A colorimetric test for the evaluation of the insecticide content of LLINs used on Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea

Abstract Background Insecticide-treated nets and indoor residual spraying of insecticides are used as the vector control interventions in the fight against malaria. Measuring the actual amount of deposits of insecticides on bed nets and walls is essential for evaluating the quality and effectiveness...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Harparkash Kaur, Elizabeth Louise Allan, Teunis A. Eggelte, Guillermo A. García, Feliciano Monti
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	BMC 2021
Materias:	Malaria Vector control Insecticide-treated nets Insecticide concentration Insecticidal activity Colorimetric Test Kit Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/44e91427d9cd4211998677b3698820cb
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:44e91427d9cd4211998677b3698820cb
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:44e91427d9cd4211998677b3698820cb2021-11-14T12:33:50ZA colorimetric test for the evaluation of the insecticide content of LLINs used on Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea10.1186/s12936-021-03967-w1475-2875https://doaj.org/article/44e91427d9cd4211998677b3698820cb2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-021-03967-whttps://doaj.org/toc/1475-2875Abstract Background Insecticide-treated nets and indoor residual spraying of insecticides are used as the vector control interventions in the fight against malaria. Measuring the actual amount of deposits of insecticides on bed nets and walls is essential for evaluating the quality and effectiveness of the intervention. A colorimetric “Test Kit” designed for use as a screening tool, able to detect the type II pyrethroids on fabrics and sprayed walls, was used for the first time to detect deltamethrin on long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) deployed on Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea. Methods LLINs were analysed using the colorimetric Test Kit performed in situ, which leads to the formation of an orange-red solution whose depth of colour indicates the amount of type II pyrethroid on the net. The kit results were validated by measuring the amount of extracted insecticide using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with diode array detection (DAD). Results Deltamethrin concentration was determined for 130 LLINs by HPLC–DAD. The deltamethrin concentration of these nets exhibited a significant decrease with the age of the net from 65 mg/m2 (< 12 months of use) to 31 mg/m2 (> 48 months; p < 0.001). Overall, 18% of the nets being used in households had < 15 mg/m2 of deltamethrin, thus falling into the “Fail” category as assessed by the colorimetric Test Kit. This was supported by determining the bio-efficacy of the nets using the WHO recommended cone bioassays. The Test Kit was field evaluated in situ and found to be rapid, accurate, and easy to use by people without laboratory training. The Test Kit was shown to have a reliable linear relationship between the depth of colour produced and deltamethrin concentration (R2 = 0.9135). Conclusion This study shows that this colorimetric test was a reliable method to assess the insecticidal content of LLINs under operational conditions. The Test Kit provides immediate results and offers a rapid, inexpensive, field-friendly alternative to the complicated and costly methods such as HPLC and WHO cone bioassays which also need specialist staff. Thus, enabling National Malaria Control Programmes to gain access to effective and affordable monitoring tools for use in situ.Harparkash KaurElizabeth Louise AllanTeunis A. EggelteGuillermo A. GarcíaFeliciano MontiBMCarticleMalariaVector controlInsecticide-treated netsInsecticide concentrationInsecticidal activityColorimetric Test KitArctic medicine. Tropical medicineRC955-962Infectious and parasitic diseasesRC109-216ENMalaria Journal, Vol 20, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Malaria Vector control Insecticide-treated nets Insecticide concentration Insecticidal activity Colorimetric Test Kit Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216
spellingShingle	Malaria Vector control Insecticide-treated nets Insecticide concentration Insecticidal activity Colorimetric Test Kit Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Harparkash Kaur Elizabeth Louise Allan Teunis A. Eggelte Guillermo A. García Feliciano Monti A colorimetric test for the evaluation of the insecticide content of LLINs used on Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea
