Impacts of Logging-Associated Compaction on Forest Soils: A Meta-Analysis

Soil compaction associated with mechanized wood harvesting can long-lastingly disturb forest soils, ecosystem function, and productivity. Sustainable forest management requires precise and deep knowledge of logging operation impacts on forest soils, which can be attained by meta-analysis studies cov...

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Autores principales:	Meisam Nazari, Mohammad Eteghadipour, Mohsen Zarebanadkouki, Mohammad Ghorbani, Michaela A. Dippold, Nataliya Bilyera, Kazem Zamanian
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	soil compaction forest soils logging microbial biomass carbon soil physical properties Forestry SD1-669.5 Environmental sciences GE1-350
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/45b835bca3bf431290c3ddd5b006bdbd
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:45b835bca3bf431290c3ddd5b006bdbd2021-12-03T07:20:30ZImpacts of Logging-Associated Compaction on Forest Soils: A Meta-Analysis2624-893X10.3389/ffgc.2021.780074https://doaj.org/article/45b835bca3bf431290c3ddd5b006bdbd2021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/ffgc.2021.780074/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2624-893XSoil compaction associated with mechanized wood harvesting can long-lastingly disturb forest soils, ecosystem function, and productivity. Sustainable forest management requires precise and deep knowledge of logging operation impacts on forest soils, which can be attained by meta-analysis studies covering representative forest datasets. We performed a meta-analysis on the impact of logging-associated compaction on forest soils microbial biomass carbon (MBC), bulk density, total porosity, and saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat) affected by two management factors (machine weight and passage frequency), two soil factors (texture and depth), and the time passed since the compaction event. Compaction significantly decreased soil MBC by −29.5% only in subsoils (>30 cm). Overall, compaction increased soil bulk density by 8.9% and reduced total porosity and Ksat by −10.1 and −40.2%, respectively. The most striking finding of this meta-analysis is that the greatest disturbance to soil bulk density, total porosity, and Ksat occurs after very frequent (>20) machine passages. This contradicts the existing claims that most damage to forest soils happens after a few machine passages. Furthermore, the analyzed physical variables did not recover to the normal level within a period of 3–6 years. Thus, altering these physical properties can disturb forest ecosystem function and productivity, because they play important roles in water and air supply as well as in biogeochemical cycling in forest ecosystems. To minimize the impact, we recommend the selection of suitable logging machines and decreasing the frequency of machine passages as well as logging out of rainy seasons especially in clayey soils. It is also very important to minimize total skid trail coverage for sustainable forest management.Meisam NazariMohammad EteghadipourMohsen ZarebanadkoukiMohammad GhorbaniMichaela A. DippoldNataliya BilyeraNataliya BilyeraKazem ZamanianKazem ZamanianFrontiers Media S.A.articlesoil compactionforest soilsloggingmicrobial biomass carbonsoil physical propertiesForestrySD1-669.5Environmental sciencesGE1-350ENFrontiers in Forests and Global Change, Vol 4 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	soil compaction forest soils logging microbial biomass carbon soil physical properties Forestry SD1-669.5 Environmental sciences GE1-350
spellingShingle	soil compaction forest soils logging microbial biomass carbon soil physical properties Forestry SD1-669.5 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Meisam Nazari Mohammad Eteghadipour Mohsen Zarebanadkouki Mohammad Ghorbani Michaela A. Dippold Nataliya Bilyera Nataliya Bilyera Kazem Zamanian Kazem Zamanian Impacts of Logging-Associated Compaction on Forest Soils: A Meta-Analysis
description	Soil compaction associated with mechanized wood harvesting can long-lastingly disturb forest soils, ecosystem function, and productivity. Sustainable forest management requires precise and deep knowledge of logging operation impacts on forest soils, which can be attained by meta-analysis studies covering representative forest datasets. We performed a meta-analysis on the impact of logging-associated compaction on forest soils microbial biomass carbon (MBC), bulk density, total porosity, and saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat) affected by two management factors (machine weight and passage frequency), two soil factors (texture and depth), and the time passed since the compaction event. Compaction significantly decreased soil MBC by −29.5% only in subsoils (>30 cm). Overall, compaction increased soil bulk density by 8.9% and reduced total porosity and Ksat by −10.1 and −40.2%, respectively. The most striking finding of this meta-analysis is that the greatest disturbance to soil bulk density, total porosity, and Ksat occurs after very frequent (>20) machine passages. This contradicts the existing claims that most damage to forest soils happens after a few machine passages. Furthermore, the analyzed physical variables did not recover to the normal level within a period of 3–6 years. Thus, altering these physical properties can disturb forest ecosystem function and productivity, because they play important roles in water and air supply as well as in biogeochemical cycling in forest ecosystems. To minimize the impact, we recommend the selection of suitable logging machines and decreasing the frequency of machine passages as well as logging out of rainy seasons especially in clayey soils. It is also very important to minimize total skid trail coverage for sustainable forest management.
format	article
author	Meisam Nazari Mohammad Eteghadipour Mohsen Zarebanadkouki Mohammad Ghorbani Michaela A. Dippold Nataliya Bilyera Nataliya Bilyera Kazem Zamanian Kazem Zamanian
author_facet	Meisam Nazari Mohammad Eteghadipour Mohsen Zarebanadkouki Mohammad Ghorbani Michaela A. Dippold Nataliya Bilyera Nataliya Bilyera Kazem Zamanian Kazem Zamanian
author_sort	Meisam Nazari
title	Impacts of Logging-Associated Compaction on Forest Soils: A Meta-Analysis
title_short	Impacts of Logging-Associated Compaction on Forest Soils: A Meta-Analysis
title_full	Impacts of Logging-Associated Compaction on Forest Soils: A Meta-Analysis
title_fullStr	Impacts of Logging-Associated Compaction on Forest Soils: A Meta-Analysis
title_full_unstemmed	Impacts of Logging-Associated Compaction on Forest Soils: A Meta-Analysis
title_sort	impacts of logging-associated compaction on forest soils: a meta-analysis
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/45b835bca3bf431290c3ddd5b006bdbd
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Impacts of Logging-Associated Compaction on Forest Soils: A Meta-Analysis

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