$Flexible Powder Production for Additive Manufacturing of Refractory Metal-Based Alloys$
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Flexible Powder Production for Additive Manufacturing of Refractory Metal-Based Alloys

The quality and properties of metal powders are essential for powder metallurgical (PM) processes in general and for additive manufacturing (AM) processing routes in particular. Thus, a variety of atomization technologies were established meeting the multiple needs of the different processing techno...

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Autores principales:	Frauke Hinrichs, Alexander Kauffmann, Daniel Schliephake, Sascha Seils, Susanne Obert, Karin Ratschbacher, Melissa Allen, Astrid Pundt, Martin Heilmaier
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	additive manufacturing powder properties refractory metal alloy molybdenum silicides Mo-Si-Ti ultrasonic atomization Mining engineering. Metallurgy TN1-997
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/449d3024aec14b83b51470b8fcf47d9c
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:449d3024aec14b83b51470b8fcf47d9c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:449d3024aec14b83b51470b8fcf47d9c2021-11-25T18:21:31ZFlexible Powder Production for Additive Manufacturing of Refractory Metal-Based Alloys10.3390/met111117232075-4701https://doaj.org/article/449d3024aec14b83b51470b8fcf47d9c2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/11/11/1723https://doaj.org/toc/2075-4701The quality and properties of metal powders are essential for powder metallurgical (PM) processes in general and for additive manufacturing (AM) processing routes in particular. Thus, a variety of atomization technologies were established meeting the multiple needs of the different processing technologies. However, the production of refractory metal alloy powder remains challenging due to their high liquidus temperatures (>2000 °C), the formation of brittle intermetallic phases, as well as the reactivity with and sensitivity to interstitials of the constituting elements. In this contribution, powders made of Mo-20Si-52.8-Ti (at.%) were produced by a novel ultrasonic atomization (UA) process at laboratory-scale using an industrial electrode induction gas atomization (EIGA) process with a modified electrode concept for the first time. UA allows flexibility in alloy composition due to the arc melting-based principle, while the EIGA electrode is PM manufactured from elemental powders to provide similar flexibility on a larger scale. The powders resulting from these two processes were compared with respect to size distribution, sphericity, microstructure and phase constitution, chemical composition, and interstitial impurity content. In addition, several powder batches were produced with the UA process in order to assess the process reliability and stability. The properties, quality, and quantities of UA powders perfectly meet the requests for alloy development for powder bed fusion AM, while the modified EIGA process allows the upscaling of the alloy powder quantities.Frauke HinrichsAlexander KauffmannDaniel SchliephakeSascha SeilsSusanne ObertKarin RatschbacherMelissa AllenAstrid PundtMartin HeilmaierMDPI AGarticleadditive manufacturingpowder propertiesrefractory metal alloymolybdenum silicidesMo-Si-Tiultrasonic atomizationMining engineering. MetallurgyTN1-997ENMetals, Vol 11, Iss 1723, p 1723 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	additive manufacturing powder properties refractory metal alloy molybdenum silicides Mo-Si-Ti ultrasonic atomization Mining engineering. Metallurgy TN1-997
spellingShingle	additive manufacturing powder properties refractory metal alloy molybdenum silicides Mo-Si-Ti ultrasonic atomization Mining engineering. Metallurgy TN1-997 Frauke Hinrichs Alexander Kauffmann Daniel Schliephake Sascha Seils Susanne Obert Karin Ratschbacher Melissa Allen Astrid Pundt Martin Heilmaier Flexible Powder Production for Additive Manufacturing of Refractory Metal-Based Alloys
description	The quality and properties of metal powders are essential for powder metallurgical (PM) processes in general and for additive manufacturing (AM) processing routes in particular. Thus, a variety of atomization technologies were established meeting the multiple needs of the different processing technologies. However, the production of refractory metal alloy powder remains challenging due to their high liquidus temperatures (>2000 °C), the formation of brittle intermetallic phases, as well as the reactivity with and sensitivity to interstitials of the constituting elements. In this contribution, powders made of Mo-20Si-52.8-Ti (at.%) were produced by a novel ultrasonic atomization (UA) process at laboratory-scale using an industrial electrode induction gas atomization (EIGA) process with a modified electrode concept for the first time. UA allows flexibility in alloy composition due to the arc melting-based principle, while the EIGA electrode is PM manufactured from elemental powders to provide similar flexibility on a larger scale. The powders resulting from these two processes were compared with respect to size distribution, sphericity, microstructure and phase constitution, chemical composition, and interstitial impurity content. In addition, several powder batches were produced with the UA process in order to assess the process reliability and stability. The properties, quality, and quantities of UA powders perfectly meet the requests for alloy development for powder bed fusion AM, while the modified EIGA process allows the upscaling of the alloy powder quantities.
format	article
author	Frauke Hinrichs Alexander Kauffmann Daniel Schliephake Sascha Seils Susanne Obert Karin Ratschbacher Melissa Allen Astrid Pundt Martin Heilmaier
author_facet	Frauke Hinrichs Alexander Kauffmann Daniel Schliephake Sascha Seils Susanne Obert Karin Ratschbacher Melissa Allen Astrid Pundt Martin Heilmaier
author_sort	Frauke Hinrichs
title	Flexible Powder Production for Additive Manufacturing of Refractory Metal-Based Alloys
title_short	Flexible Powder Production for Additive Manufacturing of Refractory Metal-Based Alloys
title_full	Flexible Powder Production for Additive Manufacturing of Refractory Metal-Based Alloys
title_fullStr	Flexible Powder Production for Additive Manufacturing of Refractory Metal-Based Alloys
title_full_unstemmed	Flexible Powder Production for Additive Manufacturing of Refractory Metal-Based Alloys
title_sort	flexible powder production for additive manufacturing of refractory metal-based alloys
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/449d3024aec14b83b51470b8fcf47d9c
work_keys_str_mv	AT fraukehinrichs flexiblepowderproductionforadditivemanufacturingofrefractorymetalbasedalloys AT alexanderkauffmann flexiblepowderproductionforadditivemanufacturingofrefractorymetalbasedalloys AT danielschliephake flexiblepowderproductionforadditivemanufacturingofrefractorymetalbasedalloys AT saschaseils flexiblepowderproductionforadditivemanufacturingofrefractorymetalbasedalloys AT susanneobert flexiblepowderproductionforadditivemanufacturingofrefractorymetalbasedalloys AT karinratschbacher flexiblepowderproductionforadditivemanufacturingofrefractorymetalbasedalloys AT melissaallen flexiblepowderproductionforadditivemanufacturingofrefractorymetalbasedalloys AT astridpundt flexiblepowderproductionforadditivemanufacturingofrefractorymetalbasedalloys AT martinheilmaier flexiblepowderproductionforadditivemanufacturingofrefractorymetalbasedalloys
_version_	1718411252813791232

Flexible Powder Production for Additive Manufacturing of Refractory Metal-Based Alloys

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