Biomechanics of the medial meniscus in the osteoarthritic knee joint

Background Increased mechanical loading and pathological response of joint tissue to the abnormal mechanical stress can cause degradation of cartilage characteristic of knee osteoarthritis (OA). Despite osteoarthritis is risk factor for the development of meniscal lesions the mechanism of degenerati...

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Autores principales:	Karol Daszkiewicz, Piotr Łuczkiewicz
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	PeerJ Inc. 2021
Materias:	Knee osteoarthritis Medial meniscus Meniscal tear Meniscal extrusion Knee biomechanics Hoop stress Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/4413692951f34aeb860ce74b8d2fef74
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:4413692951f34aeb860ce74b8d2fef742021-11-26T15:05:39ZBiomechanics of the medial meniscus in the osteoarthritic knee joint10.7717/peerj.125092167-8359https://doaj.org/article/4413692951f34aeb860ce74b8d2fef742021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://peerj.com/articles/12509.pdfhttps://peerj.com/articles/12509/https://doaj.org/toc/2167-8359Background Increased mechanical loading and pathological response of joint tissue to the abnormal mechanical stress can cause degradation of cartilage characteristic of knee osteoarthritis (OA). Despite osteoarthritis is risk factor for the development of meniscal lesions the mechanism of degenerative meniscal lesions is still unclear. Therefore, the aim of the study is to investigate the influence of medial compartment knee OA on the stress state and deformation of the medial meniscus. Methods The finite element method was used to simulate the stance phase of the gait cycle. An intact knee model was prepared based on magnetic resonance scans of the left knee joint of a healthy volunteer. Degenerative changes in the medial knee OA model were simulated by nonuniform reduction in articular cartilage thickness in specific areas and by a decrease in the material parameters of cartilage and menisci. Two additional models were created to separately evaluate the effect of alterations in articular cartilage geometry and material parameters of the soft tissues on the results. A nonlinear dynamic analysis was performed for standardized knee loads applied to the tibia bone. Results The maximum von Mises stress of 26.8 MPa was observed in the posterior part of the medial meniscus body in the OA model. The maximal hoop stress for the first peak of total force was 83% greater in the posterior horn and only 11% greater in the anterior horn of the medial meniscus in the OA model than in the intact model. The reduction in cartilage thickness caused an increase of 57% in medial translation of the medial meniscus body. A decrease in the compressive modulus of menisci resulted in a 2.5-fold greater reduction in the meniscal body width compared to the intact model. Conclusions Higher hoop stress levels on the inner edge of the posterior part of the medial meniscus in the OA model than in the intact model are associated with a greater medial translation of the meniscus body and a greater reduction in its width. The considerable increase in hoop stresses shows that medial knee OA may contribute to the initiation of meniscal radial tears.Karol DaszkiewiczPiotr ŁuczkiewiczPeerJ Inc.articleKnee osteoarthritisMedial meniscusMeniscal tearMeniscal extrusionKnee biomechanicsHoop stressMedicineRENPeerJ, Vol 9, p e12509 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Knee osteoarthritis Medial meniscus Meniscal tear Meniscal extrusion Knee biomechanics Hoop stress Medicine R
spellingShingle	Knee osteoarthritis Medial meniscus Meniscal tear Meniscal extrusion Knee biomechanics Hoop stress Medicine R Karol Daszkiewicz Piotr Łuczkiewicz Biomechanics of the medial meniscus in the osteoarthritic knee joint
description	Background Increased mechanical loading and pathological response of joint tissue to the abnormal mechanical stress can cause degradation of cartilage characteristic of knee osteoarthritis (OA). Despite osteoarthritis is risk factor for the development of meniscal lesions the mechanism of degenerative meniscal lesions is still unclear. Therefore, the aim of the study is to investigate the influence of medial compartment knee OA on the stress state and deformation of the medial meniscus. Methods The finite element method was used to simulate the stance phase of the gait cycle. An intact knee model was prepared based on magnetic resonance scans of the left knee joint of a healthy volunteer. Degenerative changes in the medial knee OA model were simulated by nonuniform reduction in articular cartilage thickness in specific areas and by a decrease in the material parameters of cartilage and menisci. Two additional models were created to separately evaluate the effect of alterations in articular cartilage geometry and material parameters of the soft tissues on the results. A nonlinear dynamic analysis was performed for standardized knee loads applied to the tibia bone. Results The maximum von Mises stress of 26.8 MPa was observed in the posterior part of the medial meniscus body in the OA model. The maximal hoop stress for the first peak of total force was 83% greater in the posterior horn and only 11% greater in the anterior horn of the medial meniscus in the OA model than in the intact model. The reduction in cartilage thickness caused an increase of 57% in medial translation of the medial meniscus body. A decrease in the compressive modulus of menisci resulted in a 2.5-fold greater reduction in the meniscal body width compared to the intact model. Conclusions Higher hoop stress levels on the inner edge of the posterior part of the medial meniscus in the OA model than in the intact model are associated with a greater medial translation of the meniscus body and a greater reduction in its width. The considerable increase in hoop stresses shows that medial knee OA may contribute to the initiation of meniscal radial tears.
format	article
author	Karol Daszkiewicz Piotr Łuczkiewicz
author_facet	Karol Daszkiewicz Piotr Łuczkiewicz
author_sort	Karol Daszkiewicz
title	Biomechanics of the medial meniscus in the osteoarthritic knee joint
title_short	Biomechanics of the medial meniscus in the osteoarthritic knee joint
title_full	Biomechanics of the medial meniscus in the osteoarthritic knee joint
title_fullStr	Biomechanics of the medial meniscus in the osteoarthritic knee joint
title_full_unstemmed	Biomechanics of the medial meniscus in the osteoarthritic knee joint
title_sort	biomechanics of the medial meniscus in the osteoarthritic knee joint
publisher	PeerJ Inc.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/4413692951f34aeb860ce74b8d2fef74
work_keys_str_mv	AT karoldaszkiewicz biomechanicsofthemedialmeniscusintheosteoarthritickneejoint AT piotrłuczkiewicz biomechanicsofthemedialmeniscusintheosteoarthritickneejoint
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Biomechanics of the medial meniscus in the osteoarthritic knee joint

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