Modified plant architecture integrated with liquid fertilizers improves fruit productivity and quality of tomato in North West Himalaya, India

Abstract India produces around 19.0 million tonnes of tomatoes annually, which is insufficient to meet the ever-increasing demand. A big gap of tomato productivity (72.14 t ha–1) between India (24.66 t ha–1) and the USA (96.8 t ha–1) exist, which can be bridged by integrating trellis system of shoot...

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Autores principales:	Avinash Chandra Rathore, Harsh Mehta, J. Jayaprakash, Charan Singh, Anand Kumar Gupta, Pawan Kumar, Sadikul Islam, Saswat Kumar Kar, Sridhar Patra, Lekh Chand, Vijay Kumar Doharey, Prabhat Ranjan Ojasvi, Ram Swaroop Yadav, M. Madhu
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/448a570e22a34f538671f0931e32f618
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:448a570e22a34f538671f0931e32f6182021-12-02T17:26:49ZModified plant architecture integrated with liquid fertilizers improves fruit productivity and quality of tomato in North West Himalaya, India10.1038/s41598-021-98209-z2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/448a570e22a34f538671f0931e32f6182021-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-98209-zhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract India produces around 19.0 million tonnes of tomatoes annually, which is insufficient to meet the ever-increasing demand. A big gap of tomato productivity (72.14 t ha–1) between India (24.66 t ha–1) and the USA (96.8 t ha–1) exist, which can be bridged by integrating trellis system of shoot training, shoot pruning, liquid fertilizers, farmyard manure, and mulching technologies. Therefore, the present experiment was conducted on tomato (cv. Himsona) during 2019–2020 at farmers' fields to improve tomato productivity and quality. There were five treatments laid in a randomized block design (RBD) with three replications; T1 [Farmer practice on the flatbed with RDF @ N120:P60:K60 + FYM @6.0 t ha−1 without mulch], T2 [T1 + Polythene mulch (50 microns)], T3 [Tomato plants grown on the raised bed with polythene mulch + FYM @ 8.0 t ha−1 + Single shoot trellis system + Side shoot pruning + Liquid Fertilizer (LF1—N19:P19:K19) @ 2.0 g l–1 for vegetative growth + Liquid Fertilizer (LF2—N0: P52: K34) @ 1.5 g l–1 for improving fruit quality], T4 [Tomato plants grown on the raised bed with polythene mulch + FYM @ 8.0 t ha−1 + Single shoot trellis system + Side shoot pruning + LF1 @ 4.0 g l–1 + LF2 @ 3.0 g l–1], and T5 [Tomato plants grown on the raised bed with polythene mulch + FYM @ 10.0 t ha−1 + Single shoot trellis system + Side shoot pruning + LF1 @ 6.0 g l–1 + LF2 @ 4.5 g l–1]. The results revealed that tomato plant grown on the raised beds with polythene mulch, shoot pruning, trellising, liquid fertilizers, and farmyard manure (i.e., T5) recorded higher shoot length, dry matter content, and tomato productivity by 20.75–141.21, 18.79–169.4, and 18.89–160.87% as compared to T4–T1 treatments, respectively. The T5 treatment also recorded the highest water productivity (28.39 kg m–3), improved fruit qualities, net return (10,751 USD ha–1), benefit–cost ratio (3.08), microbial population, and enzymatic activities as compared to other treatments. The ranking and hierarchical clustering of treatments confirmed the superiority of the T5 treatment over all other treatments.Avinash Chandra RathoreHarsh MehtaJ. JayaprakashCharan SinghAnand Kumar GuptaPawan KumarSadikul IslamSaswat Kumar KarSridhar PatraLekh ChandVijay Kumar DohareyPrabhat Ranjan OjasviRam Swaroop YadavM. MadhuNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Avinash Chandra Rathore Harsh Mehta J. Jayaprakash Charan Singh Anand Kumar Gupta Pawan Kumar Sadikul Islam Saswat Kumar Kar Sridhar Patra Lekh Chand Vijay Kumar Doharey Prabhat Ranjan Ojasvi Ram Swaroop Yadav M. Madhu Modified plant architecture integrated with liquid fertilizers improves fruit productivity and quality of tomato in North West Himalaya, India
