Comparative models disentangle drivers of fruit production variability of an economically and ecologically important long-lived Amazonian tree

Abstract Trees in the upper canopy contribute disproportionately to forest ecosystem productivity. The large, canopy-emergent Bertholletia excelsa also supports a multimillion-dollar commodity crop (Brazil nut), harvested almost exclusively from Amazonian forests. B. excelsa fruit production, howeve...

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Autores principales:	Christina L. Staudhammer, Lúcia Helena O. Wadt, Karen A. Kainer, Thiago Augusto da Cunha
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/44d97263efb74618b6d62c756b51e57a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:44d97263efb74618b6d62c756b51e57a2021-12-02T10:48:22ZComparative models disentangle drivers of fruit production variability of an economically and ecologically important long-lived Amazonian tree10.1038/s41598-021-81948-42045-2322https://doaj.org/article/44d97263efb74618b6d62c756b51e57a2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-81948-4https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Trees in the upper canopy contribute disproportionately to forest ecosystem productivity. The large, canopy-emergent Bertholletia excelsa also supports a multimillion-dollar commodity crop (Brazil nut), harvested almost exclusively from Amazonian forests. B. excelsa fruit production, however is extremely variable within populations and years, destabilizing local harvester livelihoods and the extractive economy. To understand this variability, data were collected in Acre, Brazil over 10 years at two sites with similar climate and forest types, but different fruit production levels, despite their proximity (~ 30 km). One site consistently produced more fruit, showed less individual- and population-level variability, and had significantly higher soil P and K levels. The strongest predictor of fruit production was crown area. Elevation and sapwood area also significantly impacted fruit production, but effects differed by site. While number of wet days and dry season vapor pressure prior to flowering were significant production predictors, no climatic variables completely captured annual observed variation. Trees on the site with higher available P and K produced nearly three times more fruits, and appeared more resilient to prolonged drought and drier atmospheric conditions. Management activities, such as targeted fertilization, may shield income-dependent harvesters from expected climate changes and production swings, ultimately contributing to conservation of old growth forests where this species thrives.Christina L. StaudhammerLúcia Helena O. WadtKaren A. KainerThiago Augusto da CunhaNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Christina L. Staudhammer Lúcia Helena O. Wadt Karen A. Kainer Thiago Augusto da Cunha Comparative models disentangle drivers of fruit production variability of an economically and ecologically important long-lived Amazonian tree
description	Abstract Trees in the upper canopy contribute disproportionately to forest ecosystem productivity. The large, canopy-emergent Bertholletia excelsa also supports a multimillion-dollar commodity crop (Brazil nut), harvested almost exclusively from Amazonian forests. B. excelsa fruit production, however is extremely variable within populations and years, destabilizing local harvester livelihoods and the extractive economy. To understand this variability, data were collected in Acre, Brazil over 10 years at two sites with similar climate and forest types, but different fruit production levels, despite their proximity (~ 30 km). One site consistently produced more fruit, showed less individual- and population-level variability, and had significantly higher soil P and K levels. The strongest predictor of fruit production was crown area. Elevation and sapwood area also significantly impacted fruit production, but effects differed by site. While number of wet days and dry season vapor pressure prior to flowering were significant production predictors, no climatic variables completely captured annual observed variation. Trees on the site with higher available P and K produced nearly three times more fruits, and appeared more resilient to prolonged drought and drier atmospheric conditions. Management activities, such as targeted fertilization, may shield income-dependent harvesters from expected climate changes and production swings, ultimately contributing to conservation of old growth forests where this species thrives.
format	article
author	Christina L. Staudhammer Lúcia Helena O. Wadt Karen A. Kainer Thiago Augusto da Cunha
author_facet	Christina L. Staudhammer Lúcia Helena O. Wadt Karen A. Kainer Thiago Augusto da Cunha
author_sort	Christina L. Staudhammer
title	Comparative models disentangle drivers of fruit production variability of an economically and ecologically important long-lived Amazonian tree
title_short	Comparative models disentangle drivers of fruit production variability of an economically and ecologically important long-lived Amazonian tree
title_full	Comparative models disentangle drivers of fruit production variability of an economically and ecologically important long-lived Amazonian tree
title_fullStr	Comparative models disentangle drivers of fruit production variability of an economically and ecologically important long-lived Amazonian tree
title_full_unstemmed	Comparative models disentangle drivers of fruit production variability of an economically and ecologically important long-lived Amazonian tree
title_sort	comparative models disentangle drivers of fruit production variability of an economically and ecologically important long-lived amazonian tree
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/44d97263efb74618b6d62c756b51e57a
work_keys_str_mv	AT christinalstaudhammer comparativemodelsdisentangledriversoffruitproductionvariabilityofaneconomicallyandecologicallyimportantlonglivedamazoniantree AT luciahelenaowadt comparativemodelsdisentangledriversoffruitproductionvariabilityofaneconomicallyandecologicallyimportantlonglivedamazoniantree AT karenakainer comparativemodelsdisentangledriversoffruitproductionvariabilityofaneconomicallyandecologicallyimportantlonglivedamazoniantree AT thiagoaugustodacunha comparativemodelsdisentangledriversoffruitproductionvariabilityofaneconomicallyandecologicallyimportantlonglivedamazoniantree
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Comparative models disentangle drivers of fruit production variability of an economically and ecologically important long-lived Amazonian tree

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