The Influence of Herbicides to Marine Organisms <i>Aliivibrio fischeri</i> and <i>Artemia salina</i>
The aim of this work was to determine the toxic effect of the most used herbicides on marine organisms, the bacterium <i>Aliivibrio fischeri</i>, and the crustacean <i>Artemia salina</i>. The effect of these substances was evaluated using a luminescent bacterial test and an e...
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| Autores principales: | , , |
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| Formato: | article |
| Lenguaje: | EN |
| Publicado: |
MDPI AG
2021
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://doaj.org/article/44c0f13b66b645e0b1f99c32c76dfc9d |
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| Sumario: | The aim of this work was to determine the toxic effect of the most used herbicides on marine organisms, the bacterium <i>Aliivibrio fischeri</i>, and the crustacean <i>Artemia salina</i>. The effect of these substances was evaluated using a luminescent bacterial test and an ecotoxicity test. The results showed that half maximal inhibitory concentration for <i>A. fischeri</i> is as follows: <sub>15min</sub>IC<sub>50</sub> (Roundup<sup>®</sup> Classic Pro) = 236 μg·L<sup>−1</sup>, <sub>15min</sub>IC<sub>50</sub> (Kaput<sup>®</sup> Premium) = 2475 μg·L<sup>−1</sup>, <sub>15min</sub>IC<sub>50</sub> (Banvel<sup>®</sup> 480 S) = 2637 μg·L<sup>−1</sup>, <sub>15min</sub>IC<sub>50</sub> (Lontrel 300) = 7596 μg·L<sup>−1</sup>, <sub>15min</sub>IC<sub>50</sub> (Finalsan<sup>®</sup>) = 64 μg·L<sup>−1</sup>, <sub>15min</sub>IC<sub>50</sub> (glyphosate) = 7934 μg·L<sup>−1</sup>, <sub>15min</sub>IC<sub>50</sub> (dicamba) = 15,937 μg·L<sup>−1</sup>, <sub>15min</sub>IC<sub>50</sub> (clopyralid) = 10,417 μg·L<sup>−1</sup>, <sub>15min</sub>IC<sub>50</sub> (nonanoic acid) = 16,040 μg·L<sup>−1</sup>. Median lethal concentrations for <i>A. salina</i> were determined as follows: LC<sub>50</sub> (Roundup<sup>®</sup> Classic Pro) = 18 μg·L<sup>−1</sup>, LC<sub>50</sub> (Kaput<sup>®</sup> Premium) = 19 μg·L<sup>−1</sup>, LC<sub>50</sub> (Banvel<sup>®</sup> 480 S) = 2519 μg·L<sup>−1</sup>, LC<sub>50</sub> (Lontrel 300) = 1796 μg·L<sup>−1</sup>, LC<sub>50</sub> (Finalsan<sup>®</sup>) = 100 μg·L<sup>−1</sup>, LC<sub>50</sub> (glyphosate) = 811 μg·L<sup>−1</sup>, LC<sub>50</sub> (dicamba) = 3705 μg·L<sup>−1</sup>, LC<sub>50</sub> (clopyralid) = 2800 μg·L<sup>−1</sup>, LC<sub>50</sub> (nonanoic acid) = 7493 μg·L<sup>−1</sup>. These findings indicate the need to monitor the herbicides used for all environmental compartments. |
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