The Effect of Solid-State Processes and Heat Treatment on the Properties of AA7075 Aluminum Waste Recycling Nanocomposite

Direct solid-states, such as hot extrusion and equal channel angular pressing (ECAP), are alternative and efficient solid-state processes for use in recycling aluminium scrap. These processes utilise less energy and are eco-friendly. Ceramic particles such as ZrO<sub>2</sub> are suggeste...

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Autores principales:	Huda Mohammed Sabbar, Zulkiflle Leman, Shazarel Shamsudin, Suraya Mohd Tahir, Che Nor Aiza Jaafar, Azmah Hanim Mohamed Ariff, Nur Ismarrubie Zahari, Mohammed H. Rady
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	aluminium alloy AA7075 ECAP heat treatment hot extrusion ZrO<sub>2</sub> Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/459b83457424406a96ce08cb1da93c6c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:459b83457424406a96ce08cb1da93c6c2021-11-11T18:10:56ZThe Effect of Solid-State Processes and Heat Treatment on the Properties of AA7075 Aluminum Waste Recycling Nanocomposite10.3390/ma142166671996-1944https://doaj.org/article/459b83457424406a96ce08cb1da93c6c2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/21/6667https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1944Direct solid-states, such as hot extrusion and equal channel angular pressing (ECAP), are alternative and efficient solid-state processes for use in recycling aluminium scrap. These processes utilise less energy and are eco-friendly. Ceramic particles such as ZrO<sub>2</sub> are suggested as alternatives in the production of metal composites. This study investigated and optimised the effects of various parameters of reinforced ZrO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles on the mechanical and physical properties via response surface methodology (RSM). These parameters were the volume fraction (VF), preheating temperature (T), and preheating time (t). The effects of these parameters were examined before and after the heat treatment condition and ECAP. Each parameter was evaluated at varying magnitudes, i.e., 450, 500, and 550 °C for T, 1, 2, and 3 h for t, and 1, 3, and 5% for VF. The effect that process variables had on responses was elucidated using the factorial design with centre point analysis. T and VF were crucial for attaining the optimum ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and microhardness. Reducing VF increased the mechanical properties to 1 vol% of oxide. The maximum hardness of 95 HV was attained at 550 °C, 1.6 h, and 1 vol% ZrO<sub>2</sub> with a density of 2.85 g/cm<sup>3</sup> and tensile strength of 487 MPa. UTS, density, and microhardness were enhanced by 14%, 1%, and 9.5%, respectively. Additionally, the hot extrusion parameters and ECAP followed by heat treatment strengthened the microhardness by 64% and density by 3%. Compression pressure and extrusion stress produced in these stages were sufficient to eliminate voids that increased the mechanical properties.Huda Mohammed SabbarZulkiflle LemanShazarel ShamsudinSuraya Mohd TahirChe Nor Aiza JaafarAzmah Hanim Mohamed AriffNur Ismarrubie ZahariMohammed H. RadyMDPI AGarticlealuminium alloy AA7075ECAPheat treatmenthot extrusionZrO<sub>2</sub>TechnologyTElectrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineeringTK1-9971Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)TA1-2040MicroscopyQH201-278.5Descriptive and experimental mechanicsQC120-168.85ENMaterials, Vol 14, Iss 6667, p 6667 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	aluminium alloy AA7075 ECAP heat treatment hot extrusion ZrO<sub>2</sub> Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85
spellingShingle	aluminium alloy AA7075 ECAP heat treatment hot extrusion ZrO<sub>2</sub> Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85 Huda Mohammed Sabbar Zulkiflle Leman Shazarel Shamsudin Suraya Mohd Tahir Che Nor Aiza Jaafar Azmah Hanim Mohamed Ariff Nur Ismarrubie Zahari Mohammed H. Rady The Effect of Solid-State Processes and Heat Treatment on the Properties of AA7075 Aluminum Waste Recycling Nanocomposite
description	Direct solid-states, such as hot extrusion and equal channel angular pressing (ECAP), are alternative and efficient solid-state processes for use in recycling aluminium scrap. These processes utilise less energy and are eco-friendly. Ceramic particles such as ZrO<sub>2</sub> are suggested as alternatives in the production of metal composites. This study investigated and optimised the effects of various parameters of reinforced ZrO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles on the mechanical and physical properties via response surface methodology (RSM). These parameters were the volume fraction (VF), preheating temperature (T), and preheating time (t). The effects of these parameters were examined before and after the heat treatment condition and ECAP. Each parameter was evaluated at varying magnitudes, i.e., 450, 500, and 550 °C for T, 1, 2, and 3 h for t, and 1, 3, and 5% for VF. The effect that process variables had on responses was elucidated using the factorial design with centre point analysis. T and VF were crucial for attaining the optimum ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and microhardness. Reducing VF increased the mechanical properties to 1 vol% of oxide. The maximum hardness of 95 HV was attained at 550 °C, 1.6 h, and 1 vol% ZrO<sub>2</sub> with a density of 2.85 g/cm<sup>3</sup> and tensile strength of 487 MPa. UTS, density, and microhardness were enhanced by 14%, 1%, and 9.5%, respectively. Additionally, the hot extrusion parameters and ECAP followed by heat treatment strengthened the microhardness by 64% and density by 3%. Compression pressure and extrusion stress produced in these stages were sufficient to eliminate voids that increased the mechanical properties.
format	article
author	Huda Mohammed Sabbar Zulkiflle Leman Shazarel Shamsudin Suraya Mohd Tahir Che Nor Aiza Jaafar Azmah Hanim Mohamed Ariff Nur Ismarrubie Zahari Mohammed H. Rady
author_facet	Huda Mohammed Sabbar Zulkiflle Leman Shazarel Shamsudin Suraya Mohd Tahir Che Nor Aiza Jaafar Azmah Hanim Mohamed Ariff Nur Ismarrubie Zahari Mohammed H. Rady
author_sort	Huda Mohammed Sabbar
title	The Effect of Solid-State Processes and Heat Treatment on the Properties of AA7075 Aluminum Waste Recycling Nanocomposite
title_short	The Effect of Solid-State Processes and Heat Treatment on the Properties of AA7075 Aluminum Waste Recycling Nanocomposite
title_full	The Effect of Solid-State Processes and Heat Treatment on the Properties of AA7075 Aluminum Waste Recycling Nanocomposite
title_fullStr	The Effect of Solid-State Processes and Heat Treatment on the Properties of AA7075 Aluminum Waste Recycling Nanocomposite
title_full_unstemmed	The Effect of Solid-State Processes and Heat Treatment on the Properties of AA7075 Aluminum Waste Recycling Nanocomposite
title_sort	effect of solid-state processes and heat treatment on the properties of aa7075 aluminum waste recycling nanocomposite
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/459b83457424406a96ce08cb1da93c6c
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The Effect of Solid-State Processes and Heat Treatment on the Properties of AA7075 Aluminum Waste Recycling Nanocomposite

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