Steady-state measures of visual suppression.

In the early visual system, suppression occurs between neurons representing different stimulus properties. This includes features such as orientation (cross-orientation suppression), eye-of-origin (interocular suppression) and spatial location (surround suppression), which are thought to involve dis...

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Autores principales:	Daniel H Baker, Greta Vilidaite, Alex R Wade
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/447ff0035d0e4ab6b94501bec657dddf
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:447ff0035d0e4ab6b94501bec657dddf2021-12-02T19:57:42ZSteady-state measures of visual suppression.1553-734X1553-735810.1371/journal.pcbi.1009507https://doaj.org/article/447ff0035d0e4ab6b94501bec657dddf2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009507https://doaj.org/toc/1553-734Xhttps://doaj.org/toc/1553-7358In the early visual system, suppression occurs between neurons representing different stimulus properties. This includes features such as orientation (cross-orientation suppression), eye-of-origin (interocular suppression) and spatial location (surround suppression), which are thought to involve distinct anatomical pathways. We asked if these separate routes to suppression can be differentiated by their pattern of gain control on the contrast response function measured in human participants using steady-state electroencephalography. Changes in contrast gain shift the contrast response function laterally, whereas changes in response gain scale the function vertically. We used a Bayesian hierarchical model to summarise the evidence for each type of gain control. A computational meta-analysis of 16 previous studies found the most evidence for contrast gain effects with overlaid masks, but no clear evidence favouring either response gain or contrast gain for other mask types. We then conducted two new experiments, comparing suppression from four mask types (monocular and dichoptic overlay masks, and aligned and orthogonal surround masks) on responses to sine wave grating patches flickering at 5Hz. At the occipital pole, there was strong evidence for contrast gain effects in all four mask types at the first harmonic frequency (5Hz). Suppression generally became stronger at more lateral electrode sites, but there was little evidence of response gain effects. At the second harmonic frequency (10Hz) suppression was stronger overall, and involved both contrast and response gain effects. Although suppression from different mask types involves distinct anatomical pathways, gain control processes appear to serve a common purpose, which we suggest might be to suppress less reliable inputs.Daniel H BakerGreta VilidaiteAlex R WadePublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENPLoS Computational Biology, Vol 17, Iss 10, p e1009507 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Daniel H Baker Greta Vilidaite Alex R Wade Steady-state measures of visual suppression.
description	In the early visual system, suppression occurs between neurons representing different stimulus properties. This includes features such as orientation (cross-orientation suppression), eye-of-origin (interocular suppression) and spatial location (surround suppression), which are thought to involve distinct anatomical pathways. We asked if these separate routes to suppression can be differentiated by their pattern of gain control on the contrast response function measured in human participants using steady-state electroencephalography. Changes in contrast gain shift the contrast response function laterally, whereas changes in response gain scale the function vertically. We used a Bayesian hierarchical model to summarise the evidence for each type of gain control. A computational meta-analysis of 16 previous studies found the most evidence for contrast gain effects with overlaid masks, but no clear evidence favouring either response gain or contrast gain for other mask types. We then conducted two new experiments, comparing suppression from four mask types (monocular and dichoptic overlay masks, and aligned and orthogonal surround masks) on responses to sine wave grating patches flickering at 5Hz. At the occipital pole, there was strong evidence for contrast gain effects in all four mask types at the first harmonic frequency (5Hz). Suppression generally became stronger at more lateral electrode sites, but there was little evidence of response gain effects. At the second harmonic frequency (10Hz) suppression was stronger overall, and involved both contrast and response gain effects. Although suppression from different mask types involves distinct anatomical pathways, gain control processes appear to serve a common purpose, which we suggest might be to suppress less reliable inputs.
format	article
author	Daniel H Baker Greta Vilidaite Alex R Wade
author_facet	Daniel H Baker Greta Vilidaite Alex R Wade
author_sort	Daniel H Baker
title	Steady-state measures of visual suppression.
title_short	Steady-state measures of visual suppression.
title_full	Steady-state measures of visual suppression.
title_fullStr	Steady-state measures of visual suppression.
title_full_unstemmed	Steady-state measures of visual suppression.
title_sort	steady-state measures of visual suppression.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/447ff0035d0e4ab6b94501bec657dddf
work_keys_str_mv	AT danielhbaker steadystatemeasuresofvisualsuppression AT gretavilidaite steadystatemeasuresofvisualsuppression AT alexrwade steadystatemeasuresofvisualsuppression
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Steady-state measures of visual suppression.

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