description	Abstract India produces around 19.0 million tonnes of tomatoes annually, which is insufficient to meet the ever-increasing demand. A big gap of tomato productivity (72.14 t ha–1) between India (24.66 t ha–1) and the USA (96.8 t ha–1) exist, which can be bridged by integrating trellis system of shoot training, shoot pruning, liquid fertilizers, farmyard manure, and mulching technologies. Therefore, the present experiment was conducted on tomato (cv. Himsona) during 2019–2020 at farmers' fields to improve tomato productivity and quality. There were five treatments laid in a randomized block design (RBD) with three replications; T1 [Farmer practice on the flatbed with RDF @ N120:P60:K60 + FYM @6.0 t ha−1 without mulch], T2 [T1 + Polythene mulch (50 microns)], T3 [Tomato plants grown on the raised bed with polythene mulch + FYM @ 8.0 t ha−1 + Single shoot trellis system + Side shoot pruning + Liquid Fertilizer (LF1—N19:P19:K19) @ 2.0 g l–1 for vegetative growth + Liquid Fertilizer (LF2—N0: P52: K34) @ 1.5 g l–1 for improving fruit quality], T4 [Tomato plants grown on the raised bed with polythene mulch + FYM @ 8.0 t ha−1 + Single shoot trellis system + Side shoot pruning + LF1 @ 4.0 g l–1 + LF2 @ 3.0 g l–1], and T5 [Tomato plants grown on the raised bed with polythene mulch + FYM @ 10.0 t ha−1 + Single shoot trellis system + Side shoot pruning + LF1 @ 6.0 g l–1 + LF2 @ 4.5 g l–1]. The results revealed that tomato plant grown on the raised beds with polythene mulch, shoot pruning, trellising, liquid fertilizers, and farmyard manure (i.e., T5) recorded higher shoot length, dry matter content, and tomato productivity by 20.75–141.21, 18.79–169.4, and 18.89–160.87% as compared to T4–T1 treatments, respectively. The T5 treatment also recorded the highest water productivity (28.39 kg m–3), improved fruit qualities, net return (10,751 USD ha–1), benefit–cost ratio (3.08), microbial population, and enzymatic activities as compared to other treatments. The ranking and hierarchical clustering of treatments confirmed the superiority of the T5 treatment over all other treatments.
format	article
author	Avinash Chandra Rathore Harsh Mehta J. Jayaprakash Charan Singh Anand Kumar Gupta Pawan Kumar Sadikul Islam Saswat Kumar Kar Sridhar Patra Lekh Chand Vijay Kumar Doharey Prabhat Ranjan Ojasvi Ram Swaroop Yadav M. Madhu
author_facet	Avinash Chandra Rathore Harsh Mehta J. Jayaprakash Charan Singh Anand Kumar Gupta Pawan Kumar Sadikul Islam Saswat Kumar Kar Sridhar Patra Lekh Chand Vijay Kumar Doharey Prabhat Ranjan Ojasvi Ram Swaroop Yadav M. Madhu
author_sort	Avinash Chandra Rathore
title	Modified plant architecture integrated with liquid fertilizers improves fruit productivity and quality of tomato in North West Himalaya, India
title_short	Modified plant architecture integrated with liquid fertilizers improves fruit productivity and quality of tomato in North West Himalaya, India
title_full	Modified plant architecture integrated with liquid fertilizers improves fruit productivity and quality of tomato in North West Himalaya, India
title_fullStr	Modified plant architecture integrated with liquid fertilizers improves fruit productivity and quality of tomato in North West Himalaya, India
title_full_unstemmed	Modified plant architecture integrated with liquid fertilizers improves fruit productivity and quality of tomato in North West Himalaya, India
title_sort	modified plant architecture integrated with liquid fertilizers improves fruit productivity and quality of tomato in north west himalaya, india
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/448a570e22a34f538671f0931e32f618
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Modified plant architecture integrated with liquid fertilizers improves fruit productivity and quality of tomato in North West Himalaya, India

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