Interactive and Dynamic Effects of Rootstock and Rhizobiome on Scion Nutrition in Cacao Seedlings

Perennial agroecosystems often seek to optimize productivity by breeding nutrient-efficient, disease-resistant rootstocks. In cacao (Theobroma cacao L.), however, rootstock selection has traditionally relied on locally available open pollinated populations with limited data on performance. Furthermo...

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Autores principales:	Jennifer E. Schmidt, Ashley DuVal, Alina Puig, Alexandra Tempeleu, Taylor Crow
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	rootstock Theobroma cacao rhizobiome nutrient uptake rhizosphere microbiome Agriculture S Plant culture SB1-1110
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/4564edfe043141d5ab82064c354ed2ae
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:4564edfe043141d5ab82064c354ed2ae2021-11-18T06:07:34ZInteractive and Dynamic Effects of Rootstock and Rhizobiome on Scion Nutrition in Cacao Seedlings2673-321810.3389/fagro.2021.754646https://doaj.org/article/4564edfe043141d5ab82064c354ed2ae2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fagro.2021.754646/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2673-3218Perennial agroecosystems often seek to optimize productivity by breeding nutrient-efficient, disease-resistant rootstocks. In cacao (Theobroma cacao L.), however, rootstock selection has traditionally relied on locally available open pollinated populations with limited data on performance. Furthermore, rootstock associations with the rhizobiome, or rhizosphere microbiome, have been neglected. Better understanding of rootstock and scion effects on cacao-specific traits, particularly those involved in root-microbe interactions and nutrient acquisition, could contribute to more efficient rootstock selection and breeding. A rootstock-scion interaction study was conducted using three scion genotypes and eight rootstock populations under greenhouse conditions to better understand the relationships among rootstock and scion identities, soil fertility, and rhizobiome composition and the impacts of these factors on plant uptake of macro- and micronutrients. We show that rootstock genotype has a stronger influence than scion on nutrient uptake, bacterial and fungal diversity, and rhizobiome composition, and that the relative contributions of rootstock and scion genotype to foliar nutrient status are dynamic over time. Correlation analysis and stepwise regression revealed complex relationships of soil physicochemical parameters and the rhizobiome to plant nutrition and emphasized strong impacts of microbial diversity and composition on specific nutrients. Linear discriminant analysis effect size estimation identified rootstock-responsive taxa potentially related to plant nutrition. This study highlights the importance of considering root-associated microbial communities as a factor in cacao rootstock breeding and the need for further investigation into mechanisms underlying nutrient acquisition and microbial interactions in grafted plants.Jennifer E. SchmidtAshley DuValAlina PuigAlexandra TempeleuTaylor CrowFrontiers Media S.A.articlerootstockTheobroma cacaorhizobiomenutrient uptakerhizospheremicrobiomeAgricultureSPlant cultureSB1-1110ENFrontiers in Agronomy, Vol 3 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	rootstock Theobroma cacao rhizobiome nutrient uptake rhizosphere microbiome Agriculture S Plant culture SB1-1110
spellingShingle	rootstock Theobroma cacao rhizobiome nutrient uptake rhizosphere microbiome Agriculture S Plant culture SB1-1110 Jennifer E. Schmidt Ashley DuVal Alina Puig Alexandra Tempeleu Taylor Crow Interactive and Dynamic Effects of Rootstock and Rhizobiome on Scion Nutrition in Cacao Seedlings
description	Perennial agroecosystems often seek to optimize productivity by breeding nutrient-efficient, disease-resistant rootstocks. In cacao (Theobroma cacao L.), however, rootstock selection has traditionally relied on locally available open pollinated populations with limited data on performance. Furthermore, rootstock associations with the rhizobiome, or rhizosphere microbiome, have been neglected. Better understanding of rootstock and scion effects on cacao-specific traits, particularly those involved in root-microbe interactions and nutrient acquisition, could contribute to more efficient rootstock selection and breeding. A rootstock-scion interaction study was conducted using three scion genotypes and eight rootstock populations under greenhouse conditions to better understand the relationships among rootstock and scion identities, soil fertility, and rhizobiome composition and the impacts of these factors on plant uptake of macro- and micronutrients. We show that rootstock genotype has a stronger influence than scion on nutrient uptake, bacterial and fungal diversity, and rhizobiome composition, and that the relative contributions of rootstock and scion genotype to foliar nutrient status are dynamic over time. Correlation analysis and stepwise regression revealed complex relationships of soil physicochemical parameters and the rhizobiome to plant nutrition and emphasized strong impacts of microbial diversity and composition on specific nutrients. Linear discriminant analysis effect size estimation identified rootstock-responsive taxa potentially related to plant nutrition. This study highlights the importance of considering root-associated microbial communities as a factor in cacao rootstock breeding and the need for further investigation into mechanisms underlying nutrient acquisition and microbial interactions in grafted plants.
format	article
author	Jennifer E. Schmidt Ashley DuVal Alina Puig Alexandra Tempeleu Taylor Crow
author_facet	Jennifer E. Schmidt Ashley DuVal Alina Puig Alexandra Tempeleu Taylor Crow
author_sort	Jennifer E. Schmidt
title	Interactive and Dynamic Effects of Rootstock and Rhizobiome on Scion Nutrition in Cacao Seedlings
title_short	Interactive and Dynamic Effects of Rootstock and Rhizobiome on Scion Nutrition in Cacao Seedlings
title_full	Interactive and Dynamic Effects of Rootstock and Rhizobiome on Scion Nutrition in Cacao Seedlings
title_fullStr	Interactive and Dynamic Effects of Rootstock and Rhizobiome on Scion Nutrition in Cacao Seedlings
title_full_unstemmed	Interactive and Dynamic Effects of Rootstock and Rhizobiome on Scion Nutrition in Cacao Seedlings
title_sort	interactive and dynamic effects of rootstock and rhizobiome on scion nutrition in cacao seedlings
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/4564edfe043141d5ab82064c354ed2ae
work_keys_str_mv	AT jennifereschmidt interactiveanddynamiceffectsofrootstockandrhizobiomeonscionnutritionincacaoseedlings AT ashleyduval interactiveanddynamiceffectsofrootstockandrhizobiomeonscionnutritionincacaoseedlings AT alinapuig interactiveanddynamiceffectsofrootstockandrhizobiomeonscionnutritionincacaoseedlings AT alexandratempeleu interactiveanddynamiceffectsofrootstockandrhizobiomeonscionnutritionincacaoseedlings AT taylorcrow interactiveanddynamiceffectsofrootstockandrhizobiomeonscionnutritionincacaoseedlings
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Interactive and Dynamic Effects of Rootstock and Rhizobiome on Scion Nutrition in Cacao Seedlings

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