The efficacy of chlorine-based disinfectants against planktonic and biofilm bacteria for decentralised point-of-use drinking water

Abstract Chlorine solutions are used extensively for the production of biologically safe drinking water. The capability of point-of-use [POU] drinking water treatment systems has gained interest in locations where centralised treatment systems and distribution networks are not practical. This study...

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Autores principales:	Gillian E. Clayton, Robin M. S. Thorn, Darren M. Reynolds
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/447ae07196484af1b11f3bb80c9c9cb4
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:447ae07196484af1b11f3bb80c9c9cb42021-11-08T10:56:52ZThe efficacy of chlorine-based disinfectants against planktonic and biofilm bacteria for decentralised point-of-use drinking water10.1038/s41545-021-00139-w2059-7037https://doaj.org/article/447ae07196484af1b11f3bb80c9c9cb42021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41545-021-00139-whttps://doaj.org/toc/2059-7037Abstract Chlorine solutions are used extensively for the production of biologically safe drinking water. The capability of point-of-use [POU] drinking water treatment systems has gained interest in locations where centralised treatment systems and distribution networks are not practical. This study investigated the antimicrobial and anti-biofilm activity of three chlorine-based disinfectants (hypochlorite ions [OCl-], hypochlorous acid [HOCl] and electrochemically activated solutions [ECAS]) for use in POU drinking water applications. The relative antimicrobial activity was compared within bactericidal suspension assays (BS EN 1040 and BS EN 1276) using Escherichia coli. The anti-biofilm activity was compared utilising established sessile Pseudomonas aeruginosa within a Centre for Disease Control [CDC] biofilm reactor. HOCl exhibited the greatest antimicrobial activity against planktonic E. coli at >50 mg L−1 free chlorine, in the presence of organic loading (bovine serum albumen). However, ECAS exhibited significantly greater anti-biofilm activity compared to OCl- and HOCl against P. aeruginosa biofilms at ≥50 mg L−1 free chlorine. Based on this evidence disinfectants where HOCl is the dominant chlorine species (HOCl and ECAS) would be appropriate alternative chlorine-based disinfectants for POU drinking water applications.Gillian E. ClaytonRobin M. S. ThornDarren M. ReynoldsNature PortfolioarticleWater supply for domestic and industrial purposesTD201-500ENnpj Clean Water, Vol 4, Iss 1, Pp 1-8 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500
spellingShingle	Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes TD201-500 Gillian E. Clayton Robin M. S. Thorn Darren M. Reynolds The efficacy of chlorine-based disinfectants against planktonic and biofilm bacteria for decentralised point-of-use drinking water
description	Abstract Chlorine solutions are used extensively for the production of biologically safe drinking water. The capability of point-of-use [POU] drinking water treatment systems has gained interest in locations where centralised treatment systems and distribution networks are not practical. This study investigated the antimicrobial and anti-biofilm activity of three chlorine-based disinfectants (hypochlorite ions [OCl-], hypochlorous acid [HOCl] and electrochemically activated solutions [ECAS]) for use in POU drinking water applications. The relative antimicrobial activity was compared within bactericidal suspension assays (BS EN 1040 and BS EN 1276) using Escherichia coli. The anti-biofilm activity was compared utilising established sessile Pseudomonas aeruginosa within a Centre for Disease Control [CDC] biofilm reactor. HOCl exhibited the greatest antimicrobial activity against planktonic E. coli at >50 mg L−1 free chlorine, in the presence of organic loading (bovine serum albumen). However, ECAS exhibited significantly greater anti-biofilm activity compared to OCl- and HOCl against P. aeruginosa biofilms at ≥50 mg L−1 free chlorine. Based on this evidence disinfectants where HOCl is the dominant chlorine species (HOCl and ECAS) would be appropriate alternative chlorine-based disinfectants for POU drinking water applications.
format	article
author	Gillian E. Clayton Robin M. S. Thorn Darren M. Reynolds
author_facet	Gillian E. Clayton Robin M. S. Thorn Darren M. Reynolds
author_sort	Gillian E. Clayton
title	The efficacy of chlorine-based disinfectants against planktonic and biofilm bacteria for decentralised point-of-use drinking water
title_short	The efficacy of chlorine-based disinfectants against planktonic and biofilm bacteria for decentralised point-of-use drinking water
title_full	The efficacy of chlorine-based disinfectants against planktonic and biofilm bacteria for decentralised point-of-use drinking water
title_fullStr	The efficacy of chlorine-based disinfectants against planktonic and biofilm bacteria for decentralised point-of-use drinking water
title_full_unstemmed	The efficacy of chlorine-based disinfectants against planktonic and biofilm bacteria for decentralised point-of-use drinking water
title_sort	efficacy of chlorine-based disinfectants against planktonic and biofilm bacteria for decentralised point-of-use drinking water
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/447ae07196484af1b11f3bb80c9c9cb4
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The efficacy of chlorine-based disinfectants against planktonic and biofilm bacteria for decentralised point-of-use drinking water

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