description	Abstract Background Insecticide-treated nets and indoor residual spraying of insecticides are used as the vector control interventions in the fight against malaria. Measuring the actual amount of deposits of insecticides on bed nets and walls is essential for evaluating the quality and effectiveness of the intervention. A colorimetric “Test Kit” designed for use as a screening tool, able to detect the type II pyrethroids on fabrics and sprayed walls, was used for the first time to detect deltamethrin on long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) deployed on Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea. Methods LLINs were analysed using the colorimetric Test Kit performed in situ, which leads to the formation of an orange-red solution whose depth of colour indicates the amount of type II pyrethroid on the net. The kit results were validated by measuring the amount of extracted insecticide using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with diode array detection (DAD). Results Deltamethrin concentration was determined for 130 LLINs by HPLC–DAD. The deltamethrin concentration of these nets exhibited a significant decrease with the age of the net from 65 mg/m2 (< 12 months of use) to 31 mg/m2 (> 48 months; p < 0.001). Overall, 18% of the nets being used in households had < 15 mg/m2 of deltamethrin, thus falling into the “Fail” category as assessed by the colorimetric Test Kit. This was supported by determining the bio-efficacy of the nets using the WHO recommended cone bioassays. The Test Kit was field evaluated in situ and found to be rapid, accurate, and easy to use by people without laboratory training. The Test Kit was shown to have a reliable linear relationship between the depth of colour produced and deltamethrin concentration (R2 = 0.9135). Conclusion This study shows that this colorimetric test was a reliable method to assess the insecticidal content of LLINs under operational conditions. The Test Kit provides immediate results and offers a rapid, inexpensive, field-friendly alternative to the complicated and costly methods such as HPLC and WHO cone bioassays which also need specialist staff. Thus, enabling National Malaria Control Programmes to gain access to effective and affordable monitoring tools for use in situ.
format	article
author	Harparkash Kaur Elizabeth Louise Allan Teunis A. Eggelte Guillermo A. García Feliciano Monti
author_facet	Harparkash Kaur Elizabeth Louise Allan Teunis A. Eggelte Guillermo A. García Feliciano Monti
author_sort	Harparkash Kaur
title	A colorimetric test for the evaluation of the insecticide content of LLINs used on Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea
title_short	A colorimetric test for the evaluation of the insecticide content of LLINs used on Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea
title_full	A colorimetric test for the evaluation of the insecticide content of LLINs used on Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea
title_fullStr	A colorimetric test for the evaluation of the insecticide content of LLINs used on Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea
title_full_unstemmed	A colorimetric test for the evaluation of the insecticide content of LLINs used on Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea
title_sort	colorimetric test for the evaluation of the insecticide content of llins used on bioko island, equatorial guinea
publisher	BMC
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/44e91427d9cd4211998677b3698820cb
work_keys_str_mv	AT harparkashkaur acolorimetrictestfortheevaluationoftheinsecticidecontentofllinsusedonbiokoislandequatorialguinea AT elizabethlouiseallan acolorimetrictestfortheevaluationoftheinsecticidecontentofllinsusedonbiokoislandequatorialguinea AT teunisaeggelte acolorimetrictestfortheevaluationoftheinsecticidecontentofllinsusedonbiokoislandequatorialguinea AT guillermoagarcia acolorimetrictestfortheevaluationoftheinsecticidecontentofllinsusedonbiokoislandequatorialguinea AT felicianomonti acolorimetrictestfortheevaluationoftheinsecticidecontentofllinsusedonbiokoislandequatorialguinea AT harparkashkaur colorimetrictestfortheevaluationoftheinsecticidecontentofllinsusedonbiokoislandequatorialguinea AT elizabethlouiseallan colorimetrictestfortheevaluationoftheinsecticidecontentofllinsusedonbiokoislandequatorialguinea AT teunisaeggelte colorimetrictestfortheevaluationoftheinsecticidecontentofllinsusedonbiokoislandequatorialguinea AT guillermoagarcia colorimetrictestfortheevaluationoftheinsecticidecontentofllinsusedonbiokoislandequatorialguinea AT felicianomonti colorimetrictestfortheevaluationoftheinsecticidecontentofllinsusedonbiokoislandequatorialguinea
_version_	1718429162910253056

A colorimetric test for the evaluation of the insecticide content of LLINs used on Bioko Island, Equatorial Guinea

Ejemplares similares