan Bhatt, Jagdish Singh, Alison M. Laing, Ram Swaroop Meena, Walaa F. Alsanie, Ahmed Gaber, Akbar Hossain
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	water stress potassium fertilizer Brix sugarcane yield insect-pest incidence Agriculture S
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/43d76b774be44e118e569b019e28ea52
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:43d76b774be44e118e569b019e28ea52
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:43d76b774be44e118e569b019e28ea522021-11-25T16:09:06ZPotassium and Water-Deficient Conditions Influence the Growth, Yield and Quality of Ratoon Sugarcane (<i>Saccharum officinarum</i> L.) in a Semi-Arid Agroecosystem10.3390/agronomy111122572073-4395https://doaj.org/article/43d76b774be44e118e569b019e28ea522021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/11/2257https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4395Groundwater and soil potassium deficiencies are present in northern India. Sugarcane is a vital crop in the Indian Punjab; it is grown on approximately 91,000 hectares with an average yield of 80 tonnes ha<sup>−1</sup> and a sugar recovery rate of 9.59%. The role of potassium (K) fertilizer under both sufficient and deficient irrigation in ratoon sugarcane crops is not well documented. We conducted a split-plot ratoon cane experiment during 2020–2021 at the Gurdaspur Regional Research Station of Punjab Agricultural University, India, on K-deficient soils. Main treatments were fully irrigated (I<sub>1</sub>) and water stressed (I<sub>0</sub>) conditions, with sub-treatments reflecting K fertilizer application rates of 0 (M<sub>1</sub>), 67 (M<sub>2</sub>), 133 (M<sub>3</sub>), and 200 (M<sub>4</sub>) kg K ha<sup>−1</sup>. The ratoon sugarcane performance was assessed in terms of growth, productivity, sugar quality and incidence of key insect pests. At harvest, trends in the growth and yield parameters in I<sub>1</sub> were improved over the I<sub>0</sub> treatment, with cane height (+12.2%), diameter (+3.3%), number of internodes (+5.4%), biomass yield (+7.6%) and cane yield (+5.9%) all higher, although little significant difference was observed between treatments. Ratoon cane yield under irrigation was 57.1 tonnes ha<sup>−1</sup>; in water-stressed conditions, it was 54.7 tonnes ha<sup>−1</sup>. In terms of sugarcane quality parameters, measured 12 months after harvesting the initial seed crop, values of Brix (+3.6%), pol (+3.9%), commercial cane sugar percentage (+4.0%) and extractable sugar percentage (+2.8%) were all higher in the irrigated treatments than the water-stressed plot. Irrigated treatments also had a significantly lower incidence of two key insect pests: top borer (<i>Scirpophaga excerptalis</i>) was reduced by 18.5% and stalk borer (<i>Chilo auricilius</i>) by 21.7%. The M<sub>3</sub> and M<sub>4</sub> treatments resulted in the highest cane yield and lowest incidence of insect pests compared to other K-fertilizer treatments. Economic return on K-fertilizer application increased with increasing fertilizer dosage. Under the potassium-deficient water-stressed conditions of the region of north India, a fertilizer application rate of 133 kg K ha<sup>−1</sup> is recommended to improve ratoon sugarcane growth, yield, and quality parameters and economic returns for sugarcane farmers.Rajan BhattJagdish SinghAlison M. LaingRam Swaroop MeenaWalaa F. AlsanieAhmed GaberAkbar HossainMDPI AGarticlewater stresspotassium fertilizerBrixsugarcane yieldinsect-pest incidenceAgricultureSENAgronomy, Vol 11, Iss 2257, p 2257 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	water stress potassium fertilizer Brix sugarcane yield insect-pest incidence Agriculture S
spellingShingle	water stress potassium fertilizer Brix sugarcane yield insect-pest incidence Agriculture S Rajan Bhatt Jagdish Singh Alison M. Laing Ram Swaroop Meena Walaa F. Alsanie Ahmed Gaber Akbar Hossain Potassium and Water-Deficient Conditions Influence the Growth, Yield and Quality of Ratoon Sugarcane (<i>Saccharum officinarum</i> L.) in a Semi-Arid Agroecosystem
