Resource Recovery from Synthetic Nitrified Urine in the Hydroponic Cultivation of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa Var. capitata L.)

The application of hydroponic cultivation fertilized with biologically nitrified synthetic urine can produce nitrate-rich fertilizer for lettuce (Lactuca sativa var. capitata L.). The mounting water crisis and depletion of natural resources makes nitrogen recove...

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Autores principales:	Anna Jurga, Kamil Janiak, Anna Wizimirska, Piotr Chochura, Stanisław Miodoński, Mateusz Muszyński-Huhajło, Krzysztof Ratkiewicz, Bartosz Zięba, Marta Czaplicka-Pędzich, Tomasz Pilawka, Daria Podstawczyk
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	hydroponics urine biological nitrification Agriculture S
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/43e678bcb4664ceeade973736fb8fc0a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:43e678bcb4664ceeade973736fb8fc0a2021-11-25T16:08:17ZResource Recovery from Synthetic Nitrified Urine in the Hydroponic Cultivation of Lettuce (<i>Lactuca sativa</i> Var. <i>capitata</i> L.)10.3390/agronomy111122422073-4395https://doaj.org/article/43e678bcb4664ceeade973736fb8fc0a2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/11/2242https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4395The application of hydroponic cultivation fertilized with biologically nitrified synthetic urine can produce nitrate-rich fertilizer for lettuce (<i>Lactuca sativa</i> var. <i>capitata</i> L.). The mounting water crisis and depletion of natural resources makes nitrogen recovery from human urine a practical option. Nitrified urine can be used in indoor vertical hydroponic cultivation and is characterized by a high degree of element recovery. Because of its high ammonium content, hydrolyzed fresh urine may be toxic. A nitrification sequencing batch reactor with suspended activated sludge biomass ensured urine stabilization and biological conversion into nitrate-rich fertilizer. The diluted nitrate-rich fertilizer was then supplied for soilless cultivation. The results show that diluted nitrified urine is an excellent source of bioavailable nitrogen and phosphorus and, with proper enrichment with microelements, could replace commercial fertilizers in hydroponic systems. The yield and quality parameters of lettuce cultivated with enriched urine were comparable to those obtained with a commercial fertilizer. The mass balance calculation showed that industry-scale lettuce production can be based on urine fertilizer collected from a few hundred people for a single unit.Anna JurgaKamil JaniakAnna WizimirskaPiotr ChochuraStanisław MiodońskiMateusz Muszyński-HuhajłoKrzysztof RatkiewiczBartosz ZiębaMarta Czaplicka-PędzichTomasz PilawkaDaria PodstawczykMDPI AGarticlehydroponicsurinebiological nitrificationAgricultureSENAgronomy, Vol 11, Iss 2242, p 2242 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	hydroponics urine biological nitrification Agriculture S
spellingShingle	hydroponics urine biological nitrification Agriculture S Anna Jurga Kamil Janiak Anna Wizimirska Piotr Chochura Stanisław Miodoński Mateusz Muszyński-Huhajło Krzysztof Ratkiewicz Bartosz Zięba Marta Czaplicka-Pędzich Tomasz Pilawka Daria Podstawczyk Resource Recovery from Synthetic Nitrified Urine in the Hydroponic Cultivation of Lettuce (<i>Lactuca sativa</i> Var. <i>capitata</i> L.)
description	The application of hydroponic cultivation fertilized with biologically nitrified synthetic urine can produce nitrate-rich fertilizer for lettuce (<i>Lactuca sativa</i> var. <i>capitata</i> L.). The mounting water crisis and depletion of natural resources makes nitrogen recovery from human urine a practical option. Nitrified urine can be used in indoor vertical hydroponic cultivation and is characterized by a high degree of element recovery. Because of its high ammonium content, hydrolyzed fresh urine may be toxic. A nitrification sequencing batch reactor with suspended activated sludge biomass ensured urine stabilization and biological conversion into nitrate-rich fertilizer. The diluted nitrate-rich fertilizer was then supplied for soilless cultivation. The results show that diluted nitrified urine is an excellent source of bioavailable nitrogen and phosphorus and, with proper enrichment with microelements, could replace commercial fertilizers in hydroponic systems. The yield and quality parameters of lettuce cultivated with enriched urine were comparable to those obtained with a commercial fertilizer. The mass balance calculation showed that industry-scale lettuce production can be based on urine fertilizer collected from a few hundred people for a single unit.
format	article
author	Anna Jurga Kamil Janiak Anna Wizimirska Piotr Chochura Stanisław Miodoński Mateusz Muszyński-Huhajło Krzysztof Ratkiewicz Bartosz Zięba Marta Czaplicka-Pędzich Tomasz Pilawka Daria Podstawczyk
author_facet	Anna Jurga Kamil Janiak Anna Wizimirska Piotr Chochura Stanisław Miodoński Mateusz Muszyński-Huhajło Krzysztof Ratkiewicz Bartosz Zięba Marta Czaplicka-Pędzich Tomasz Pilawka Daria Podstawczyk
author_sort	Anna Jurga
title	Resource Recovery from Synthetic Nitrified Urine in the Hydroponic Cultivation of Lettuce (<i>Lactuca sativa</i> Var. <i>capitata</i> L.)
title_short	Resource Recovery from Synthetic Nitrified Urine in the Hydroponic Cultivation of Lettuce (<i>Lactuca sativa</i> Var. <i>capitata</i> L.)
title_full	Resource Recovery from Synthetic Nitrified Urine in the Hydroponic Cultivation of Lettuce (<i>Lactuca sativa</i> Var. <i>capitata</i> L.)
title_fullStr	Resource Recovery from Synthetic Nitrified Urine in the Hydroponic Cultivation of Lettuce (<i>Lactuca sativa</i> Var. <i>capitata</i> L.)
title_full_unstemmed	Resource Recovery from Synthetic Nitrified Urine in the Hydroponic Cultivation of Lettuce (<i>Lactuca sativa</i> Var. <i>capitata</i> L.)
title_sort	resource recovery from synthetic nitrified urine in the hydroponic cultivation of lettuce (<i>lactuca sativa</i> var. <i>capitata</i> l.)
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/43e678bcb4664ceeade973736fb8fc0a
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Resource Recovery from Synthetic Nitrified Urine in the Hydroponic Cultivation of Lettuce (<i>Lactuca sativa</i> Var. <i>capitata</i> L.)

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