description	Groundwater and soil potassium deficiencies are present in northern India. Sugarcane is a vital crop in the Indian Punjab; it is grown on approximately 91,000 hectares with an average yield of 80 tonnes ha<sup>−1</sup> and a sugar recovery rate of 9.59%. The role of potassium (K) fertilizer under both sufficient and deficient irrigation in ratoon sugarcane crops is not well documented. We conducted a split-plot ratoon cane experiment during 2020–2021 at the Gurdaspur Regional Research Station of Punjab Agricultural University, India, on K-deficient soils. Main treatments were fully irrigated (I<sub>1</sub>) and water stressed (I<sub>0</sub>) conditions, with sub-treatments reflecting K fertilizer application rates of 0 (M<sub>1</sub>), 67 (M<sub>2</sub>), 133 (M<sub>3</sub>), and 200 (M<sub>4</sub>) kg K ha<sup>−1</sup>. The ratoon sugarcane performance was assessed in terms of growth, productivity, sugar quality and incidence of key insect pests. At harvest, trends in the growth and yield parameters in I<sub>1</sub> were improved over the I<sub>0</sub> treatment, with cane height (+12.2%), diameter (+3.3%), number of internodes (+5.4%), biomass yield (+7.6%) and cane yield (+5.9%) all higher, although little significant difference was observed between treatments. Ratoon cane yield under irrigation was 57.1 tonnes ha<sup>−1</sup>; in water-stressed conditions, it was 54.7 tonnes ha<sup>−1</sup>. In terms of sugarcane quality parameters, measured 12 months after harvesting the initial seed crop, values of Brix (+3.6%), pol (+3.9%), commercial cane sugar percentage (+4.0%) and extractable sugar percentage (+2.8%) were all higher in the irrigated treatments than the water-stressed plot. Irrigated treatments also had a significantly lower incidence of two key insect pests: top borer (<i>Scirpophaga excerptalis</i>) was reduced by 18.5% and stalk borer (<i>Chilo auricilius</i>) by 21.7%. The M<sub>3</sub> and M<sub>4</sub> treatments resulted in the highest cane yield and lowest incidence of insect pests compared to other K-fertilizer treatments. Economic return on K-fertilizer application increased with increasing fertilizer dosage. Under the potassium-deficient water-stressed conditions of the region of north India, a fertilizer application rate of 133 kg K ha<sup>−1</sup> is recommended to improve ratoon sugarcane growth, yield, and quality parameters and economic returns for sugarcane farmers.
format	article
author	Rajan Bhatt Jagdish Singh Alison M. Laing Ram Swaroop Meena Walaa F. Alsanie Ahmed Gaber Akbar Hossain
author_facet	Rajan Bhatt Jagdish Singh Alison M. Laing Ram Swaroop Meena Walaa F. Alsanie Ahmed Gaber Akbar Hossain
author_sort	Rajan Bhatt
title	Potassium and Water-Deficient Conditions Influence the Growth, Yield and Quality of Ratoon Sugarcane (<i>Saccharum officinarum</i> L.) in a Semi-Arid Agroecosystem
title_short	Potassium and Water-Deficient Conditions Influence the Growth, Yield and Quality of Ratoon Sugarcane (<i>Saccharum officinarum</i> L.) in a Semi-Arid Agroecosystem
title_full	Potassium and Water-Deficient Conditions Influence the Growth, Yield and Quality of Ratoon Sugarcane (<i>Saccharum officinarum</i> L.) in a Semi-Arid Agroecosystem
title_fullStr	Potassium and Water-Deficient Conditions Influence the Growth, Yield and Quality of Ratoon Sugarcane (<i>Saccharum officinarum</i> L.) in a Semi-Arid Agroecosystem
title_full_unstemmed	Potassium and Water-Deficient Conditions Influence the Growth, Yield and Quality of Ratoon Sugarcane (<i>Saccharum officinarum</i> L.) in a Semi-Arid Agroecosystem
title_sort	potassium and water-deficient conditions influence the growth, yield and quality of ratoon sugarcane (<i>saccharum officinarum</i> l.) in a semi-arid agroecosystem
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/43d76b774be44e118e569b019e28ea52
work_keys_str_mv	AT rajanbhatt potassiumandwaterdeficientconditionsinfluencethegrowthyieldandqualityofratoonsugarcaneisaccharumofficinarumilinasemiaridagroecosystem AT jagdishsingh potassiumandwaterdeficientconditionsinfluencethegrowthyieldandqualityofratoonsugarcaneisaccharumofficinarumilinasemiaridagroecosystem AT alisonmlaing potassiumandwaterdeficientconditionsinfluencethegrowthyieldandqualityofratoonsugarcaneisaccharumofficinarumilinasemiaridagroecosystem AT ramswaroopmeena potassiumandwaterdeficientconditionsinfluencethegrowthyieldandqualityofratoonsugarcaneisaccharumofficinarumilinasemiaridagroecosystem AT walaafalsanie potassiumandwaterdeficientconditionsinfluencethegrowthyieldandqualityofratoonsugarcaneisaccharumofficinarumilinasemiaridagroecosystem AT ahmedgaber potassiumandwaterdeficientconditionsinfluencethegrowthyieldandqualityofratoonsugarcaneisaccharumofficinarumilinasemiaridagroecosystem AT akbarhossain potassiumandwaterdeficientconditionsinfluencethegrowthyieldandqualityofratoonsugarcaneisaccharumofficinarumilinasemiaridagroecosystem
_version_	1718413313558183936

Potassium and Water-Deficient Conditions Influence the Growth, Yield and Quality of Ratoon Sugarcane (<i>Saccharum officinarum</i> L.) in a Semi-Arid Agroecosystem

Ejemplares similares